Koethen (Anhalt)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Köthen (Anhalt)
Koethen (Anhalt)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Koethen (Anhalt) highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 45 '  N , 11 ° 59'  E

Basic data
State : Saxony-Anhalt
County : Anhalt-Bitterfeld
Height : 80 m above sea level NHN
Area : 78.44 km 2
Residents: 25,641 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 327 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 06366, 06369, 06388Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / zip code contains text
Area code : 03496
License plate : ABI, AZE, BTF, KÖT, ZE
Community key : 15 0 82 180

City administration address : 		Marktstrasse 1–3
06366 Koethen (Anhalt)
Website : www.koethen-anhalt.de
Lord Mayor : Bernd Hauschild ( SPD )
Location of the district town of Köthen (Anhalt) in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld
Aken Bitterfeld-Wolfen Südliches Anhalt Südliches Anhalt Köthen Muldestausee (Gemeinde) Osternienburger Land Südliches Anhalt Raguhn-Jeßnitz Sandersdorf-Brehna Südliches Anhalt Südliches Anhalt Zerbst/Anhalt Zörbig Sachsen-Anhaltmap
About this picture

Köthen (Anhalt) (1885-1927 officially Cöthen ) is the district town of the Saxony-Anhalt district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld . The founder of homeopathy Samuel Hahnemann worked here for many years, and the homeopathic world medical association is based in Koethen. That is why the city is sometimes referred to as the world capital of homeopathy . Furthermore, the Fruit Bringing Society was founded in Köthen , and Johann Sebastian Bach wrote parts of the Well-Tempered Clavier and the Brandenburg Concerts here .

geography

Climate diagram of Köthen

Geographical location and climate

Köthen is located south of Magdeburg , north of Halle (Saale) , west of Dessau-Roßlau and east of Bernburg (Saale) . The Middle Elbe river landscape biosphere reserve begins north of the Anhalt-Bitterfeld district . The northern urban area is traversed by the Ziethe , a body of water with a very low gradient. Located in the middle of the black earth area of the Magdeburg Börde , the Köthen area has the best agricultural soils. Due to the rain shadow of the Harz Mountains , the annual rainfall is lower than in the rest of Germany. Köthen is located in the center of the fertile Köthen plain .

The average air temperature in Köthen is 9.0 ° C, the annual precipitation 496 millimeters. The lowest documented temperature for Köthen was measured on February 21, 1929 at −27.9 ° C.

City structure

The following places belong to the city of Köthen:

The districts include Porst and Elsdorf (since 1961). The districts that emerged from places (since 1923) are Geuz and Klepzig . The localities Merzien with Zehringen and Hohsdorf were incorporated in 1994, the other localities in 2004.

history

prehistory

The oldest evidence of human presence in the Köthen area is an approximately 250,000 year old hand ax of a Paleolithic hunter, which is kept in the prehistoric collection in Köthen Castle . The tip of the stalk of reindeer hunters is evidence of the Mesolithic around 10,000 years ago. Here you can find the settlements of different cultures, which already practiced agriculture and livestock 5000 years ago. The unusually large number of archaeological sites in the immediate vicinity of Köthen indicates a relatively dense settlement thousands of years before the migration of the peoples . Between 180 and 450 the Germanic tribes of the Hermunduren and Semnonen settled in the Koethen area, their own pottery, along with imported Roman goods, testify to permanent homes.

Around the 6th century, Slavic tribes penetrated the Köthen area for the first time and built their ramparts , often on the basis of existing structures . After 800, the Carolingian conquest of the land began, and in 839 the Slavic royal castle of Cösitz, south of today's Köthen, was conquered. The Gau Serimunt in the square between the Saale, Mulde, Elbe and Fuhne developed into the center of rule of the Ascanians in the 11th century . In the following centuries, Slavic and German parts of the population lived here side by side - a deserted Strösitz is mentioned - and until 1293 the Sorbian language was allowed in the Anhalt courts. For the etymology of the name “Köthen” cf. the article Kötter .

The Hallesche Turm from 1462

middle Ages

The first mention of Koethen can be found in several chronicles that report in 1115 that the Ascanian Otto von Ballenstedt fought plundering Slavs "near the place called Cothen" . Around 1150 there was an archdeaconate under the cathedral provost of Magdeburg. In 1156 the "Lords of Koethen" were mentioned as Ministeriale . In 1160 a princely mint was established in Köthen, in which between 1170 and 1180 the Köthen Bernhard bracteates and denarii (pfennigs) were minted.

In 1194 the place already had its own grain dimensions (Köthener Malter and Scheffel ). A Vogt was first mentioned for Köthen in 1244 . In 1290, the Gottesgnaden monastery near Calbe received patronage over the Köthen parish of St. Jakob , whose first church was mentioned again in 1330. In 1295 the Ascanians began to rule Koethen with Count Albrecht I , who took his residence in the old castle. In 1313 Köthen was first referred to as " civitas ", i. H. a walled city with its own rights. 1323, an existing of twelve people was first council mentioned in a document which are different things the financial , economic and military policy cared. The names of the first council members are not known, names are only known from 1391. That year it was the mayor Hans Menwitz , the treasurer Simen Schroder and the works manager Klaus Dunnewert .

