St. Marien (Roßlau)

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Saint Mary's Church

The St. Mary's Church , the Protestant City Church of today to the city of Dessau belonging district Roßlau in Saxony-Anhalt . It is located north of the market square.

Architecture and history

The first Marienkirche near the market was mentioned in a document as early as 1316. This first church burned down on April 25, 1626 during the battle for the Roßlauer Schanze. Church elder Nikolaus Hoppe collected money for reconstruction in many Protestant countries. The permission to rebuild was given on March 21, 1651 by Prince Johann von Anhalt-Zerbst . In the years 1655/1656 the construction of this second church could take place. Field stones were used as building material, the church tower was partly built in half-timbered construction . The walls that were still standing were used. The masonry work was carried out by master bricklayer George Strasburger , the carpentry work by Zerbst carpenter Michael Zilliger . In 1656 a tower clock was acquired in Zerbst . Due to the growing population, a choir was added to the church in 1753/1754, and the side walls were raised at the same time. In the course of industrialization, the population increased further in the 19th century, so that the church again proved to be too small. In May 1849, a church building commission was set up and building councilor Conrad Hengst was entrusted with the design planning. Four variants were examined and ultimately a new building was decided.

Today's hall church was built from brick in the neo-Gothic style between 1851 and 1854, based on designs by Conrad Hengst . The construction work was the responsibility of the master bricklayer Heinrich Schmidt . The foundation stone was laid on September 15, 1851 in the presence of Duke Leopold Friedrich . The new building was built on a cross-shaped floor plan. To the west of the nave is a slender, 47 meter high church tower with a square floor plan. There are small extensions to the north and south of the tower. The ship has three two-part lancet windows on the north and south sides, with the transept to the east . On the east side there is a choir which is drawn into the nave and has a five-eighth end to the east . The choir is characterized by five slender, pointed arches with tracery .

The interior of the church is spanned by a mirror vault. A horseshoe gallery extends to the west wall of the choir. The furnishing of the spacious interior is almost entirely neo-Gothic.

The inauguration took place on September 24, 1854. During the construction period, the services were held in the palace hall.

In 1881, the Roßlauer company Gebrüder Sachsenberg installed a canal heating system. For this purpose, a coal room and a boiler room were built on the back wall of the nave. The heater was replaced in 1907 by a low-pressure steam heater from the Meyer company in Berlin . In 1897 the sacristy was added .

The Dessau master painter Korn painted the interior of the church in 1909. Other details give the 1920s as the time of painting.

The painting was renewed in 1992/1993. In 2001 the church received a transmission system with an induction loop for the hearing impaired. In November / December 2004 a handicapped accessible toilet and in January 2005 a wheelchair accessible entrance was established. The church tower was then refurbished, which was completed in spring 2007.

Furnishing

Several pieces from the previous buildings are of an older date, including two oil paintings in the church. One of the paintings dates back to the second quarter of the 16th century and shows Martin Luther . The other represents Paul Gerhardt and was created in the middle of the 17th century. A font from 1668 stands west of the church. One of the bronze bells is much older. It shows the very old bell shape of the beehive. It is thought to have originated in the first half of the 12th century. Another bronze bell was cast by Johann Grete in Magdeburg in 1695 . Another bell was cast in 1952 and is a replacement for a bell from 1495 that had to be given up during World War II . The new bell bears the inscription of the old bell.

A former altar painting is now in the south transept. The picture depicts the Ascension of Christ and was painted in 1915 by the wife of the Roßlau forester Friedrich von Hellfeld .

The altar cross is a foundation on the occasion of the inauguration in 1854. In 1911 the Sachsenberg brothers donated another cross, which is now in the community's cemetery chapel. Also in 1911, Georg and Hedwig Sachsenberg donated the brass altar candlesticks.

The organ of the church was built in 1853/1854 by organ builder Wilhelm Hoff from Dessau with originally 19 voices and has a neo-Gothic organ front . In the area of ​​the organ, as on the altar, there is a representation of the Anhalt coat of arms. After an overhaul in 1902/1903 by the organ building company Fleischer & Kindermann , the organ comprises two nine-part manuals and a seven-part pedal . Further repairs took place in 1931 and 1994. There was also an organ in the previous building from the end of the 17th century, which was repaired in 1808 by the organ builder Franke from Zerbst.

literature

Web links

Commons : Stadtkirche St. Marien Roßlau (Dessau-Roßlau)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information on the St. Mary's Church
  2. ^ Dehio, Handbook of German Art Monuments , Saxony-Anhalt II, Dessau and Halle administrative districts. Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich / Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-422-03065-4 , p. 728.

Coordinates: 51 ° 53 ′ 18.2 ″  N , 12 ° 15 ′ 1.5 ″  E