Solstices
| Solstices | ||||||||||||
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Vanilla flower ( Heliotropium arborescens ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Heliotropium | ||||||||||||
| L. |
The solstices ( Heliotropium ; Latinization to ancient Greek ἡλιοτρόπιον hēliotrópion for this type of plant) are a genus of plants in the subfamily Heliotropioideae within the family of the predatory plants (Boraginaceae). It contains around 250 species.
description
The solstices are annual or perennial plants . Both herbaceous plants , subshrubs and trees are found. The plants are hairy, rarely rough. The alternate , rarely opposite leaves are finely and softly hairy on both sides, sessile or stalked.
Usually terminal, rarely lateral, many flowers are arranged in coils , the main axis of which is shortened in some species, however, so that an umbel-like inflorescence is formed; in most species, however, the wraps are narrow and long. The white, bluish-white to blue, sometimes yellowish in the throat, have an only short corolla tube and corolla lobes spread out like a wheel. The ovary is, unlike most other predatory plants, undivided and only disintegrates into four partial fruits when ripe. The straight or curved seeds usually have a thin endosperm .
distribution
The genus Heliotropium is distributed worldwide in tropical to temperate zones.
Types (selection)
- Heliotropium amplexicaule Vahl : It is native to southern Bolivia, southern Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay.
- Vanilla flower ( Heliotropium arborescens L. ): The home is Peru.
- Heliotropium curassavicum L .: The home is North and South America as well as Australia
- Heliotropium elongatum Willd. ex Cham. : It was first described from Brazil.
- European solstice ( Heliotropium europaeum L. ): Home is Europe, North Africa, Asia, Australia; in North America it is a neophyte.
- Velvet leaf ( Heliotropium foertherianum Diane & Hilger ): The home is Africa, Asia, Australia and the Pacific
- Heliotropium indicum L .: The home is South America, but it is naturalized worldwide
- Heliotropium pannifolium Burch. ex Hemsl. : She is extinct. The home was the island of St. Helena .
No longer counted in this genus:
- Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk. => Euploca ovalifolia (Forssk.) Diane & Hilger
- Heliotropium tenellum Torr. => Euploca tenella (Torr.) Feuillet & Halse
etymology
Their botanical generic name is synonymous with the German: In Latin , the loan word heliotropium denotes a plant that always follows the course of the sun (the purely Latin name is solstitialis herba ), derived from an ancient Greek word that comes from ἥλιος hēlios , sun ' and τρέπειν trépein 'turn' is composed. The name thus refers to the plant's peculiarity of turning its leaves with the course of the sun.
photos
Heliotropium amplexicaule
Heliotropium curassavicum
Heliotropium elongatum
Velvet leaf ( Heliotropium foertherianum )
Heliotropium indicum
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literature
- Gelin Zhu, Harald Riedl, Rudolf V. Kamelin: Boraginaceae. In: Flora of China. Volume 16, 1995, p. 338: Heliotropium
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm Pape , Max Sengebusch (arrangement): Concise dictionary of the Greek language . 3rd edition, 6th impression. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig 1914 ( zeno.org [accessed on January 21, 2020]).
- ↑ a b c d e f g Heliotropium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
- ^ Karl Ernst Georges : Comprehensive Latin-German concise dictionary . 8th, improved and increased edition. Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1918 ( zeno.org [accessed on January 21, 2020]).