The later Osterköthen was first mentioned in a document as Ost-Kotene in 1339. The first officially named guild in Koethen was that of the bakers, whose guild letter, issued by Prince Johann I of Anhalt, was dated April 29, 1373. In 1377 the new town of Köthens was first mentioned, which had developed before the actual city walls, but also had its own, albeit less strong, defensive structures. In 1391 a number of institutions were first recorded. This included the mention of a school on the site of today's Naumann School, the only guild building in Köthen, that of the shoemakers, the Neumarkt district and the Halle , Magdeburg and Schalaunischen districts . A castle in Köthen was first mentioned in documents in 1396. Based on archaeological finds, it is assumed that a Slavic castle existed before the Ascanians.

In 1400 the construction of the new St. Jacob's Church began on the foundations of the previous church. In 1406 Köthen was besieged by the Archbishop of Magdeburg Günther II, Count von Schwarzburg . A cannonball from this time was walled in on the north side of the church, which was still under construction at the time, as a reminder. In 1445 the entire city of Köthen was placed under imperial ban. Emperor Friedrich III. had pronounced this on the basis of an unspecified crime by a Conrad from Radegast . The imperial ban lasted 20 years. In 1450 the city was hit by a plague epidemic; others followed in 1598, 1636 and 1681–1683. In 1457 the second Köthen town hall was built on the site of the previous one. The Hallesche Tower, which still exists today, followed in 1462, while the current Magdeburg Tower was only rebuilt in 1562 on the basis of an earlier tower. In 1484 the Neustadt received fishing rights for the ditches surrounding Köthen. The Marienkapelle , which was demolished in 1785, was first mentioned in 1494 .

Early modern age

Many buildings from the early modern period have been preserved in the old town

The Schackenthal tavern , today's Black Bear and the seat of Commerzbank, was first mentioned in a document around 1500 . In 1502 the new town was granted city rights, but the prince's autonomy seems to have been less than that of the old town. Since 19 of the total of 60 points of the Neustädter Arbitrariness dealt with the brewing of beer , this was probably one of the most important branches of the economy in the place. In 1525 was Anhalt-Köthen under Prince Wolfgang after the operation of the Electorate of Saxony , the second country in the world by the Reformation introduced the Lutheran doctrine as the state religion. In 1527 the first Köthen fire regulations were issued, which contained provisions for fire protection. Koethen was spared the fires that destroyed an entire city, as often happened at this time, but in 1547 the old Askanierburg burned down. Living on the old castle Köthener reformer Prince Wolfgang undertook despite protest of the Magdeburg archbishop Albrecht in 1533 the first church visitation , one of the earliest examples in Germany to receive the princely oversight of the church. In the same year, the only school in town that has a schoolmaster was noted again. From 1534, due to the Reformation, parish properties were transferred to the city council. In 1534 he received 3.5 hooves from the Klepzig parishioner , in 1535 four hooves "Wulfen'sches Lehen" and in 1553 the city received the patronage of St. Jakob and thus over 15 hooves. Earlier in 1538, Prince Wolfgang had expropriated the Calendar Brotherhood with its seat at Stiftstrasse 2 and transferred its property to St. Jakob. After Wolfgang had fallen under imperial ban from the emperor , Spanish and Hungarian troops under the command of the imperial count of Lodron occupied the city on Ascension Day in 1547. Lodron sold Koethen to the Burgrave of Meissen . The Ascanians offered 32,000 thalers to get Koethen back, but only got the city back after they had participated in the siege of Magdeburg in 1551 and the German emperor had signed the Passau Treaty . In 1562/1564 Wolfgang renounced his share and Köthen fell to Joachim Ernst . A town clerk was first mentioned in a document in 1551 . In 1562 the Magdeburg Tower was rebuilt . In the following year, three windmills were first mentioned that stood in front of the Schalaunischen gates .

In 1575 a girls' school was built near the city wall . In 1576 there were twelve guilds in Köthen , the largest was the shoemaker and trade guild with 23 masters, the smallest the glass guild with two masters. In 1577 the city council banned New Year singing ; However, this form of begging could not be prevented, as shown by regular renewals of the ban. In 1591 a begging bailiff was hired, and a pond master followed in 1592 to prevent predatory fishing . On July 10, 1599, the original steeple of St. Jacob's Church collapsed and damaged the city school opposite, but nobody was harmed. It was not until 1895 that St. Jakob received two new towers, the highest in Anhalt.

