Rosslau (Elbe)

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Rosslau (Elbe)
Coordinates: 51 ° 53 ′ 24 ″  N , 12 ° 14 ′ 36 ″  E
Height : 69 m above sea level NHN
Area : 61.8 km²
Residents : 13,849  (2006)
Population density : 224 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 2007
Postal code : 06862
Area code : 034901
town hall
town hall
Ev. St. Mary's Church
Catholic Church of the Heart of Jesus
Eccentric paddle wheel on Luchplatz, built in the Roßlau shipyard

Roßlau (Elbe) is a district of the city of Dessau-Roßlau and was an independent city in the state of Saxony-Anhalt ( Germany ) until June 30, 2007 . It belonged to the district of Anhalt-Zerbst . By passed by Parliament of Saxony-Anhalt on 6 October 2005 municipal reorganization law Roßlau has been with the city of Dessau on 1 July 2007 the city Dessau merged .

geography

Roßlau is located on the Elbe and about 55 km southeast of the state capital Magdeburg and 120 km southwest of the federal capital Berlin. The Rossel flows through Roßlau .

The districts of Natho, Meinsdorf , Mühlstedt and Streetz belonged to Roßlau .

history

In 1215 the place was first mentioned as "Rozelowe", in 1359 "Dat borchlen zu Rozlau" appeared. The name is of Dutch origin and indicates the establishment and settlement of Roßlaus by residents of the Dutch town of Reusel (and the surrounding area) in Noord-Brabant .

The first bridge over the Elbe was built in 1583; just 20 years later, the town was granted market and town rights. At this Elbbrücke found in 1626 during the Thirty Years' War , the Battle of Dessau instead. A few years later, in 1631, the bridge was destroyed. Six years later, imperial soldiers burned the city down; In 1717 the city burned again. In 1740 the town hall and castle were built. 1765–1767 Roßlau was the starting point for colonist trains that the Russian Tsarina Katharina the Great (a Princess of Anhalt-Zerbster ) had called to her country. In 1806 the Elbe bridge burned again, set on fire by fleeing Prussians. 1836–1838 Duke Heinrich von Anhalt-Köthen had the dilapidated medieval castle extensively renewed in the neo-Gothic-romantic zeitgeist.

In the city there are several testimonies of the late classicist architecture of the Roßlau master builder Gottfried Bandhauer .

In 1841 Roßlau was connected to the rail network of the Berlin-Anhalt Railway . In the second half of the 19th century factories, newspapers and shipyards were founded, and the industrialization of the city of Roßlau was significantly influenced by the Sachsenberg works . In 1907 a tram line was put into operation between Dessau and Roßlau, but after the destruction of Dessau on March 7, 1945, it was closed and never re-established.

In autumn 1933, the Nazi government in Anhalt set up one of the early concentration camps in the former Volkshaus at Hauptstrasse 51 , in which mainly KPD and SPD members were imprisoned and harassed. In the summer of 1934, the Roßlau concentration camp was closed. The inmates came to the Lichtenburg concentration camp .

The city of Roßlau (Elbe) was incorporated into the city of Dessau from April 1, 1935 to April 1, 1946 in order to help Dessau as the district capital to the required population of at least 100,000. In 1952, the district of Roßlau was formed from the eastern part of the district of Zerbst , and Roßlau became a district town. The city lost this status on July 1, 1994 with the formation of the Anhalt-Zerbst district.

The Elbe flood in 2002 caused numerous damage to the city. It clearly exceeded the Elbe flood in 1845 .

Population development

coat of arms

Blazon : “In silver on blue waves, a red sailing ship moving to the left, on whose golden sail an upright, left-turning, silver-crowned and red-armored black bear stands with an ax turned away in both front paws; the red top of the mast is pinned with a blue carp; on the bow the city flag in blue over silver. "

Attractions

Roßlau Castle
Oil mill
Shipbuilding and Maritime Museum
Elbe-Rossel-Halle
European village

Memorials

traffic

Rail transport

Road and rail bridge over the Elbe

As early as 1841, the Berlin-Anhaltische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft built a first station building in Roßlau when building its main line from Berlin via Wittenberg and Dessau to Köthen. The route was officially opened on August 17, 1841.

Later Roßlau developed into a hub in the railway network. This is where the Trebnitz – Leipzig , Roßlau – Falkenberg / Elster and Wiesenburg – Roßlau railway lines meet. Immediately south of the Roßlau train station is the railway bridge over the Elbe . The formerly important freight station is now largely fallow. A comprehensive renovation is currently taking place, including a fundamental renovation of the track and overhead line systems of the Roßlau / Dessau railway traffic junction and thus also the systems in Roßlau. The station's track plan is to be simplified and an electronic signal box is to be built. Two new side platforms are being built at Roßlau station .

Today the Roßlau (Elbe) station is served by regional express trains and regional trains on the Magdeburg – Dessau – Leipzig, Dessau – Lutherstadt Wittenberg and Berlin – Dessau lines. Its station building was auctioned in April 2013. Until the reorganization of the merged city of Dessau-Roßlau, the Meinsdorf stop on the railway line towards Falkenberg / Elster also belonged to Roßlau, regional trains on the Lutherstadt Wittenberg – Dessau line stop here.

Road traffic

The federal highways 184 and 187 as well as the state road 120 run through Roßlau . The B 184 leads here on a road bridge over the Elbe . The Autobahn 9 can be reached around 12 kilometers to the east via the Coswig junction.

Shipping

The port of Roßlau is located on the Elbe and is used for cargo handling. It is connected to the road and rail network.

Former garrison

In the 1930s, Roßlau received a garrison when the Wehrmacht was rearmed , when a pioneer training area with a pioneer school, warehouse and park as well as two barracks ( Semendria and Sturmbataillon-Rohr barracks on Meinsdorfer Strasse and Ölpfuhlallee) were built. The facilities were occupied by the Soviet troops after 1945 . The 7th Guards Panzer Division was stationed there last, which withdrew in 1990/91 and thus before the withdrawal agreement came into force .

This military area was demolished by 2004.

sons and daughters of the town

Memorial plaque on the house where Richard Paulick was born

Web links

Commons : Roßlau  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2007
  2. ^ Peter Bley: 150 Years of the Berlin-Anhalt Railway . alba, Düsseldorf 1990, ISBN 3-87094-340-8 .
  3. ↑ Second stage of the modernization of the Roßlau / Dessau railway junction begins. Deutsche Bahn AG, April 27, 2012, archived from the original on February 24, 2013 ; Retrieved December 3, 2012 .
  4. ↑ Roßlaus Bahnhof auctioned for 16,000 euros. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung , accessed April 6, 2013 .
  5. ↑ The pioneer training area in Roßlau. Military History Museum Anhalt, accessed on October 10, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Calendar sheet Roßlau February. City of Roßlau (Elbe), accessed on October 16, 2017 .