Tram Dessau

Tram Dessau
NGT 303 at the museum intersection
Basic information
Country	Germany
city	Dessau-Rosslau
opening	November 15, 1894
operator	DVG
Infrastructure
Route length	12.5 km
Gauge	1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Power system	750 volts = overhead line
Stops	29
Depots	1
business
Lines	2
Line length	18 km
Clock in the peak hours	15 minutes
Clock in the SVZ	30 minutes
vehicles	10 NGT6DE
statistics
Passengers	4.34 million per year
Residents in the catchment area	77 thousand
Employee	78
Route network plan, as of 2018

The Dessau tram is the main public transport system in the city of Dessau-Roßlau . It has been in service since 1894 and, following closure plans in the 1970s, has been expanded and modernized since 1987, so that today (2017) modern low-floor vehicles operate on a route network of 12.5 kilometers in length . The tram network is standard gauge and is operated today by the Dessauer Verkehrsgesellschaft (DVG).

history

Dessau Tram Company (1894–1950)

Share of more than 1,000 marks in the Dessau Tram Company on June 22, 1900

On November 15, 1894, the gas engine railway was opened in Dessau . The first line was operated between the post office, museum and cemetery, where the depot was also located. In 1895 the line was extended to the main train station and the sugar refinery on the railway line to Bitterfeld . Due to the explosions of two gas locomotives, a switch to electrical operation was advocated as early as 1899. The gas-powered railroad was discontinued on March 24, 1901.

On March 26, 1901, electrical operation could be started on the railway extended to the Elbhaus. On March 28, 1907, the line to Roßlau was put into operation. Since further tram routes would not have been financially viable, a constantly running bus was opened in 1926.

In the early 1940s, the tram route network was extended further south. From Cemetery III it went in 1941 to Innsbrucker Straße, where a new car hall was built. In 1943 it was extended to Peterholzstrasse. During the Second World War , both the city and the tram were badly hit.

A few days after the surrender, the first stretch could be driven again. The tracks of the Roßlauer line were dismantled and reused in the city center. At the end of 1946, two lines ran again on the city network. In 1949 the route was extended from Peterholzstraße to the Tempelhofer Straße loop.

VEB Dessauer Verkehrsbetriebe (1951–1990)

In 1951 a concept was presented to shut down the Dessau tram and switch to trolleybus operation. Despite modern Gotha two-axle vehicles, line 3 for fermentation chemistry was discontinued in 1967 and the line dismantled in 1971. From 1972 to 1974 line 2 to the Rosenhof was gradually discontinued. In 1973 the medium-term maintenance of Line 1 between the train station and Dessau-Süd was assured, as there was a high number of passengers here, which was covered with a four-minute cycle during rush hour. In the long term, the entire city area should only be served by buses.

In 1980 the Dessau city administration rethought: With a new local transport plan for the city, the construction of three new tram routes was planned:

• Central station - wagon construction
• Museum - Fermentation Chemistry - Junkalor - Zoberberg residential area
• Friedhof - residential area Kreuzbergstrasse

The GT8 No. 003 sold in 2019

The Kreuzberg line was built in 1987 and the Zoberberg line from 2000 to 2002. The bus is still used to build wagons today. On May 1, 1987, the line to Kreuzbergstrasse was put into operation. Wagons from the Schwerin tram were taken over especially for the additional car requirements . Shortly before the fall of the Wall, there was talk of getting used Gotha articulated trains from the Leipzig tram . However, German reunification prevented these plans.

Dessau Transport Company (since 1990)

From 1990 to 1995, with the exception of the Kreuzberg line, the entire tram network was modernized, refurbished and relocated to its own tracks or the tracks were demarcated. On March 23, 1998, the bus and tram depot on Erich-Köckert-Straße went into operation. At the same time, the financing contract for the tram project to Dessau-West was signed. This envisaged the construction of a new 6.1 kilometer stretch to the Zoberberg residential area. The first section of 3.1 kilometers in length up to the Kleine Schaftrift in the Alten district went into operation on October 31, 2000. It was operated by lines 2 and 3, which ran from Kreuzbergstrasse and the main train station, respectively. Line 2 was discontinued after a short time. The 2.7-kilometer section to the Zoberberg followed on July 7, 2002. The newly established line 3 took over the service. The length of the route network thus almost doubled to 12.9 kilometers.