Due to the Anhalt division of inheritance in 1603, the part of Anhalt-Köthen fell to the young Prince Ludwig I , who had spent several years in Italy and wanted to build a court based on the Italian model instead of the old moated castle. Today's Ludwigsbau was completed as early as 1604 and was later surrounded by extensive gardens. In Italy, Ludwig became the first German member of the Accademia della Crusca , which now spurred him on to found a similar organization. In 1617 he founded the Fruitful Society for the Care of the German Language. In the following year he brought the pedagogue Wolfgang Ratke to Koethen to reform the school system. The Princely Printing House and thus the first German school book publisher was founded specifically for the production of the new school books. To protect itself from the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War , the city of Köthen provided 80 musketeers and 55 pikemen . The Office of Köthen provided a further 94 musketeers and 58 pikemen. The city wall was also repaired. In 1620, the Neustadt became the fourth quarter of the old town of Köthen alongside the Magdeburg , Halle and Schalaunischen districts . In 1733 today's Lindenstrasse was built , then Neue Gasse . On February 27, 1623, Prince Ludwig examined the military readiness of his property in Bernburg, with 43 riding horses being counted for the Köthen office, plus three riding horses in Nienburg and nine in Warmsdorf. To warn of the dangers of war, from May 1623 mounted guards were constantly set up. At the end of January 1626, a 22-week siege of Köthen began. In 1639 the first town hall was torn down. On June 6, 1638, a new building began, which was completed the following year. The building, which cost 473 thalers, was financed by selling the bell of the church tower, which collapsed in 1599, to the Jew Samuel in Zerbst for 321 thalers, as well as selling various houses. In 1649 Johann Christoph Oeler was elected mayor. In 1665 there was the first mention of a post office in Köthen, which was located on the wood market. In 1671 there is the last documentary mention of viticulture around Köthen.

St. Agnus

In 1688 the city received princely permission to build houses in front of the Schalaunisches Tor in order to take account of the increased population. On May 7, 1699, the St. Agnus Church , donated by Princess Gisela Agnes , was consecrated as Köthen's first Lutheran church. The foundation stone was laid on October 9, 1694, and it was completed in 1698. In 1714, the court orchestra was founded under Augustin Reinhard Stricker , formally by Gisela Agnes, but at the expense of her music-loving son, Prince Leopold , who officially took office in 1716 and Johann the following year Sebastian Bach engaged as Stricker's successor. Bach composed many secular works here, including the Brandenburg Concerts and Part I of the Well-Tempered Clavier , which were premiered in the palace. On February 27, 1719, Prince Leopold decided to build on Wallstrasse and Schulstrasse as well as today's Bachplatz as an extension of the city and to enclose them with a new city wall ( Köthen baroque quarter ). The second Bachhaus in Köthen is also located here .

In 1747, Prince August Ludwig decided to have general street lighting in the city. Every homeowner was obliged to put a lantern on his house, which had to be on from the end of October until Easter. The control of these lanterns was taken over by a lantern keeper who received 16 groschen a week for it. 1769 appeared with the Cöthenische charitable advertisements and news, the first regularly appearing newspaper in the city. Due to the low demand, it was discontinued a year and a half later on January 18, 1771. In 1783 another newspaper was published under the name Gemeinnütziges Anhaltliches Wochenblatt . A poor house was built on Springstrasse in 1784.

Modern times

19th century

Eichendorff lived in this house at Bernburger Strasse 1 between 1849 and 1855.

On April 18, 1806, Anhalt-Köthen became a duchy. From 1821 to 1834 the famous homeopath Samuel Hahnemann worked as the Princely Personal Physician in Köthen, where many of his most famous writings were written. His house on Wallstrasse has been preserved to this day. The alternative practitioner Arthur Lutze followed in his footsteps. He built his famous clinic in Köthen in 1855, which is now renovated and accessible as a conference venue.

In 1822, court architect Gottfried Bandhauer constructed the masterful barrel vault of the hall of mirrors in the Ludwigsbau of the palace, hanging on chains . In 1828 Bandhauer built Ferdinand's building, in 1829 the monastery and hospital of the Brothers of Mercy , and in 1830 the Catholic Church of St. Maria was consecrated.

From the direction of Magdeburg, the first railway reached Köthen on June 9, 1840, and the Köthen station of the Magdeburg-Leipzig Railway Company (now used as a dance hall) was opened. On September 1, 1840, the first train of the Berlin-Anhalt Railway arrived from Dessau , and on September 10, 1841, through traffic to Berlin began. The place became a railway junction . The casino , which had been in existence since 1820, was relocated to the “first train station hotel in Germany” (today: Hotel Stadt Köthen ), and after the railway line to Bernburg was opened in 1846, the game took off again. The Anhalt-Köthen-Bernburg Railway had its own station south of Heinrichplatz. At the end of the 1860s, the Magdeburg-Leipziger-Eisenbahn received a new station, at about the same time the Berlin-Halberstädter Bahnhof for the trains to Dessau, Bernburg and Aken was built in Georgstrasse. The transfer problems were only solved in the 1910s with the construction of the current station, which replaced the previous stations.

