Teruel

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Teruel municipality
Teruel - city view
Teruel - city view
coat of arms Map of Spain
Teruel coat of arms
Teruel (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : AragonAragon Aragon
Province : Teruel
Comarca : Comunidad de Teruel
Coordinates 40 ° 21 ′  N , 1 ° 6 ′  W Coordinates: 40 ° 21 ′  N , 1 ° 6 ′  W
Height : 915  msnm
Area : 440.41 km²
Residents : 35,890 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density : 81.49 inhabitants / km²
Founding: 1171
Postal code : 44001
Municipality number  ( INE ): 44216
administration
Website : Teruel

Teruel has 35,890 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019) and is the capital of the province of the same name in the autonomous region of Aragon in the eastern center of Spain . The unique ensemble of Mudejar architecture in Teruel was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986 . The city is on the Camino del Cid .

Location and climate

Teruel is located at the confluence of the Río Guadalaviar and the Río Alfambra ; after that the river is called Turia . The city lies at an altitude of approx. 915 to 930  m and is a good 300 km (driving distance) in an easterly direction from Madrid . The climate is temperate to warm; Rain (approx. 415 mm / year) falls over the year.

Population development

year 1857 1900 1950 2000 2017
Residents 9,509 10,797 18,745 30,491 35,484

The mechanization of agriculture as well as the abandonment of small farms and the resulting loss of jobs have led to rural exodus and a significant population growth in the city since the beginning of the 19th century . In the 1970s, several places in the surrounding area (Aldehuela , Campillo , Castralvo , Caudé , Tortajada , Valdecebros and Villalba Baja) were incorporated.

economy

Teruel was and is the mercantile, craft and service center of a large number of predominantly agricultural villages and communities in the surrounding area. In the past, the mining of coal and alumina also played a certain role; There are several power plants in the area . Tourism only plays a subordinate role.

The Teruel Airport is due to its favorable rental costs and favorable climatic conditions, a highly demanded location for parking temporarily unneeded aircraft. The dismantling of aircraft that are ultimately no longer needed and that have become uneconomical, the sale and dispatch of spare parts and the scrapping of dismantled aircraft can also be found in the vicinity of the airport.

history

The area around Teruel has been inhabited since the times of the Iberians and was later occupied by the Romans ; The place names Turba and Turboleta have been handed down from this time . No traces of the Visigoths have survived. In the 8th century the Arab-Moorish armies advanced far to the north of the Iberian Peninsula . The region became Christian in 1171, probably under King Alfonso II . For his participation in several wars between the kingdoms of Castile and Aragón , Teruel received city ​​rights in 1347 .

During the Spanish Civil War , in which Teruel was also fiercely fought ( Battle of Teruel ), u. a. International Brigades brought in from Barcelona into the fighting. The city changed hands several times, which practically completely destroyed it, until General José Enrique Varela conquered it from the Río Alfambra. In the battle of Teruel was the German Junkers Ju-87 - Sturzkampfflugzeug first used. After the final conquest by Franco's troops on February 22, 1938 , the Condor Legion also used the airfield located north in Caudé for a short time .

Attractions

Teruel - Mudejar tower of the Church of San Martín

In addition to the Mudejar buildings, which include the Cathedral of Santa Maria and the El Salvador, San Martín and San Pedro towers, the Los amantes de Teruel mausoleum and the Dinópolis palaeontological center with a diverse fauna are among the tourist attractions.

On July 7th, Teruel's patronage festival is celebrated annually with characteristic music (charanges), nocturnal dances and bulls that are driven through the city center. Teruel is famous for its air-dried ham, its jamón serrano .

There is a large power station near Teruel , the chimney of which is one of the tallest structures in Europe.

An aircraft graveyard has been located on the A-23, approx. 10 km northwest of Teruel, since 2013 . The parking areas at Aeropuerto Teruel are used for temporarily decommissioned or scrapped aircraft.

sons and daughters of the town

Web links

Commons : Teruel  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. ↑ Teruel - climate tables
  3. ↑ Teruel - population development
  4. ↑ Report in the ARD Tagesthemen from June 21, 2020
  5. ↑ Teruel - History