St. Mauritius (Bochingen)
St. Mauritius is a Catholic parish church in Bochingen , a district of Oberndorf am Neckar in the Rottweil district in the Rottenburg-Stuttgart diocese . In its current form, it was built in 1812 by Friedrich Bernhard Adam Groß . The tower and choir are late Gothic.
Church history
The patronage of St. Mauritius , first mentioned in writing in 1529, could refer to the 10th century. Presumably, when Bochingen passed to the Diocese of Chur in the 10th century, there was a parish that only became independent at the beginning of the 13th century. The first known pastor in Bochingen is named Lutholdus presbyter de Bochingen in the Liber constructionis monasterii ad St. Blasium for the 11th century . In 1364 this parish for Bochingen, Sigmarswangen and the abandoned village of Haarhausen was added to the district of the Augustinian monastery in Oberndorf. Bochingen became a focus of the monastic manorial rule of the Augustinian monastery, which shared this rule with other monasteries. The church set belonged to the Augustinian monastery in Oberndorf since 1559. According to Bachmor's Bochinger Chronik, the oldest parish registers go back to 1588. Until 1805 St. Mauritius was looked after by parish vicars. With the abolition of the monastery, the right of patronage fell to Württemberg. From the 6th century to the beginning of the 19th century, Bochingen belonged to the diocese of Constance and was subordinate to the archdeaconate “Vor dem Walde” or “Vorwald” (archidiaconatus ante nemus sive nigrae silvae) , here to the rural chapter of Rottweil and since 1814 to the rural chapter of Oberndorf . The church has belonged to the Rottenburg diocese since 1827.
Architecture and equipment
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Exterior construction
The church is not a uniform structure, but combines late Gothic (tower and choir) and arched style (nave). The old choir tower adjoins the new nave built by Friedrich Bernhard Adam Groß in 1811/1812 to the east and a polygonal choir niche with strong buttresses - both late Gothic. The tower has four floors, in the last one filled sound windows and on top of it a pointed four-sided tent roof. The ceiling of the ship is flat, the triumphal arch is pointed.
When the nave was added in 1811/12, the old Gothic choir - so Bachmor - was romanised, the Gothic pointed arched windows were knocked out and round arched windows were inserted. The choir niche was separated by plastering it and the choir was used as a sacristy. In 1855 Pastor Bachmor (1816–1886) had the middle altar removed, the choir arch blasted higher, it tapered off into a Gothic pointed arch and the choir vault painted by painter Sayer from Rottweil in a gloomy, uniform blue - studded with brass stars.
The choir has a remarkable net vault . It rests on nine consoles with images of the breasts of saints and symbols of the evangelists: St. Andrew, St. Martha and St. James the Elder; Lion, bull (both winged), eagle and human as well as four small children (souls) and two naked, entwined children with halos. On the three keystones are the world savior , Mary with the child and on a large rectangular shield St. Mauritius , a knight with a shield and flag on which three birds can be seen.
After 1855, the church was partially redesigned in four renovations (1920, 1973, 1984, 1998).
inner space
Rococo-style altars were brought from the secularized Bernstein Monastery to the parish church. A high altar covered the choir, which became the sacristy. The result was a church in the style of an “Evangelical prayer room”. The wall statues of Saints Joseph and John on the right in the nave are the work of the Schömberg wood sculptor Urban Faulhaber (1711–1780). The font comes from Brittheim and bears the year 1785. The wooden sculptures of Petrus and Paulus and Mauritius and Candidus from the Mayer'schen Hofkunstanstalt in Munich were attached to the walls of the choir . In 1882 Bachmor had the ceiling painted by the painter Steinwand from Horb.
With the interior renovation in 1973, the church was essentially given its current shape. The high altar, which Pastor Bachmor had bought, and the pulpit were removed, the confessional relocated. Restorer Lorch from Sigmaringen removed five overpaintings and restored the tower portal and choir vault to their Gothic originality. The organ built by Franz Engelfried from Rottenburg in 1850 , which at that time replaced a small organ from Gausser in Schömberg (1805), was repaired. The stained glass windows in the choir are by Hermann Geyer , the altar, ambo , candlesticks and tabernacle by Franz Bucher .
Bells
According to Bachmor's chronicle, there were initially three bells in the 19th century. The largest was cast in Reutlingen in 1823 by Joh. Kurz und Sohn . The second had the inscription: “Joh. Benjamin Grieninger in Villingen gos mich 1766. “The third and smallest bell was decorated with four small crucifixes and had an illegible inscription in Latin capital letters. At the beginning of the 20th century, these bells were melted down and four new ones were created by the Grieninger bell foundry in Villingen. Three of these bells had to be delivered due to the war in 1916. In 1921 the church received three new bells, which were delivered to the Reich Office for Metals on April 30, 1942. The smallest remained in St. Mauritius.
After the war, Johann Glück from Cologne donated a new bell to the Bochingen church out of gratitude, which was consecrated shortly before the currency reform in 1949. In 1954, two more bronze bells with the tones e and f sharp were consecrated. They come from the Brachert bell foundry in Heilbronn.
gallery
- Parish church of St. Mauritius - ribbed vault of the choir - keystones and consoles
Ecce homo
St. Mauritius
Madonna and Child
The innocent children
St. Martha
St. Andrew with St. Andrew's Cross
Eagle d. John
Lion of Ev. Markus
Bull d. Luke
Human d. Evangelist Matthew
St. Jacob the Elder
- Figurine jewelry St. Mauritius
Late Gothic Pietà with chandelier angels (around 1650)
St. Mauritius
St. Sebastian
Crucifix in the sacristy
- Side altars with altar leaves by Franz Sebald Unterberger (1706–1776)
St. Anthony of Padua with baby Jesus, above Francis of Assisi receives the stigmata
Assumption of Mary, about it Joachim and Anna teach Maria to read
swell
- Diocesan archive Rottenburg F II a Bü 239/3 files of the Catholic Church Council for the Bochingen parish archive
- Diocesan archive Rottenburg M 452 Parish archive Bochingen (only church and official registers, including parish and official chronicles)
- Diocesan Archives Rottenburg G.1.3 Local files of the Episcopal Ordinariate Bü 138
literature
- F [ranz] S [ales] Dreher: History of the parish and community of Bochingen . Stuttgart 1897.
- Egon Rieble: Seeing and discovering in the Rottweil district . Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-8062-0266-4 , p. 174 f .
- Church choir Bochingen (ed.): Festschrift 150 years of the church choir “St. Mauritius “Bochingen . Bochingen.
- State Archives Directorate Baden-Württemberg. The district of Rottweil (ed.): The district of Rottweil . 2nd Edition. tape 2 . Ulm 2004, p. 30-33 .
- City administration Oberndorf a. N., local administration (ed.): 100 years "Krone" in Oberndorf-Bochingen. On the 100th anniversary of the construction of the crown building . Oberndorf-Bochingen 2009.
Audiovisual material
- Citizens for Bochingen e. V. (Ed.): Bochingen yesterday & today. Göttingen 2016 (DVD) (including source material: Bachmor'sche Chronik, Dreher)
Web links
- Catholic parish church St. Mauritius in the database building research and restoration of the Stuttgart regional council. State Office for Monument Preservation
Remarks
- ↑ King Otto I (936–973) was considered a great admirer of Saint Mauritius, so that many churches were consecrated to the saint and date from the 10th century.