Calamocha

Calamocha
coat of arms	Map of Spain
Basic data
Autonomous Community :	Aragon
Province :	Teruel
Coordinates	40 ° 55 ′  N , 1 ° 18 ′  W Coordinates: 40 ° 55 ′  N , 1 ° 18 ′  W
Height :	884  msnm
Area :	316.63 km²
Residents :	4,339 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density :	13.7 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	44200
Municipality number  ( INE ):	44050

Calamocha is a Spanish municipality in the province of Teruel , which belongs to the autonomous region of Aragon . It is the capital of the comarca (district) Jiloca and is located about 75 kilometers north of the provincial capital Teruel directly on the A-23 motorway, the Autovia de Mudejar .

history

Calamochas Roman Bridge

Calamocha is located on the old Roman road between Saragossa and Córdoba . The well-preserved Roman bridge over the Jiloca dates from this period.

Later, the Moors shaped the area around the first Calatmussa (from Castillo de Muza ) for eight centuries . Among other things, they left behind a complex irrigation system.

The famous freedom fighter El Cid temporarily moved here. King Alfonso I of Aragon conquered the area for the Christians back after 1123 and settled here deserving subjects from Navarre and Gascony . In 1222, King James I ("the Conqueror") met Pedro de Ahones here, who subsequently drove the expansion of Aragon towards the Mediterranean for the young monarch .

During the War of the Spanish Succession there was a battle here on December 16, 1706, which the "Carlist", the troops of Archduke Charles , won.

Aeródromo de Calamocha

On the right the former main building, 2011

An airfield opened on June 23, 1929 was located on the south-eastern edge of the community, directly on the A-23 motorway, which now passes there. In the winter of 1937/1938 during the civil war , Calamocha was in the territory of the country controlled by Franco . From the middle of December, Calamocha was a main deployment site for the German Condor Legion . Here were u. a. Parts of Jagdgruppe 88 (J / 88), which included three hunting squadrons equipped with Heinkel He 51 and Bf-109 . At that time, the first type was mostly only used as a fighter-bomber. In addition, there was another squadron, which was equipped with three copies of the Ju-87 . The first combat missions of the “Stukas” were flown from Calamocha. During the start of the Aragon offensive , the Condor Legion initially flew farther from Calamocha and the 15 km west of the airfield in Bello, but during the advance of the Spanish Nationalists, the units were relocated further east.

Web links

Commons : Calamocha  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Community website
• Aeródromo de Calamocha

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).