St. Martin (Brötzingen)
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The church of St. Martin in Brötzingen , a district of Pforzheim in Baden-Württemberg , is the original church of the place. The Christ Church was built next to it in 1911/12 . The old Martinskirche was profaned in 1938 and is now part of the Pforzheim City Museum .
history
The church goes back to a three-aisled flat-roofed basilica from the 13th century, which was built under the Lords of Weissenstein . At the turn of the 16th century the sacristy and choir were added. In 1580 “Kästen” and “ Gaden ” are mentioned around the church, so that it once had a defensive character as a place of retreat for the population in times of war. The Gaden were still taxed with a Kirchgadenzins in 1633, but were forfeited in 1702.
In general, the church was badly affected in the 17th century by the Thirty Years' War and the War of the Palatinate Succession . A subsequent fundamental renovation was not carried out, instead only parts of the church were renewed in the 18th century: in 1712 a new bell was collected, in 1722 the church received a new organ, and in 1723 a new bell. In spite of this, the church continued to fall into disrepair, and the archives contained numerous complaints about the condition and reports about poor repairs. In 1727 some of the benches were rotten, in 1731 the windows were so damaged that snow could even get onto the organ. In 1765 the church service was stopped because the building was finally too damaged and the tower threatened to collapse. The service for the Brötzinger took place in the castle church of St. Michael in Pforzheim, the Büchenbronn had to attend the service in Engelsbrand or Birkenfeld.
The damaged tower was demolished in 1766 and a new tower was built on its foundations. From 1767 to 1774 the nave was renewed. The new buildings were carried out according to plans by Wilhelm Jeremias Müller . A new rectory followed in 1783/84. In 1804 a new organ came.
However, the renovated church was just enough for a little more than 100 years, as plans for its demolition and a new building began again in 1894. In 1909, church building officer Heinrich Henz planned a new building in the surrounding churchyard to replace it. The original burial of the Brötzingers was in the churchyard until the 19th century. In 1865 the cemetery was abandoned and replaced by the cemetery in the Maihälden. The Christ Church was built on the old cemetery area in 1911/12 . At the same time a new rectory was built.
The old church of St. Martin was not demolished. Instead, it was used by the Lutheran congregation until 1938. Then it was profaned and in 1974 included in the Pforzheimer Heimatmuseum.
description
The oldest parts of the church are the late Gothic choir and the sacristy from around 1500. The choir arch has remains of paintings depicting a Last Judgment, and in the sacristy there is a wall painting with the four evangelists. The paintings probably date from the construction period around 1500 and were probably whitewashed around 1550 at the time of the Reformation . The frescoes were only uncovered in 1966 by restorer Schulz-Graefe from Schwetzingen.
The epitaph for Bernhard Meßner from 1493, who was probably a priest, has been preserved in the choir. In addition, until 1753 there was a gypsy grave in the church from 1551 with the image of a man leading a child. Its inscription read: Anno domini 1551 on April 25th died the Volgeborn Herr Antoni, Freygraff from Little Egypt of the Sel Got gracious and merciful be. The tomb resembles another gypsy tomb from 1448 in the castle church .
Until 1818, three Roman stones of the four gods were walled up in the church wall . These stones are now in the state collections in Karlsruhe.
literature
- Hermann Diruff and Christoph Timm: Art and cultural monuments in Pforzheim and in the Enzkreis. Theiss, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 978-3-8062-0824-5 , p. 94.
- Karl Ehmann: The history of the village Brötzingen. Pforzheim 1980, pp. 88-103.
Web links
- St. Martin in the Stadtwiki Pforzheim – Enz
Coordinates: 48 ° 53 ′ 26.9 " N , 8 ° 40 ′ 23.2" E