Sophie Berlinghof

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Sophie Berlinghof (born December 9, 1910 in Handschuhsheim ; † March 18, 2002 in Heidelberg , née Kuhn) was a communist resistance fighter and local politician in Heidelberg. As a student of dentistry, she was expelled from Heidelberg University in 1933 and later arrested. From 1947 to 1956 Berlinghof was a member of the Heidelberg municipal council and also long-time chairwoman of the association of those persecuted by the Nazi regime - the Association of Antifascists (VVN / BdA) in the Heidelberg district association.

Life

Sophie Berlinghof graduated from high school in 1931 and wanted to become a teacher, which at the time was only possible with single tax for unmarried women teachers (i.e. ten percent wage tax surcharge), but not at all for married teachers because of the celibacy of teachers . Since her family did not have a lot of money, she decided to study dentistry at the University of Heidelberg in the same year because of the short duration of her studies .

After she had collected signatures for the list of the Red Student Group in the elections to the student parliament in December 1932 and also signed it herself, there was a public call for a boycott of her parents' milk business. In 1933, she was charged with supporting or membership in the Red group of students along with 27 fellow students expelled and excluded from the "continuation of studies at German universities." She had u. a. Leaflets against the National Socialists distributed and demonstrations organized.

In an interview she said: “When we as young students distributed leaflets before '33, it was always:“ Go home to the kitchen, go home to the stove! ”” After several house searches, she was taken into so-called protective custody.

In 1935 she married Hans Berlinghof, with whom she supported the communist resistance and raised money for the families of imprisoned comrades. In the following years she could no longer find work as a communist , but was drafted into military service in 1943 and refused to work in the armaments industry. She then worked in Alfred Zwintscher's factory, which manufactured pharmaceutical preparations in Heidelberg. In 1945, after the end of the war, Sophie Berlinghof became an assessor for the KPD at the Spruchkammer Heidelberg, but left the Spruchkammer again soon afterwards, since, in her opinion, only fellow travelers and no main offenders were accused there. From 1947 to 1956 she was a member of the Heidelberg municipal council and worked there on the housing, social and welfare committee. Their membership ended with the KPD ban . Because she had signed a leaflet stating that former Nazis were sitting in Adenauer's anteroom, charges of insult were brought against her that same year.

In 1955 her husband died. Since the widow's pension was not enough, Sophie Berlinghof and her sister opened a fruit, vegetable and tropical fruit store on the Tiefburg in Handschuhsheim. The door of their shop was often smeared with Nazi slogans and swastikas. She ran the business until 1983. After the reconstitution of the DKP , Sophie Berlinghof was active in this party, as well as in the VVN . She also carried out "anti-fascist city tours" in Heidelberg and remembered the time of National Socialism in Heidelberg.

literature

  • Michael Buselmeier: Experienced story told 1994 - 1997. Wunderhorn, Heidelberg 2000, ISBN 9783884233696 , pp. 179–194.
  • Petra Nellen: The past is the sister of the future: 800 years of women's city history in Heidelberg. Ubstadt-Weiher 1996, ISBN 3929366258 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ F. Sommer: Anatomy . In: WU Eckart, V. Sellin, E. Wolgast (eds.): The University of Heidelberg in National Socialism . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2006.
  2. ↑ Michael Buselmeier : Experienced story told 1994 - 1997 . Wunderhorn, Heidelberg 2000, pp. 179 - 194.
  3. ↑ University under National Socialism , interview with Sophie Berlinghof, printed in the student newspaper »Schlagloch«, May 1989, No. 8, 3rd year, p. 7.
  4. ↑ 1933–1945 , on uni-heidelberg.de, accessed on May 19, 2020.
  5. ↑ The municipal councilors in the picture: Elections from 1947 to 2014 , on heidelberg.de, accessed on May 19, 2020.
  6. ↑ Michael Buselmeier: Experienced story told 1994 - 1997 . Wunderhorn, Heidelberg 2000, p. 191.
  7. ↑ Michael Buselmeier: Experienced story told 1994 - 1997 . Wunderhorn, Heidelberg 2000, p. 192.
  8. ^ Tanjev Schultz: Professional ban for a teacher with a backbone . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . May 17, 2010 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed May 15, 2020]).
personal data
SURNAME Berlinghof, Sophie
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kuhn, Sophie (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Communist resistance fighter and local politician in Heidelberg
DATE OF BIRTH December 9, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Glove home
DATE OF DEATH March 18, 2002
Place of death Heidelberg , née Kuhn