On November 23, 1847, the childless last Duke of Koethen, Heinrich, died and the government fell to Anhalt-Bernburg . In the revolution of 1848, the city of Köthen played an important role as a meeting place for democratic forces. In 1849 Eichendorff bought a house in Köthen, in which he lived repeatedly until 1855. The house is still preserved today. In 1855 the Köthens magistrate refused to build a gas works , but in 1862 this was approved and in the same year the streets of Köthens were lit with gas lights.

The Johannisloge Ludwig zum Palmbaum in Köthen was founded in 1879 (forcibly closed in 1935). In 1885 the official spelling of Köthen was set to "Cöthen". In 1891 the Friedrichs-Polytechnikum was established . In 1892 the Black Bear building was demolished and rebuilt in its current form and converted into a hotel. In 1900 the present (fourth) town hall was inaugurated in its original location.

20th century

Fourth town hall from 1900
Bernburger Strasse (1928)
The sports hall from 1974 (2007)

In 1907 Georg Krause donated the Prince Ludwig Monument on Schlossplatz and in 1912 he built the house of the Dürerbund . The cinema in the Bärtichpromenade began in 1908 with cinematographers . From 1912 the building was converted into a movie theater . In 1914, at the beginning of the First World War , Köthen became a military hospital. The economy partially came to a standstill, but some companies were able to switch their production and make high profits from products for the military. In the turnip winter of 1916/17, food became scarce. In 1920 Commerzbank took over the Köthener bank association "Oscar Sonnenthal und Co." and remained represented with a branch in Köthen until 1945. In 1927 the stadium and the swimming pool on Ratswall were opened. From now on, the name of the city was officially written as “Köthen”. In 1928, the city children's home in Siebenbrünnenpromenade was inaugurated and an airfield south of the city was set up for the aeronautical science department of the Polytechnic . Later it became a military airfield of the Wehrmacht . In the 1930 Reichstag election , 25.5 percent voted for the NSDAP , which was well above the Reich average of 18.2 percent. In 1932, the Dessau-Köthen district was formed by emergency ordinance . In 1933 the district administration returned from Dessau to Köthen, and in the following year Köthen became independent. The city's debt was 1.2 million Reichsmarks in 1932 , and two years later it was 4.4 million.

The synagogue was burned down on November 16, 1938 and demolished the following year. During the Second World War , Köthen became a hospital town again; In addition to the city's seven schools, other buildings were also used. In 1942 the last Jews still living in the village were deported to the Bohemian Theresienstadt concentration camp .

The building of the Maschinenfabrik AG, founded in 1890, located directly at the train station , vorm. Wagner & Co. , became the Motorenbau-Zweigwerk Köthen (MZK) of Junkers Motorenbau GmbH in April 1935 . After the war, the Junkers aircraft and engine works were expropriated by order of the Soviet military administration in Germany (SMAD) and the MZK later became the "VEB Abus (equipment for mining and heavy industry) Förderanlagen Köthen" (demolished 2007).

On the morning of July 20, 1944 there was an air raid by 69 American B-17 bombers of the 8th Air Force , in which 165 tons of high-explosive bombs were dropped. Destruction occurred in the MZK engine plant, on the castle with the hospital located there, on the railway systems. 70 houses were destroyed or badly damaged, 71 Germans and 16 foreigners died in the attack. On August 16, 1944, at 11.00 a.m., 71 heavy B-24 bombers dropped 110 tons of high-explosive bombs and 79 tons of incendiary bombs, especially over the engine works. General impression: "Very badly hit". Both bombings together resulted in 106 deaths, so that one can conclude that there were around 35 on August 16. On April 12, 1945, the 9th Tactical US Air Command attacked the city of Koethen. "No information is available" about the damage caused and the number of victims.

The first refugees from the eastern regions reached the city at the end of 1944 .

On April 14, 1945, American troops from the direction of Pilsenhöhe began bombarding Köthen in order to take the city shortly afterwards. At the beginning of July 1945 the occupation was handed over to the Soviet Army . The numerous refugees who flocked to Koethen were housed in barracks not far from the air base. The air base was subsequently used by the 73rd Soviet Guards Fighter Regiment (73 Gw.IAP) and was a restricted military area. In an election, the SED became the strongest force, but did not have a majority in the city council. In 1954 the Köthener Carnival Society was founded. In 1955, Köthen was the venue for the international hockey match between India and the GDR. The last Rose Monday parade until the end of the GDR led through Köthen in 1957; The move ended in black and white with class 10B2 of the JW Goethe Extended High School , who wore tails and top hats. In September 1962, the city's cinema was named Erich-Franz-Lichtspiele after the Köthen actor Erich Franz . The "Koethener Bach Festival" has been taking place every two years since 1967. The kontakt department store on Holzmarkt was completed in 1968 . In 1974 the sports hall “25. Anniversary of the GDR ”.

On January 1, 1998, the city of Köthen (Anh.) Was renamed Köthen (Anhalt) .