The future of the branch to Kreuzbergstrasse had not been secure for a long time. The DVG originally planned to shut down the line by 2010, but since the population in the residential area did not fall as expected, a grace period until 2015 was given. The branch was discontinued on July 2, 2016.

In 2018, Kavalierstrasse was rebuilt and a combined platform was built at the main station.

NGT 304 with full advertisement at the clinic

Play media file

Ride on line 1 from Tempelhofer Straße to the main train station (late traffic via Kreuzbergstraße)

Play media file

Ride on line 3 from the main station to Junkerspark

Options

The plans still developed in the GDR for a new line to the north in the direction of Rosenhof are no longer being pursued. An expert opinion by the Dresden engineering office ISUP for the local transport plan 2008-2015 names the connection of Roßlau and Wörlitz with two-system vehicles via the existing railway network as an expansion option . There are still no plans to implement this proposal. However, when the new station bridge was built in 2003, a possible link between trams and railways was already taken into account. Mayor Peter Kuras, who was elected on June 15, 2014, also wants to have a possible extension of the Dessau tram from Dessau-Alten over existing railway tracks to Köthen (Anhalt) examined.

Lines and bars

The tram lines 1 (Hauptbahnhof - Dessau South) and 3 (Hauptbahnhof - Junker Park) run Monday to Saturday in the 15-minute clock in the morning and evening hours and on Sunday every 30 minutes. Start of operation is around 5:00 a.m. on weekdays, 6:00 a.m. on Saturdays and 7:00 a.m. on Sundays. Closing time is around 8:30 p.m. on all working days.

Line overview

line	route	Hold	Driving time (HVZ)
1	Central Station - Wasserwerkstrasse - Dessau Süd	14th	16 min
3	Central station - vocational school center - Junkerspark	19th	22 min

On all traffic days, the two lines at the main train station are linked with each other. Incoming trains on line 1 become line 3 and vice versa. From Monday to Saturday there are 6 courses, on Sundays and public holidays only 3.

A special 1/3 line will be set up for events or other restrictions that result in the closure of the Hauptbahnhof - Museum Nord section. The trams then commute between the Junkerspark and Dessau Süd terminals, and buses run as rail replacement services between the main train station and the Dessau Center transfer station. In addition, on school days, the reinforcement course for the vocational school center uses the 1/3 line signal on its return from Junkerspark.

The trams are all leaving the Erich-Köckert-Straße depot . Lines 1 and 3 run from the Dessauer Verkehrs-GmbH and Friedhof III stops to the Dessau Süd and Junkerspark terminals. In principle, entry is made from the Dessau Süd terminus as an empty trip to the depot.

vehicles

The former work car 012 in use

Historic railcar 30 ^II at Junkerspark

Restored Tram 28

In 1978 the Dessau tram fleet consisted of eleven two-axle Gotha railcars and 18 matching trailer cars, one LOWA railcar , three LOWA trailer cars and three Reko railcars . In the same year, two judges from Magdeburg were brought to Dessau in a ring-swap process , who in turn replaced two judges that the Woltersdorf tram received. The LOWA wagons were taken out of service the following year. By 1989, the number of vehicles increased to 20 multiple units and 33 trailer cars from VEB Waggonbau Gotha . In 1987 various Rekowagen of the Schwerin tram were added, one railcar went to the Strausberger Eisenbahn in 1989 . Dessau was once - like Jena - the stronghold of the Gotha and Reko cars. According to the original plans from the 1980s, the Dessau tram should "drive" the entire standard gauge Gothawagenpark of the GDR by 2020 .

