XIII. International Brigade

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Flag of the Interbrigades

The XIII. International Brigade , later called "Dąbrowski Brigade", fought for the Second Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil War as a brigade of the International Brigades . The XIII. International Brigade was formed a total of six times.

First formation

Monument to the members of the XIII. International Brigade at Powązki Cemetery

The XIII. International Brigade was formed in Albacete , the headquarters of the International Brigades, in December 1936. During the formation, the XIII. International Brigade has the following structure:

1.º Louise-Michel-Bataillon (French)
2.º Tschapajew-Bataillon (mainly German and Polish)
3.º Henri-Vuillemin-Bataillon (French)
4.º Juan-Marco-Bataillon (Spanish)

1.º artillery battery " Ernst Thälmann "
2.º artillery battery " Karl Liebknecht "
3.º artillery battery " Antonio Gramsci "

Second formation

Due to heavy losses in a relief offensive near Teruel from December 1936 to the end of January 1937, the two French battalions, the Louise Michel battalion and the Henri Vuillemin battalion , were merged. In addition, the brigade lost all of its artillery batteries in the fighting near Teruel. In addition, another Spanish battalion was incorporated into the XIII. International Brigade. After the reorganization, the XIII. International Brigade has the following structure:

Before the fighting in the province of Cordoba in April 1937, the XIII was reinforced. International Brigade by two artillery batteries and one armored unit.

During the Battle of Brunete , the battalions of the XIII mutinied. International Brigade due to the extremely high losses of up to two thirds of the brigadists. In addition, the XIII. International brigade so decimated that the brigade only existed on paper, so that the brigade's battalions were disbanded.

Third formation

The brigade was reorganized on August 4, 1937. It now consisted of the following battalions:

The XIII. International Brigade was now also known as the "Dąbrowski Brigade".

Fourth formation

According to a list from 1938, the XIII. International Brigade from the following battalions:

1.º Dąbrowski Battalion (primarily Polish)
2.º Mickiewicz Battalion (primarily Polish)
3.º Tschapajew Battalion (primarily German and Polish) (primarily German and Polish)
4.º Rákosi Battalion (Hungarian and Spanish)

The XIII. International Brigade was disbanded on September 23, 1938 by decision of the Spanish Central Government, together with the other brigades of the International Brigades.

Fifth formation

The XIII. Brigade was re-formed with Spanish conscription on October 1, 1938 in Monredón .

Sixth formation

Mid-January 1939 asked in Palafrugell former brigade members of the XIII. International Brigades for permission to fight again for the Second Spanish Republic . On January 23, the formation of the XIII took place for the last time. International Brigade. The brigade only consisted of the following battalions:

1st Dąbrowski Battalion (mainly Polish)
2nd Rákosi Battalion (Hungarian and Spanish)

Important representatives of the brigade

Commanders
Chiefs of Staff

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hanns Maaßen: Brigada Internacional is our honorary name ... , Röderberg-Verlag GmbH, Frankfurt / Main 1976, ISBN 3-87682-515-6 , page 223
  2. ↑ a b source wikies "XIII Brigada Internacional"
  3. ^ Structure of the XIII. International Brigade , accessed December 20, 2014
  4. ↑ Source forms a contradiction with the following source: Hanns Maaßen Die Söhne des Tschapajew , Verlag des Ministry of National Defense, Berlin 1960, page 411