21st century

On January 18, 2007, the original fruit-bearing society from the 17th century was re- established in Köthen with the founding of the “New Fruit Bringing Society in Köthen - Association for the Care of the German Language” . On July 1, 2007, Köthen became the seat of the district administration of the newly formed district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld . On March 29, 2008, the new concert hall in the castle grounds was inaugurated with a gala concert.

On March 16, 2013, the World Medical Association, Liga Medicorum Homoeopathica Internationalis, moved its headquarters to Koethen, which earned Koethen the name of the world capital of homeopathy . In 2015 a special postage stamp was issued to mark the city's 900th anniversary.

Incorporations

On August 8, 1994, the municipality of Merzien was incorporated with the districts of Hohsdorf and Zehringen. On January 1, 2004, the communities of Arensdorf followed with the districts of Gahrendorf, Baasdorf, Dohndorf, Löbnitz an der Linde and Wülknitz.

Population development

Population development of Köthen (Anhalt) .svg Population development of Köthen (Anhalt) - from 1871 onwards
Desc-i.svg
Population development of Köthen (Anhalt). Above from 1391 to 2017. Below a section from 1871
Population pyramid for Köthen (Anhalt) (data source: 2011 census)
Population development
  • 1391: 1190
  • 1577: 1340
  • 1612: 1840
  • 1788: 5504
  • 1800: ≈ 5,000
  • 1818: 06.035
  • 1848: 07.637
  • 1871: 13.564
  • 1890: 18.215
  • 1900: 22.092
  • 1910: 23.410
  • 1914: 23.099
  • 1918: 19,684
  • 1928: 26,684
  • 1940: 34,605
  • 1946: 42.588
  • 1950: 39.365
  • 1971: 36.624
  • 1985: 35.210
  • 1990: 33.097
  • 1994: 32.042
  • 1995: 33.878
  • 2000: 31,714
  • 2003: 30,667
  • 2004: 31,517
  • 2008: 29,800
  • 2009: 29,466
  • 2010: 29,122
  • 2013: 28,125
  • 2015: 27,788
  • 2016: 26,281
  • 2017: 26,157

politics

Local elections 2019
Turnout: 47.62% (2014: 38.5%)
 %
30th
20th
10
0
22.19%
22.0%
18.89%
14.92%
5.8%
5.7%
5.11%
4.27%
1.12%
BI AK / WLS e
IG BfK g
EB Engelmann i
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
 16
 14th
 12
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-12
-10.71  % p.p.
-7.6  % p
-2.01  % p
+ 14.92  % p.p.
-3.5  % p
+ 0.9  % p
+ 5.11  % p
+1.67  % p
+1.12  % p
BI AK / WLS e
IG BfK g
EB Engelmann i
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
e Citizens' Initiative Anhalt-Köthen / Voter List Sport
g Interest group Büger for Koethen
i Engelmann single applicant

City council

The council consists of 36 council members and the mayor. In the local elections on May 26, 2019 , the distribution of seats was as follows:

CDU left SPD AfD BI * FDP IG ** Green
2019 8th 8th 7th 5 2 2 2 2

* BI = Citizens 'Initiative Anhalt-Köthen / Voters List Sport (BI AK / WLS)
** IG = Citizens' Interest Group for Köthen (IG BfG)

The city council chairman is Georg Heeg (CDU).

Lord Mayor

Lord Mayor is Bernd Hauschild (independent). He was elected in the runoff election on March 8, 2015 with 56.1 percent of the valid votes and was thus able to prevail against his competitor Marina Hinze (Die Linke), who received 43.9 percent of the votes. The turnout was 29.1%.

The twin cities

coat of arms

Blazon : "Argent, a crenellated red walls, black grooved, with open red gate, pulled up blue portcullis and three patch crenellated red, black grooved towers, each with a window, the bigger and stronger central tower with blue conical roof and golden knob."

flag

The city flag shows the colors blue - silver (white) with the city coat of arms placed in the middle.

Town twinning

City friendships

Culture and sights

European Homeopathy Library

Museums

Libraries

  • City library, Am Markt
  • European Library of Homeopathy

music

The "Köthener Bachfesttage" have been taking place in Köthen since 1967 and offer a rich program of concerts in the historical rooms of the castle and in the town's churches.

From 1991 to 2011 the Live Music Circus existed in Köthen . This disco, usually called a tent , was located on the outskirts of the city and consisted of two former circus tents .

The Viking metal band Thrudvangar and the right-wing rock band Vae Victis Germany come from Köthen. The synth-pop / future-pop band Nova-Spes was also founded in Köthen.

German language

The first German Academy of the early modern period was established in Köthen. This is where the first German schoolbook publisher came into being. In 2007 the Neue Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft zu Köthen - Association for the Maintenance of the German Language - was founded in Köthen as the successor to the first fruit-bearing society from the 17th century. It runs a school competition, a Koethen language day and a three-day festival of the German language around the Prince's Palace. There is a “House of German Language” in Koethen. It is planned to set up a “ Street of the German Language ” through 25 Central German cities with significant linguistic history. On April 27, 2013, the German language adventure world was opened in Köthen Castle.

