Estates theater
The Estates Theater ( Czech Stavovské divadlo ) is a theater in Prague . It is located at Ovocný trh (Fruit Market) in Prague's Old Town . Originally the theater was named Gräflich Nostitzsches National Theater ( Národní divadlo hraběte Nostice , or Nosticovo divadlo ) in honor of its builder .
The theater went down in music history with the world premiere of the two operas Don Giovanni (1787) and La clemenza di Tito (1791) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart .
history
The house was built by Anton Haffenecker for Franz Anton Graf von Nostitz-Rieneck from 1781 to 1783 as a national theater and opened in 1783 with a performance of Lessing's Emilia Galotti . In 1798 the Bohemian Estates ( Parliament of Landowners) bought the house and renamed it the Royal Estates Theater ( Královské Stavovské Divadlo ). Between 1813 and 1816 Carl Maria von Weber was the opera director of the Estates Theater. From the last decades of the 18th century until 1862, the German and Czech ensembles played in the same house.
In 1834 the play Fidlovačka by Josef Kajetán Tyl was premiered in the theater . In this piece a song called Kde domov můj was played, after which the whole audience stood up and applauded for minutes. This song later became the Czech national anthem . In 1859 the theater was extended by one floor.
In 1862 the Czech ensemble received its own house, the National Theater (Národní divadlo) , so that only the German ensemble remained in the Estates Theater. Therefore, only German-language performances took place, and the house was accordingly renamed the Royal German State Theater . Directors at this time were Johann August Stöger and Franz Thomé .
In 1920, in November, shortly after the creation of Czechoslovakia , the Estates Theater was taken away from the German ensemble despite an existing contract. The theater was again called Stavovské Divadlo ("Estates Theater") and mainly served Czech-language drama performances by the National Theater company.
In 1948 it was named after the Czech playwright Josef Kajetán Tyl Tylovo divadlo , until it reverted to the old name Stavovské Divadlo in 1990 . The house was restored between 1982 and 1990.
The theater is currently used for drama performances by the National Theater. Traditionally - in commemoration of the world premieres - Mozart's operas are also performed in the Estates Theater. After the renovation, the theater has 664 seats and 20 to 40 standing places.
World premieres in the Estates Theater
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : Don Giovanni (October 29, 1787)
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: La clemenza di Tito (September 6, 1791)
- Louis Spohr : Faust (1st version; September 1, 1816)
- Conradin Kreutzer : Orestes (May 6, 1818)
- Conradin Kreutzer: The Virgin (November 9, 1831)
- Conradin Kreutzer: The Porter on the Thames (February 16, 1832)
literature
- Zdeňka Benešová: The Estates Theater Prague. Past and present . Národní Divadlo, Prague 2000, ISBN 80-902183-8-5 .
- Harald Salfellner: Mozart and Prague . Vitalis, Prague 2006, ISBN 3-89919-076-9 .
- Dierk O. Hoffmann: 1920 Czech nationalists occupy the German Landestheater / Ständetheater in Prague. In: Sander L. Gilman , Jack Zipes (ed.): Yale companion to Jewish writing and thought in German culture 1096-1996. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1997, pp. 390-394
Web links
- Národní divadlo ('National Theater')
- The theater on postcards
Coordinates: 50 ° 5 ′ 10 " N , 14 ° 25 ′ 26.2" E