Elbe bridge Roßlau (street)

Elbe bridge Roßlau
Convicted	Bundesstrasse 184
Subjugated	Elbe , km 257.65; Rossel
place	Dessau-Rosslau
construction	Steel girder bridge
overall length	287.3 m
width	16.1 m
Longest span	88.4 m
Construction height	2.6 m
completion	1960
	location

51.880833333333 12.239444444444Coordinates: 51 ° 52 ′ 51 ″ N , 12 ° 14 ′ 22 ″ E

The Elbe bridge Roßlau is a 287 m long road bridge that spans the Elbe in Roßlau at river kilometer 257.65 and the Rossel just before its confluence. The structure is on the federal highway 184 , which connects Leipzig with Magdeburg .

Bridge from 1583

Engraving depicting the Battle of the Bridge

Dessau emerged as a trading center west of the Mulde at a crossroads of a trade route running in an east-west direction, where a bridge over the Mulde and a mill have been mentioned in documents since 1180. The first fixed Elbe crossing, of which remains of piles were found and of which a contemporary drawing exists, was inaugurated on December 24, 1583. The building was initiated by Prince Joachim Ernst zu Anhalt , and the brothers Peter and Bernhard Niuron planned it. The approximately 300 m long wooden bridge had twelve openings which were spanned with truss structures spanning up to 21 m . The pillars of the approximately 9 m wide bridge consisted of rammed wooden pile groups. In the middle of the bridge there was a drawbridge with a bridge house and the ends of the bridge were secured with gates. The construction costs amounted to 5305 thalers. Just three years later, the total income from the bridge toll was greater than the construction costs.

During the Thirty Years' War , the Battle of Dessau took place at the bridge on April 25, 1626 , and ended with a victory for the imperial army under Wallenstein . Five years later, on May 20, 1631, the bridge was set on fire and destroyed by Captain Niederum on the orders of the commander of the imperial troops, Tilly .

Bridge from 1739

After a yaw ferry was put into operation in 1682 in place of the destroyed bridge , which was replaced by a pontoon bridge around 1735 , a wooden bridge was built again in 1739 under the reign of Prince Leopold I. The structure had 12 or 13 openings with lengths of 14 m to 22 m. The pillars consisted of three rows of wooden stakes. During the Seven Years' War the bridge was partially dismantled in 1759. Finally, on March 4, 1784, a flood with heavy ice drifts destroyed the second bridge construction (cf. flood 1784 ).

Bridge from 1787

Construction of the third Elbe bridge began on March 2, 1787. The construction was completed in November and the construction costs amounted to 80,000 thalers. The wooden structure had nine or ten openings with lengths of 22 m. In 1789 the Elbe Customs House was built on the southern bank of the Elbe according to plans by Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff . After the lost battle near Jena and Auerstedt , the wooden bridge was burned down on October 18, 1806 by fleeing Prussian troops.

Bridge from 1836

In 1813, a ferry was put back into service in place of the destroyed bridge. Pending repairs to the ferry and large quantities of storm wood from a hurricane on December 18, 1833 prompted Duke Leopold Friedrich von Anhalt-Dessau to commission a new bridge. In the spring of 1835, the construction of the fourth bridge began under the direction of the builder Heinrich Friedrich Vieth. On December 9, 1836, the structure between the two current bridges ( 51 ° 52 ′ 53 ″ N , 12 ° 14 ′ 13 ″ E ) was inaugurated. It was a 216 m long and about 8.5 m wide wooden structure with four stone pillars and five openings, which had clear widths of 39.25 m. The pillar foundation consisted of wooden post gratings. In the individual bridge fields, wooden arch bridges were arranged, which were designed according to construction principles by Carl Friedrich von Wiebeking . The wooden trusses were boarded in such a way that the impression of a stone vaulted bridge was created. From 1841 to 1886 the structure was also used as a railway bridge over the Elbe ; between 1907 and 1945 a tram route from Dessau to Roßlau ran over the structure. 51.881388888889 12.236944444444

On the night of March 1 and 2, 1945, a fire, presumably caused by flying sparks from a steam locomotive, destroyed the more than 100-year-old wooden road bridge. A makeshift bridge, the superstructure of which consisted of seven arched hall girders in each opening, served road traffic until 1960.

Bridge from 1960

The road bridge is designed for three lanes, sidewalks on both sides and a cycle path downstream. The new building was opened to traffic upstream in a modified road route on October 7, 1960. The smallest passage height at the highest navigable water level is 5.55 m, which makes the structure one of the lowest bridges over the Elbe.

Renovation work 2010/11

construction

The structure is a 287.3 m long steel bridge with four openings. In the longitudinal direction, the continuous beam is the building system. The span of the girder bridge in the southern edge field is 66.3 m, followed by the current fields with 88.4 m and 72.93 m and the northern edge field with 59.67 m. In the transverse direction there is a two-cell, 2.6 m high steel box girder as a structural system. This has a 16.1 m wide orthotropic deck and a 10.0 m wide floor slab.

During the construction work, one half of the fully welded superstructure was assembled on an abutment, rolled up over auxiliary supports and welded together in the middle of the bridge at the final joint.

Between 1991 and 1992, extensive repairs were carried out, in particular including corrosion protection. The bridge's roadway received a de-icing agent spray system .

literature

Erich Fiedler: Road bridges over the Elbe. A representation of the historical development of these bridges. Saxoprint, Dresden 2005, ISBN 3-9808879-6-0 .
Hans Pottgießer: Railway bridges from two centuries . Birkhäuser Verlag Basel 1985, ISBN 3-7643-1677-2 .

Web links

Commons : Elbebrücke Roßlau - Collection of pictures

Individual evidence

upstream	Bridges over the Elbe	downstream
Vockerode Elbe Bridge	Elbe bridge Roßlau (street)	Elbe bridge Roßlau (railway)

[1] Dresden Waterways and Shipping Office

[2] Oda Michael: The master craftsman family Bernhard, Peter and Franz Niuron: their work in Silesia, Brandenburg, Saxony and in the Principality of Anhalt in the mirror of historical sources , p. 53

[3] Helmut Hilz: Carl Friedrich von Wiebeking - An early representative of modern civil engineering . In: Deutsche Bauzeitung , issue 8/04, pp. 74–78 (PDF; 166 kB)