In 1992, the company received 14 used Düwag eight-axle vehicles from the Duisburg tram , which were no longer necessary after the tram tunnel was opened. The one -and-a-half- direction cars were given the car numbers 001 to 014 in Dessau. The Gotha and Reko cars could thus be completely withdrawn from passenger traffic, only four vehicles - one each with a railcar and a trailer - remained as historical trains. Four eight-axle vehicles (008, 011, 013, 014) were sold to the Norrköping tram in 1997 , where they primarily served as a spare part donor . Railcars 001 and 003 were modernized in 1999 and 2000, railcars 007 and 012 were partially modernized in 2001. The refurbishment of the other vehicles was not carried out because the company acquired ten two-part low-floor multiple units with the aid of subsidies from the state of Saxony-Anhalt. The cars belong to the Flexity Classic family of vehicles from the manufacturer Bombardier and run in Dessau as type NGT6DE . The ex-Duisburg wagons were gradually taken out of service when they were delivered.

The fleet of cars is currently made up of ten low-floor railcars and two remaining Düwag eight-axle vehicles. Car 007 ran for a short time from 2014 as a party boy and since a general inspection in summer 2018 has only been a driving school and winter service vehicle. GT8 012 was in use from 2004 to December 2012 as a winter service vehicle with a lubrication bar and was then parked when the approval expired. In addition, the Pullman car 28 ^IV and the body car 30 ^II are two historical cars. In 2008, the historic Gotha railcar 21 ^VII with trailer 109 ^III and the Reko railcar 40 ^IV , which were scrapped, were parted with . The historic  G2 work car was handed over to the Magdeburg tram.

Current vehicle overview

Wagon no.	Manufacturer	Type	Construction year	Remarks
28 IV	Schumann	Leipzig type 22c	1925	2000 ex 30 III , 1988 ex Leipzig 5051 III
30 II	LOWA	Body car	1948	2000 ex G1, 1971 ex 30 II ; hist. Tw
007	DUEWAG	GT8	1964	1992 ex Duisburg 1052; 2001 partially modernized; 2010 Driving school, party and winter service cars
012	DUEWAG	GT8	1966	1992 ex Duisburg 1057; 2001 partially modernized; 2004–2012 winter service vehicle with additional de-icing bar; switched off
301-310	Bombardier	NGT6DE	2001/02	70% low floor

literature

• Dietmar Höse, Jens Karkuschke, Rolf-Roland Scholze: 120 Years of Dessau Tram (=  Publications of the Dessau-Roßlau City Archives . Volume 14 ). Funk Verlag Bernhard Hein eK, Dessau-Roßlau 2014, ISBN 978-3-939197-56-0 .
• Gerhard Bauer: Tram archive 4th room Erfurt, Gera, Halle (Saale), Dessau . transpress VEB publishing house for transport, Berlin 1984.

Web links

Commons : Trams in Dessau  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Dessau transport company
• Dessauer-Nahverkehr.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Timeline 1990 - today. In: Dessauer-Nahverkehr.de. Retrieved May 16, 2019 . 
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Bernhard Martin: The tram in the Bauhaus city. Dessau-Roßlau: The development of the tram since the reunification . In: Tram magazine . Volume 6, 2011, pp. 36-44 .
3. ↑ Cessation of tram operation on line 4 - alternative offers for the section to Kreuzbergstrasse. Dessauer Verkehrsgesellschaft , accessed on June 27, 2016 . 
4. ↑ The tram is rolling from November 6th: New station wagon platform handed over at the station. In: Mitteldeutsche Zeitung. October 22, 2018, accessed January 16, 2019 . 
5. ↑ Lowa-, Gotha- and Rekowagen (21-44). In: Dessauer-Nahverkehr.de. Retrieved May 16, 2019 . 
6. ↑ Dessau. In: www.Gothawagen.de. Retrieved December 2, 2012 . 
7. ^ Ivo Köhler, Stefan Reimann: Rekowagen. "New" trams for the capital . LOK Report-Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-935909-10-5 , p. 80 .
8. ↑ GT8 (001-014). In: Dessauer-Nahverkehr.de. Retrieved May 16, 2019 . 
9. ↑ NGT6DE (301-310). In: Dessauer-Nahverkehr.de. Retrieved May 16, 2019 .