The dialects in Saxony-Anhalt have a characteristic peculiarity in the region around the former royal cities of Dessau , Köthen and Bernburg (Saale) as well as partially also Zerbst . A typical regiolect is the Anhalt dialect (“Das Anhaltische”), which is reflected in literature as prose and also as poetry to the present day . It comprises a settlement area of ​​the former principalities and later duchies of Anhalt-Dessau , Anhalt-Köthen , Anhalt-Bernburg with temporarily Anhalt-Plötzkau as well as partly to the north of Anhalt-Zerbst .

City Church of St. Jacob
Old German court

Churches

Only the interior design is evidence of the Lutheran and Reformed character of these two churches. The services are celebrated today in both churches according to the united agende of the Evangelical Church of Anhalt .

Other structures

  • town hall
  • library
  • Old German court
  • Lutzeklinik

The cultural monuments of Köthen are registered in the local monument register.

Parks

Entrance to the zoo

Memorial and burial sites

Memorial to Fallen First World War
Hahnemann - Lutze monument
  • Köthen , Neuer Friedhof: memorial for the 629 people in Köthen who died in World War I and for the 225 soldiers who died in Köthen hospitals and resting on the neighboring burial ground (219 Germans and 6 Russians).
  • Köthen , Neuer Friedhof: Grave field (without memorial or cross) for 361 dead of the Second World War : 247 soldiers (Köthen was again a hospital town), 36 civilians, 11 war dead from other nations and 25 unknowns. 42 of the 106 bomb victims from July and August 1944 were buried here.
  • Köthen : Bach monument, Hahnemann-Lutze monument, Fürst-Ludwig monument, Naumann monument, Angelika Hartmann monument , OdF monument, Soviet memorial, memorial plaque of the Shoah victims (disappeared after 1991)
  • District of Baasdorf : Ernst-Thälmann- Monument
  • District Dohndorf : tomb for an unknown Soviet prisoner of war during World War II, a victim of forced labor was
  • Kleinwülknitz district : Memorial to the concentration camp inmates of the death march from the Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp , who were murdered by SS men in April 1945
  • Wülknitz district : graves in the local cemetery for five dead concentration camp prisoners

Regular events

Rose Monday Parade 2014

With the 1st Köthener Carnival Society in 1954, Köthen is considered one of the strongholds of the carnival in Saxony-Anhalt. The Koethener Bach Festival takes place every two years as part of the Saxony-Anhalt Music Festival.

Sports

The handball club HG 85 Koethen currently plays in the Central German Oberliga .

The hockey club Cöthener HC 02 plays on the field in the Oberliga (Central Germany) and in the hall in the 2nd Bundesliga East . In the GDR he was one of the most successful clubs in hockey and was GDR champion several times .

The privileged rifle guild of Cöthen from 1443 e. V. is one of the oldest shooting clubs in Central Germany and operates the “Baggerkiete Köthen” shooting range on the Güterseeweg.

The 1. TC Köthen is Köthen's largest tennis club with a total of six courts.

Economy and Infrastructure

Main building of the Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, formerly the Technical University, built in 1887

education

The administration of the Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, which is spread over three locations, is located in Köthen , a university of applied sciences with bachelor's and master's degrees, which is represented here with courses with a technical profile. There is also the Research and Technology Transfer Center Köthen (FTTZ) and a vocational school center .

In addition, the only grammar school in the former Köthen district is located in Köthen, the Ludwigsgymnasium with over 1000 students, as well as a school for students with learning disabilities, the Dr.-Samuel-Hahnemann-Schule.

traffic

Train station with local trains

The Dessau – Köthen line was opened on September 1, 1840, as one of the first railway lines in Germany . After the section-wise expansion of the so-called Anhalter Bahn via Wittenberg and Jüterbog , this route ended at Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof . Köthen thus became Germany's first railway junction , as it was also due to the Magdeburg – Leipzig railway , which had been in service since June 9, 1840 .

The station Köthen today is long-distance support for the Intercity trains of the lines Dresden and Leipzig - Leipzig / Halle Airport - Halle (Saale) - Magdeburg - Braunschweig - Hannover (- Dortmund - Cologne ) or (- Bremen - Oldenburg - Emden )

In regional traffic, trains stop in Köthen on the lines Magdeburg - Köthen - Halle (Saale) and Aschersleben - Bernburg (Saale) - Köthen - Dessau . Until December 9, 2007, a regional train also ran to Aken ( Köthen – Aken line ), today the route is only used for freight traffic.

The public streets and squares in the city of Köthen are illuminated by 3,300 mercury vapor and sodium vapor lamps .

