Spanish iris
| Spanish iris | ||||||||||||
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Spanish iris |
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| Iris xiphium | ||||||||||||
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The Spanish iris or Spanish iris ( Iris xiphium ) is a species of plant from the family of the iridaceae .
description
The species can reach a stature height of up to 75 centimeters. The bulb is elongated in shape, protected by a thin shell and rootless during the rest period. The blue-green leaves are narrow, lanceolate and runny and grow as early as autumn.
The occasionally branched flower stalk is firm; the inflorescence bears one or two flowers . The flower color can vary widely and ranges from the frequent violet to blue, yellow and bronze colors , white also occurs. The yellow spot that always appears on the hanging petals is striking.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 34, less often 28.
distribution
It is native to the Iberian Peninsula , southern France and North Africa, where it inhabits dry locations.
Systematics
The first description by Carl von Linné was published in 1753. The Spanish iris is the eponymous species of the subgenus Xiphium , which was sometimes also viewed as a separate genus Xiphium by individual authors . There the species was called Xiphium vulgare . However, this view could not prevail.
use
The Spanish iris is often used for breeding cultivated hybrids because of its impressive coloring and is the parent species of the Iris hispanica and Iris hollandica hybrids. However, the wild species is of little importance as a garden plant, mainly because of its lack of winter hardiness.
literature
Much of the information in this article has been obtained from the following sources:
- Simon, Jelitto, Schacht: Die Freiland - Schmuckstauden , Vol. 2, S. 516, 2002, ISBN 3-800163-78-0
- Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica , p. 481, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5
Web links
Single references
- ^ Tropicos. [1]
- ↑ Sp. Pl. 1:40. 1753; see entry at GRIN Taxonomy for Plants .