Johann Michael Hoppenhaupt

Johann Michael Hoppenhaupt (born June 25, 1685 in Merseburg , † September 14, 1751 there ) was a German sculptor and builder in the Baroque period . He was the father of Johann Michael Hoppenhaupt the Elder (1709 – after 1755).

Life

Johann Michael Hoppenhaupt was born as the son of the sculptor Michael Hoppenhaupt and Regina, geb. Beyer, born in Merseburg, where he lived for many years in the corner house on Große / Kleine Ritterstraße. After training in building trade with his father, he went to Zittau in 1706 . There he created the Leipoldt tomb in the Kreuzkirche in 1707 and the Hercules Fountain north of the Salzhaus in 1709 . Between 1708 and 1711 he took over the woodwork and decoration work for the interior of the church in Hainewalde and in 1709 the furnishing of the library room of the Franciscan monastery in Zittau, today the city museum, with pilasters and stucco ceilings as well as probably the entrance gate and the monk's crypt on the Zittau cross cemetery.

When his father died in 1710, he returned to Merseburg to take over his workshop. In 1711 he acquired citizenship . His first work after his return was the decorative design of the apartments of the duke couple Moritz Wilhelm von Sachsen-Merseburg and Henriette Charlotte von Nassau-Idstein in the east wing of the Merseburg Palace, with the mirror cabinet, also known as the porcelain cabinet, and stucco work above the Courtyard entrance. From the cabinet, the remains of the wood paneling on three walls, the coffered ceiling and a chandelier have been exhibited in Berlin since 1925 and today in the Kunstgewerbemuseum .

In 1713 Johann Michael Hoppenhaupt received the title of Princely Saxon Court Sculptor and in 1717 he was appointed Princely Saxon Land Master . His other works include the village church in Oberbeuna with the nave built in 1725 and the tower built in 1743 as well as the church in what is now the Merseburg district of Kötzschen. The construction of the Merseburg Palace Garden Salon between 1727 and 1737, which served as a pavilion for garden parties, was commissioned by Duke Moritz Wilhelm, who died in 1731. Likewise the redesign of the courtyard facade of the castle with baroque decorative elements in 1730 and the furnishing of the castle chapel in 1731. A draft made in 1747, but not executed, for a new hood on the Königs- or Hausmannsturm in Merseburg, which burned down on December 8, 1744, comes from his pen.

Outside of Merseburg, August Ludwig von Anhalt-Köthen made use of Hoppenhaupt's services and had him arrange the festive illumination of the orangery in Köthen in 1729 , expand and sculpt the castle chapel in 1731, and in 1734 draw up an expert opinion on the state of preservation of the southwestern wing of the castle . For the successor in the House of Saxe-Merseburg, Duke Henry , built Hoppenhaupt 1735 the Duke pavilions in Lauchstädt and 1737/38 the so-called "Upper Water Art", a tower-like baroque building in the former monastery Altenburg, from which the Merseburg Castle and the cathedral precincts with Water from the Saale was supplied.

With the death of Duke Heinrich, the male line of the Merseburg ducal line died out in 1738 , so that the secondary school fell back to the Electorate of Saxony . Hoppenhaupt remained in his office and was confirmed by the reigning Saxon Elector Friedrich August II. With the title of Royal Polish, Elector of Saxon and Merseburg Monastery Landbaumeister .

family

Hoppenhaupt lived with his family since 1744 in a house in Merseburg's Unteraltenburg, which they had acquired in 1717, known locally as the "Sunken Castle". It was designed with dormer , input altan and pilasters to. The building was demolished in 1988 and rebuilt in 1998 with a reconstructed facade. After Johann Michael Hoppenhaupt's death in 1751, the youngest son Moritz Ehrenreich continued his father's business in Merseburg. The eldest son Johann Michael (the elder) and the subsequent Johann Christian (the younger) - who were given the addition of the older and the younger to differentiate their work - mainly worked in Prussia at the time of Frederick II and, along with other artists, played a key role Decorative style of the so-called " Frederician Rococo " involved. The sons came from the first marriage with Dorothea Catharina Huebner. After her death, Hoppenhaupt entered into a second marriage with Elisabeth Niehrens in 1745.

literature

• Charles F. Foerster : Hoppenhaupt (family) . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 17 : Heubel – Hubard . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1924, p. 487-488 .
• G. Pretzien: The Hoppenhaupts and their art. Merseburg 1934.
• Ludwig Grote: Johann Michael Hoppenhaupt, the creator of the porcelain cabinet in the Deutsches Museum . In: Yearbook of the Prussian Art Collections . tape 59 , no. 3 , 1938, ISSN  0934-618X , p. 250-257 , JSTOR : 25170036 .
• Peter Ramm: Baroque in Merseburg - Johann Michael Hoppenhaupt (1685 - 1751) and his time. Catalog for the memorial exhibition in the Museum Merseburg 1985, Merseburg 1988 (Merseburger Land, special issue 22).
• Hermann Heckmann: Hoppenhaupt, Johann Michael I. In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore e. V. (Ed.): Saxon Biography . ( saebi.isgv.de )