St. Petrus Canisius (Cologne)

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St. Petrus Canisius is a Catholic parish church in the Buchforst district of Cologne , which was built in 1930/1931 according to plans by the architects Wilhelm Riphahn and Caspar Maria Grod as the center of the White City settlement and was consecrated in February 1931. The church is under the patronage of the Jesuit Petrus Canisius and has been a listed building since 1983. It is one of the first Catholic churches in the functional style of modernism and is considered one of the few churches in Cologne built in the Bauhaus style .

Prehistory and construction

St. Petrus Canisius became the central building in the u. a. The settlement planned and implemented by the Gemeinnützige Aktiengesellschaft für Wohnungsbau (GAG) since 1926 in the Buchforst district, which was then called Kalkerfeld . The construction made it possible for the architects Riphahn and Grod for the first time to plan a church in harmony with the surrounding housing estate. A first draft, however, was not implemented because it was rejected by the responsible decision-makers in the Catholic Church. The second draft in the form of the new building, but with references to traditional church architecture, was finally implemented.

The consecration of the new church took place on February 15, 1931.

Much of the church was destroyed between 1942 and 1944, and in the reconstruction in 1948 - by Gottfried and Dominikus Böhm - was u. a. dispensed with the apse windows and bricked up their niches. In 1992 the architect Maria Schwarz redesigned the interior and some of the furnishings.

On April 12, 1983, St. Petrus Canisius was added to the list of monuments of the city of Cologne under the number 1402 . The formerly independent parish of St. Petrus Canisius was merged into the new parish of St. Mauritius in Cologne- Buchheim / Buchforst in 2006 .

Building description

Interior 2015

The central principles of the New Building are evident in this building insofar as it concentrates on the essential liturgical functions. The design of the church, which is not eastered , is a traditional basilica : an elevated nave with an apse closure is accompanied by single-storey side aisles. On the entrance side, an arbor with five round arches leads into the vestibule; The square tower rises out of this portico, protruding only slightly to the side. The outbuildings of the choir merge into the residential buildings.

Inside, the great hall remains without internal supports; this is achieved by pulling in strong concrete ties lengthways. Between these, the ceiling of the nave rises only slightly higher and extends flat into the apse . Originally, the raised altar area with apse windows was brightly lit and thus emphasized; the walls were painted in graduated shades of blue by Heinrich Hoerle . In the post-war church, the window niches are walled up and the apse is smoothly plastered. Light falls into the chancel through two side stained glass windows.

The nave is equipped with side ribbon windows, but structured by concrete supports. All windows are composed of small, square wall openings as a grid.

The window grids for structuring the surfaces can also be found on the tower. However, the tower , which was plastered white until it was destroyed, has now been clad with Eternit panels, which led a critic to the verdict in 2004 that the church was “in a poor condition” and the clear tower looked like a “ Lego brick ”.

Furnishing

The original apse windows were designed by Franz Wilhelm Seiwert . During the reconstruction of the church, the destroyed apse windows were not replaced, but walled up. All of the stained glass windows redesigned in 1957 were largely figurative by Wilhelm de Graaff . The windows of the aisles show scenes from the life of Petrus Canisius, on the north-western side in shades of red and green, on the south-eastern side in shades of blue. The motifs of the remaining choir windows are the twelve apostles ; further windows can be found in the baptistery and Mary's chapel.

Pre-war furnishings include the tabernacle by Eduard Schmitz and two statues by Josef Reimann from 1937. After the reconstruction, Heribert Calleen created a twelve-meter-high cross with a tiara to crown the tower in 1962 , which had to be temporarily removed in April 2009 for security reasons. after the brackets were rusted through.

More recent pieces - the tabernacle stele, ambo and altar table - were designed by Maria Schwarz on the occasion of the redesign of the choir room in 1992.

In 1968, Willi Peter installed a two-manual organ with 28 registers .

Two of the three bells of the pre-war building - cast by Friedrich Wilhelm Schilling - were destroyed by the effects of the war. The current bell is five-part and was cast in 1957 by the Mabilon bell foundry . The strikes are e 1 - g 1 - a 1 - h 1 - c 2

literature

  • Britta Funck: Wilhelm Riphahn: Architect in Cologne: an inventory . Ed .: Museum for Applied Art. Walther König, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-88375-881-7 , p. 76-85 .

Web links

Commons : St. Petrus Canisius  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Open Monument Day 2019 . Cologne 2019, p. 168 ( stadt-koeln.de [PDF]).
  2. ↑ a b c d Britta Funck: Wilhelm Riphahn: Architect in Cologne: an inventory . Ed .: Museum for Applied Art. Walther König, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-88375-881-7 , p. 76-85 .
  3. ↑ a b Dirk Risse: St. Petrus Canisius: The cross with money. July 27, 2009, accessed on April 13, 2020 (German).
  4. ↑ White City Settlement. In: rheinische-industriekultur.com. Rheinische Industriekultur eV, accessed on April 13, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Search in the list of monuments. Retrieved April 4, 2020 .
  6. ^ Official Journal of the Archdiocese of Cologne . No. 1 . Kön January 1, 2006, p. 10 .
  7. ↑ a b c Helmut Fußbroich, Dierk Holthausen: Architectural Guide Cologne: Sacred Buildings after 1900 . 1st edition. Bachem, Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-7616-1683-X , p. 62-63 .
  8. ^ Carsten Schmalstieg: Sankt Petrus Canisius . In: Manfred Becker-Huberti, Günter A. Menne (Ed.): Churches in Cologne. The churches of the Catholic and Protestant communities in Cologne. Bachem, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-7616-1731-3 , p. 137 .
  9. ^ Building on the white city - kulturwest.de. Accessed April 13, 2020 (German).
  10. ↑ Köln-Buchforst, Catholic Church of St. Petrus Canisius. In: glasmalerei-ev.net. Forschungsstelle Glasmalerei des 20 Jahrhundert eV, July 8, 2008, accessed on April 10, 2020 .
  11. ^ Gerhard Hoffs: Bells of Catholic churches in Cologne . Cologne 1985, p. 273-278 ( archive.org [PDF]).


Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 0.5 ″  N , 7 ° 0 ′ 25.5 ″  E