Spanish battalions of the International Brigades

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In addition to the international battalions , Spanish battalions also fought within the International Brigades .

Well-known Spanish battalions of the International Brigades

Asturias Heredia Battalion

The Asturias Heredia Battalion was part of the XI from November 28, 1936 to December 7, 1936. International Brigade. According to the author Ludwig Renn , the XI. International Brigade after regrouping the following composition:

With the regrouping of the International Brigades on December 4, 1936, the Spanish Asturias-Heredia Battalion became part of the XI. International Brigade with the André Marty Battalion , the Commune de Paris Battalion and the Thälmann Battalion . In the Asturias-Heredia battalion mainly Spanish miners from Asturias served . According to Ludwig Renn, it was one of the best Spanish battalions. At the end of January 1937, due to the losses of the XI. International Brigade before the Battle of Jarama 900 Spaniards integrated into the brigade. The Spaniards were involved by integrating a Spanish platoon into each of the four companies of the three international battalions . After the integration of the Spaniards, the XI. International brigade half Spaniards.

Juan Marco Battalion

The battle of Brunete

The Juan Marco Battalion fought as part of the XIII. International brigades in the Battle of Brunete together with the Chapayev Battalion , the Henri Vuillemin Battalion and the Otumba Battalion. At the beginning of the battle, the battalion advanced with the Otumba battalion on the right of the road from Valdemorillo to Villanueva de la Cañada on Villanueva de la Cañada and the Chapayev battalion with the Henri Vuillemin battalion on the left of the road. The Chapayev battalion with the Henri Vuillemin battalion came only 300 to 400 meters from the nationalist positions, whereupon the attack on the left stalled. In contrast to the other battalions, the Spanish Juan Marco battalion managed to break into nationalist positions. During this attack, Blagoje Paroviĉ appeared to spur his men and lead the attack, whereupon an attack on a bunker began. Paroviĉ was fatally wounded in this attack. The company of the Juan Marco Battalion led by Captain Vicente Asuara managed to penetrate the heavily fortified town with this attack. By the attack of the Chapayev battalion from the cemetery and the attack of the XV. International Brigade , the battalions managed to capture the village of Villanueva de la Cañada.

After the capture of Villanueva de la Cañada by the XIII. and XV. International brigades, the brigadists camped in this village, which gave the fascists the opportunity to fortify the heights of Villanueva de la Cañada. After the failure of the republican offensive, the XIII. International Brigade prepared for the expected counterattack by the nationalists. After five days, Franco's troops began to bombard the lines in front of Villanueva de la Cañadader with massive artillery.

Because of this bombardment over several days, the losses of the XIII. International Brigade two thirds of the crew. Among other things, the brigade commissar and three battalion commissars of the XIII fell. International Brigade. In addition, a dozen company commanders and several commissioners fell. The losses of the Chapayev battalion were so high that the battalion only existed on paper from July 23, 1937.

Pasionaria Battalion

The Pasionaria Battalion was part of the XIII from April 1, 1937 to August 5, 1937 . International Brigade . It was named after the Spanish communist Dolores Ibárruri , known as La Pasionaria . Herbert Moltmann mentions the battalion .

Otumba Battalion

The Otumba Battalion of the CNT was from 27 January 1937 to 5 August 1937 Members of the XIII. International Brigade . According to Hanns Maaßen , the battalion was part of the XIII alongside the Tschapajew battalion . International Brigade.

Domingo Germinal Battalion

The Domingo Germinal battalion was named after the Spanish anarchist propagandist Domingo Germinal , who died on March 12, 1936 in Elche . The XIV International Brigade was restructured by October 1937 . The brigade were the Spanish Domingo Germinal Battalion, the Henri Vuillemin Battalion from the XIII. International Brigade, the Six Février Battalion of the XV. International Brigade , the newly formed Pierre Brachet Battalion , the Ralph Fox Battalion and the Commune de Paris Battalion .

Unknown Spanish battalions of the International Brigades

After the regrouping of the International Brigades before the Battle of Brunete in July 1937, the Garibaldi Battalion formed the XII with two Italian-Spanish battalions. International Brigade.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sebastián Herreros Agüí: The International Brigades in the Spanish war 1936-1939: Flags and Symbols (English; PDF; 6.4 MB), accessed on September 3, 2012
  2. ↑ a b Ludwig Renn : Im Spanischen Krieg , Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin and Weimar, 5th edition 1983, order number 610 912 4, page 130
  3. ^ Hanns Maaßen : Brigada Internacional is our honorary name ... , Röderberg-Verlag GmbH, Frankfurt / Main 1976, ISBN 3-87682-515-6 , page 176
  4. ↑ Hanns Maaßen : Brigada Internacional is our honorary name ... , Röderberg-Verlag GmbH, Frankfurt / Main 1976, ISBN 3-87682-515-6 , page 448
  5. ^ Hanns Maaßen : Die Söhne des Tschapajew , Verlag des Ministry of National Defense, Berlin 1960, pages 401, 402, 405 and 410
  6. ↑ Hanns Maaßen : Brigada Internacional is our honorary name ... , Röderberg-Verlag GmbH, Frankfurt / Main 1976, ISBN 3-87682-515-6 , page 358
  7. ↑ Hanns Maaßen: Die Söhne des Tschapajew , Verlag des Ministry for National Defense, Berlin 1960, pages 137, 142 and 214
  8. ^ Hanns Maaßen: Die Söhne des Tschapajew , Verlag des Ministry for National Defense, Berlin 1960, pages 214, 216 and 219
  9. ↑ Domingo Miguel González "Germinal" (Spanish), accessed January 26, 2014
  10. ^ Battalions and Brigades , accessed January 20, 2014