Established businesses

  • Kranbau Köthen GmbH , emerged in 1990 from VEB Förderanlagen- und Kranbau Köthen of the TAKRAF combine, part of Georgsmarienhütte Holding GmbH
  • VKK Standardkessel Köthen GmbH , emerged in 2001 from the merger of Vorwärmer- und Kesselbau Köthen GmbH and Standardkessel Lentjes-Fasel GmbH
  • Mercateo Services GmbH , online trading company
  • DAW SE, production site for lacquers and paints, formerly Lacufa Köthen GmbH or VEB Lackfabrik Köthen

Personalities

Others

literature

  • Erich Damerow : Cöthen in Anhalt, a cityscape. H. Burkhard, Berlin 1925.
  • Günther Hoppe, Werner Grossert, Matthias Freundel, Viktor Samarkin: Köthen (Anhalt) between the years 1115 and 1949. Four contributions to the city's history . Koethen 1991.
  • Günther Hoppe: Koethen in Anhalt. Pictures of a city and its history . Sax-Verlag, Beucha 1993, ISBN 3-9802997-6-7 .
  • Günther Hoppe: The history of people, companies and personalities through the epochs of time - Chronik Köthen, Anhalt . Neomedia-Verlag, Reken 1997.
  • Günther Hoppe: Koethen . Sutton, Erfurt 1998, ISBN 3-89702-079-3 .
  • Norbert Postler (texts), Ulf Böttcher (photographs): Köthen . Stadt-Bild-Verlag, Leipzig 2013, ISBN 978-3-942146-44-9 .
  • Robert Schulze: Köthen in Anhalt, a guide through the city and its history. Koethen 1923.

