Soldati class (1937)
_crowned.svg){kind=small} .svg){kind=small}  .svg){kind=small}  Soldati- class |
|
|---|---|
 Destroyer Artigliere |
|
| Overview | |
| Type | destroyer |
| units | 19 in two series (12 and 7) |
| Shipyard |
different in Italy |
| Order | 1936, 1940 |
| delivery | 1938 to 1944 |
| period of service |
1938 to 1965 |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement |
2,500 ts maximum |
| length |
106.7 m |
| width |
10.2 m |
| Draft |
3.4 m |
| crew |
187 (215 2nd series) |
| drive |
|
| speed |
38 (35) kn |
| Range |
2,200 nm at 20 kn |
| Armament |
|
| Radar (from 1942) |
|
The Soldati class (also Camicia Nera class ) was a ship class of the Italian Navy . The class consisted of a total of 19 destroyers , which were built between 1937 and 1944 in two series or batches at various Italian shipyards. The ships bore the names of soldiers or members of individual branches of the armed forces , branches of the armed forces or other military organizations, which is why they were collectively referred to as the "soldier class". Ten ships were lost in the Second World War , two remained unfinished, three went to France as reparations and two to the Soviet Union . Two destroyers remained in Italian service after the war.
history
The Soldati-class ships were the Regia Marina's most modern destroyers in World War II. They were similar in many ways to the previous, somewhat smaller, Oriani and Maestrale classes . The first series, commissioned in 1936, comprised twelve units, six of which were built by OTO in Livorno , two by CNR in Ancona , two by CNR in Palermo and two by Cantieri del Tirreno in Riva Trigoso near Genoa . The second construction lot comprised only seven improved ships instead of the planned twelve, which had only minor modifications compared to their predecessors. The reduction in drive power by 4,000 hp is worth mentioning, which was considered more economical and otherwise sufficient for use. From October 1940, three of the seven ships were built at CNR in Ancona and five at OTO in Livorno. Only five ships of the second series were actually put into service. From 1942, four units received German and Italian radars.
Ships of the class
First series
The association membership of the twelve ships of the first construction lot refers to the year 1940 (was essentially retained until 1943). Almost without exception, they were used in offshore associations.
-
Alpino
- Namesake: Soldier of the Italian mountain troop Alpini
- Ship identification : AP
- Builder : CNR Ancona
- Keel laying : May 2, 1937
- Launched : September 18, 1938
- Commissioning: April 20, 1939
- Association: 13th destroyer squadron
- Missions: sea battle at Cape Teulada , battle at Cape Matapan , first Syrtegefecht , second Syrtegefecht , escort missions to North Africa
- Location: Sunk by US bombers in La Spezia on April 19, 1943
-
Artigliere
- Namesake: Artilleryman
- Ship identification: AR
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laying: February 15, 1937
- Launched: December 12, 1937
- Commissioning: November 14, 1938
- Association: 11th destroyer squadron
- Missions: Naval battle at Punta Stilo . Night battle at Capo Passero, southeast of Sicily, against the radar-equipped cruiser HMS Ajax .
- Location: Badly damaged by HMS Ajax near Capo Passero, sunk by HMS York on October 13, 1940 .
-
Ascari
- Namesake: Askari , colonial soldier
- Ship identification: AI
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laying: December 11, 1937
- Launched: July 31, 1938
- Commissioning: May 6, 1939
- Association: 12th destroyer squadron
- Missions: escort. Punta Stilo, Cape Teulada, Cape Matapan, first and second Syrtegefecht. Took part in the naval battle near Pantelleria against Harpoon convoy on June 15, 1942 .
- Where to find it: ran into mine on March 24, 1943 and sank
-
Aviere
- Namesake: Aviator, lowest rank in the Air Force
- Ship identification: AV
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laid: January 16, 1937
- Launched: September 19, 1937
- Commissioning: August 31, 1937
- Association: 11th destroyer squadron
- Missions: Punta Stilo. Damaged in the night battle near Capo Passero on October 12, 1940. First and second Syrtegefecht, escort to North Africa.
- Location: Sunk on December 17, 1942 by the British submarine HMS Splendid
-
Bersagliere
- Namesake: Member of the Bersaglieri , an Italian infantry force
- Ship identification: BG
- Builder: CNR Palermo
- Keel laid: April 21, 1937
- Launched: July 3, 1938
- Commissioning: April 1, 1939
- Association: 13th destroyer squadron
- Missions: 1940 Cape Teulada, 1941 Cape Matapan, first and second Syrtegefecht. Escort.
- Location: Sunk by US bombers in Palermo on January 7, 1943.
-
Camicia Nera (from July 1943 Artigliere )
- Namesake: Member of the Black Shirts , a fascist party group (from July 1943 "artilleryman")
- Ship identification: CN
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laid: January 21, 1937
- Launched: August 8, 1937
- Commissioning: June 30, 1938
- Association: 11th destroyer squadron
- Missions: Punta Stilo, first Syrtegefecht, escort. On December 2, 1942, losing battle against British Force Q.
- Where to go: As a reparation payment to the Soviet Union, it was named Lovkij (Ловкий). 1960 out of service.
-
Carabiniere
- Namesake: Member of the Carabinieri , a military police force
- Ship identification: CB
- Builder: CT Riva Trigoso
- Keel laying: February 1, 1937
- Launched: July 23, 1938
- Commissioning: December 20, 1938
- Association: 12th destroyer squadron
- Missions: Punta Stilo, Cape Teulada, Cape Matapan, first Syrtegefecht. Badly damaged by submarine HMS P36 on December 16, 1942, received the bow of the Carrista (2nd series), which is under construction . Escort.