Web links

Commons : Köthen (Anhalt)  - Collection of images
Wikisource: Cöthen in the Topographia Superioris Saxoniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wiktionary: Köthen  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, population of the municipalities - as of December 31, 2019 (PDF) (update) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung - Köthener Zeitung, Meteorologie - As cold as it has not been for years , Jan. 8, 2009, p. 7.
  3. ^ Fritz Curschmann: The Diocese of Brandenburg. Studies on the historical geography and constitutional history of an East German colonial diocese. Publications of the Association for the History of the Mark Brandenburg, Leipzig 1906, p. 67 f., Note 2.
  4. ↑ Gerald Heise: The development of the city of Koethen - a chronological outline - 1st part , 1984, p. 7.
  5. ↑ Gerald Heise, 1984, p. 9.
  6. ↑ Gerald Heise, 1984, pp. 14-15.
  7. ↑ Gerald Heise, 1984, p. 17.
  8. ↑ Gerald Heise: The development of the city of Koethen - a chronological outline - 1st part , 1984, p. 18.
  9. ↑ Gerald Heise: The development of the city of Koethen - a chronological outline - 1st part , 1984, pp. 19-20.
  10. ↑ Gerald Heise: The development of the city of Koethen - a chronological outline - 1st part , 1984, pp. 21-22.
  11. ↑ Gerald Heise: The development of the city of Köthen - a chronological outline - 1st part , 1984, p. 25.
  12. ^ Günther Hoppe: The development of the city of Köthen - a chronological outline - 2nd part , 1985, p. 7.
  13. ↑ Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 8.
  14. ↑ Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 9.
  15. ↑ a b Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 11.
  16. ↑ a b Günther Hoppe 1997, p. 17.
  17. ↑ a b Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 14.
  18. ↑ a b c Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 15.
  19. ↑ Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 16.
  20. ↑ Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 17.
  21. ↑ Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 19.
  22. ↑ Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 21.
  23. ↑ Monika Knof, The development of the city of Köthen - a chronological outline - Part 3 , p. 5.
  24. ↑ a b Monika Knof, p. 7.
  25. ↑ a b Monika Knof, p. 10.
  26. ↑ a b Monika Knof, p. 14.
  27. ↑ Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 13.
  28. ↑ Monika Knof, p. 17.
  29. ↑ Georg Heeg, JS Bach's apartment in Köthen, EFRE project December 6, 4, 2006, p. 5 (PDF; 703 kB).
  30. ↑ Monika Knof, p. 19.
  31. ↑ Monika Knof, p. 20.
  32. ↑ Monika Knof, p. 22.
  33. ↑ Günther Hoppe, 1997, p. 10.
  34. ↑ a b Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, History: First presentation in 1908 , April 5, 2013 .
  35. ^ Günther Hoppe: The history of people, companies and personalities through the epochs of time - Chronik Köthen, Anhalt , 1997, p. 133.
  36. ↑ Hoppe 1997, p. 16.
  37. ^ Günther Hoppe: Köthen , 1998, p. 96.
  38. ^ Günther Hoppe: Köthen , 1998, p. 9.
  39. ^ Günther Hoppe: The story of people, companies and personalities through the epochs of time - Chronik Köthen , Anhalt, 1997, p. 138.
  40. ^ A b Günther Hoppe: The history of people, companies and personalities through the epochs of time - Chronik Köthen , Anhalt, 1997, p. 141.
  41. ^ Günther Hoppe: The history of people, companies and personalities through the epochs of time - Chronik Köthen , Anhalt, 1997, p. 142.
  42. ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung - Köthener Zeitung: Stumbling blocks should warn and remind , 30./31. Oct. 2008, p. 11.
  43. ^ Günther Hoppe: The history of people, companies and personalities through the epochs of time - Chronik Köthen , Anhalt, 1997, p. 145.
  44. ^ Olaf Groehler : Anhalt in the air war . Anhaltische Verlagsanstalt, Dessau 1993. ISBN 3-910192-05-X . P. 102.
  45. ^ Olaf Groehler: Anhalt in the air war . Dessau 1993. pp. 102-104.
  46. ↑ Explanation board on the grave field for the dead of the Second World War in the New Cemetery in Köthen / Anhalt.
  47. ^ Olaf Groehler: Anhalt in the air war . Dessau 1993. p. 164.
  48. ^ Günther Hoppe, The story of people, companies and personalities through the epochs of time - Chronik Köthen, Anhalt, 1997, p. 146.
  49. ↑ Günther Hoppe, Köthen , 1998, p. 111.
  50. ↑ Günther Hoppe, Köthen , 1998, p. 113.
  51. ↑ Günther Hoppe, Köthen , 1998, p. 119.
  52. ↑ Günther Hoppe, Köthen , 1998, p. 123.
  53. ↑ Website of the City of Köthen, The Homeopathic World Medical Association relocates its headquarters to Köthen (Anhalt) , March 16, 2013 .
  54. ↑ German Central Association of Homeopathic Doctors V., Köthen becomes the world capital of homeopathy ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed January 21, 2014.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dzvhae.de
  55. ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1994 .
  56. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2004 .
  57. ↑ census database
  58. ↑ Population development in the city of Köthen (Anhalt) , on koethen-anhalt.de, accessed on September 4, 2018.
  59. ↑ Final result of the city council election
  60. ↑ Thomas Schöne: Koethen has unique birds ... But hardly anyone knows them. In: Neues Deutschland from 14./15. July 2018, p. 9 (dpa report).
  61. ↑ A completely different medicine in multiple doses. (Hahnemann House and exhibition in the Historical Museum) In: Eckart Roloff and Karin Henke-Wendt: Visit your doctor or pharmacist. A tour through Germany's museums for medicine and pharmacy. Volume 1, Northern Germany. Verlag S. Hirzel, Stuttgart 2015, pp. 225-227, ISBN 978-3-7776-2510-2 .
  62. ↑ German language adventure world .
  63. ↑ live-music-circus.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 9, 2009.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.live-music-circus.de  
  64. ↑ Köthen tent under the hammer , on mz-web.de.
  65. ^ Robert von Lucius : Koethen. A street of the German language. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, April 18, 2011.
  66. ^ Matthias Bartl: The German Language Experience - Target group: All in Mitteldeutsche Zeitung of April 29, 2013 .
  67. ↑ Georg Müller: Mei Anhalt, where I am. Dialect stories and poems. Compiled and edited by Gunnar Müller-Waldeck . Anhalt Edition, Dessau 2009, ISBN 978-3-936383-15-7 .
  68. ↑ Heribert Pistor: De Rickfahrkoarte or: Nochwas uff Aanhalt'sch. Hundreds of dialect poems in Anhalt dialect. Anhalt Edition Dessau, Dessau-Roßlau 2018, ISBN 978-3-936383-29-4 .
  69. ↑ The church, which was once in danger of collapsing, has been rescued and renovated , website of the German Foundation for Monument Protection, accessed on September 4, 2018.
  70. ^ Church of St. Anna , on koethen-anhalt.de.
  71. ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung Köthen, The Köthener Fasanerie is now under protection , Dec. 14, 2009 .
  72. ↑ mdr.de: Garden near Köthen: apple varieties full of history | MDR.DE . ( mdr.de [accessed October 27, 2017]).
  73. ↑ Explanation board on the memorial and burial ground at the new cemetery in Köthen / Anhalt.
  74. ↑ cemetery Maxdorfer Street: Honor Memorial First World War .
  75. ↑ Explanation board on the grave field in the New Cemetery in Köthen / Anhalt.
  76. ^ Cemetery Maxdorfer Straße: Soldiers Cemetery II. World War , on koethen-anhalt.de.
  77. ^ Central German Handball Association - Central German Oberliga .
  78. ↑ MHSB hockey. In: www.hockey.de. Retrieved November 9, 2016 .
  79. ↑ Dagmar Picht: 2nd Bundesliga - the CHC 02 is back - CHC02. Retrieved January 26, 2018 .
  80. ↑ Martin Rauer: The Club. In: tck.marauer.net. Retrieved November 9, 2016 .
  81. ↑ Our school. sos-hahnemann.bildung-lsa.de, accessed on January 28, 2020
  82. ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung - Köthener Zeitung, Shift with the light - or not? , Feb. 11, 2009 .

Footnotes

  1. ↑ So it was banned again in 1582, 1615, 1672, 1692, 1697, 1704, 1717 and lastly in 1747. according to Günther Hoppe, 1985, p. 20.
  2. ↑ Incorporation of Merzien.
  3. ^ Incorporation of Arensdorf, Baasdorf, Dohndorf, Löbnitz an der Linde and Wülknitz.