- Where to?: Remained in service with the Italian Marina Militare until January 1965
-
Corazzate
- Namesake: Member of the Corazzieri , the head of state's bodyguard
- Ship identification: CR, later CZ
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laid: October 7, 1937
- Launched: May 22, 1938
- Commissioning: March 4, 1939
- Association: 12th destroyer squadron
- Missions: escort, Punta Stilo, Cape Matapan, first Syrtegefecht. Collided with grenades on December 18, 1941 . Badly damaged by air raid on February 15, 1942.
- Where: After the armistice, self-sunk in Genoa on September 9, 1943. Lifted by the Germans, but sunk again in an air raid in 1944.
-
Fuciliere
- Namesake: Fusilier , infantryman
- Ship identification: FC
- Builder: CNR Ancona
- Keel laying: May 2, 1937
- Launched: July 31, 1938
- Commissioning: January 10, 1939
- Association: 13th destroyer squadron
- Missions: escort, Cape Teulada, Cape Matapan, first and second Syrtegefecht. Received Italian radar EC 3 / ter Gufo in 1943 .
- Where: As a reparation payment to the Soviet Union. Wore there the name Lyogkij (Лёгкий). 1960 out of service.
-
Embarrassed
- Namesake: Member of the engineering team , today a pioneer
- Ship identification: GE
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laid: August 26, 1937
- Launched: February 27, 1938
- Commissioning: December 14, 1938
- Association: 11th destroyer squadron
- Missions: Night battle at Capo Passero, Punta Stilo, second Syrtegefecht
- Where to go: Sunk by US bombers in Palermo on March 1, 1943, lifted, towed to Taranto, but sunk near Capo Spulico.
-
Grenades
- Namesake: Grenadier of the Granatieri di Sardegna
- Ship identification: GN
- Builder: CNR Palermo
- Keel laid: April 5, 1937
- Launched: April 24, 1938
- Commissioning: February 1, 1939
- Association: 13th destroyer squadron
- Missions: escorts, Cape Teulada, Cape Matapan, first Syrtegefecht. Badly damaged in a collision with Corazziere on December 18, 1941 . Damaged by US bombers in Palermo in 1943. On May 2, 1944, battle with German torpedo boats off Albania.
- Where: remained in service with the Italian Navy until July 1958
-
Launch
- Namesake: lancers (in the sense of Ulan ), soldier of a cavalry force
- Ship identification: LN
- Builder: CT Riva Trigoso
- Keel laying: February 1, 1937
- Launched: December 18, 1937
- Commissioning: March 25, 1939
- Association: 12th destroyer squadron
- Missions: Cape Teulada, second Syrtegefecht.
- Where: On March 23, 1942, after the second Syrtegefecht, capsized in a heavy storm and sank
Second series
-
Bomb
- Namesake: Bombardier , member of the artillery
- Ship identification: BR
- Builder: CNR Ancona
- Keel laid: October 7, 1940
- Launched: March 23, 1942
- Commissioning: July 15, 1942
- Association:
- Missions: escort only.
- Location: Sunk on January 17, 1943 by the British submarine HMS United
-
Carrista
- Namesake: Soldier of the tank force , tank gunner
- Ship identification: CR
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laying: September 11, 1941
- Launched: - (bow and stern sections used for repairs by Carabiniere and Velite )
- Commissioning: -
- Association: -
- Calls: -
- Where to?: Captured by Germans as a result of the armistice of September 8, 1943, remained unfinished and was canceled as TA34
-
Corsaro
- Namesake: corsair , pirate
- Ship identification: CA
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laid: January 23, 1941
- Launched: November 16, 1941
- Commissioning: May 16, 1942
- Association: 17th destroyer squadron
- Missions: escort.
- Where to find it: ran into mine on January 9, 1943 and sank
-
Legionario
- Namesake: Legionnaire, soldier of a Roman legion
- Ship identification: LG
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laid: October 21, 1940
- Launched: April 16, 1941
- Commissioning: March 1, 1942
- Association: 7th destroyer squadron
- Missions: Against British vigorous escort in June 1942 with German radar for the first time. Troop transports to Tunisia at the end of 1942.
- Where to ?: Handed over to the Allies in September 1943, to France in August 1948 as a reparation payment. Was called Duchaffault there and went out of service in June 1954.
-
Mitragliere
- Namesake: machine gun shooter
- Ship identification: MT
- Builder: CNR Ancona
- Keel laid: October 7, 1940
- Launched: September 28, 1941
- Commissioning: February 1, 1942
- Association: 13th destroyer squadron
- Missions: escorts, troop transports to Tunisia at the end of 1942.
- Where to go: Interned in Mallorca in September 1943, in 1944 with the Allies, in 1948 as Jurien de la Gravière in France, in June 1954 out of service
-
Squadrista (in July 1943 Corsaro II , in September 1943 TA 33 )
- Namesake: Member of fascist thug groups (until 1924)
- Ship identification: SQ
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laying: September 4, 1941
- Launched: September 12, 1942
- Commissioning: -
- Association: -
- Missions: only test drives, conversion to a radar platform for Freya radar, then a torpedo boat.
- Where to go: Captured by Germans in September 1943 when the TA33 was sunk by US bombers.
-
Velite
- Namesake: Member of the Roman Velites
- Ship identification: VL
- Builder: OTO Livorno
- Keel laying: April 19, 1941
- Launched: August 31, 1941
- Commissioning: August 31, 1942
- Association: 17th destroyer squadron
- Missions: Seriously damaged by torpedo during escort mission on November 21, 1942. Got stern from Carrista as well as Italian radar EC3 / ter Gufo .
- Where: On November 21, 1942, severely damaged by the British submarine HMS Splendid . Handed over to the Allies in September 1943, transferred to France as Duperré in 1948 and decommissioned there in 1961.