Maria Black

This article deals with the architect and university professor Maria Schwarz . For the actress, see Maria Schwarz (actress) .

Maria Schwarz in June 2011

Maria Schwarz (née Lang ; born October 3, 1921 in Aachen ; † February 15, 2018 in Cologne ) was a German architect and university lecturer .

Life

Maria Lang grew up as the second of three children of Elisabeth and Josef Lang in Aachen. Her father was in the Spengler companies active family, however, had originally studied architecture and aroused the interest in this profession with his children.

From 1941 she studied architecture with Otto Gruber , René von Schöfer and Hans Schwippert at the Technical University of Aachen . After graduating as a qualified engineer in 1946, she initially worked as an employee of Schwippert and von Schöfer in the reconstruction plans for Aachen and Jülich .

In 1949 she switched to the reconstruction society in Cologne as an architect, where she worked under the direction of Rudolf Schwarz with colleagues such as Fritz Schaller and Gottfried Böhm on the implementation of the general plan for the reconstruction of the destroyed city. Two years later she married Rudolf Schwarz. Since then, Maria Schwarz has been involved in many of the studio community's projects, often together with Karl Wimmenauer . There is evidence of her participation in ten church buildings until Rudolf Schwarz's death in 1961.

After the death of her husband, Maria Schwarz took over the management of the offices in Cologne and Frankfurt in 1961 and until 1967 devoted himself primarily to the completion of his planned and unfinished buildings. These included the parish church of Keferfeld in Linz (Upper Austria), St. Pius in Hausen (Obertshausen) , St. Ludger in Wuppertal-Vohwinkel, St. Bonifatius in Aachen and St. Raphael in Berlin . In the years that followed, she and her employees realized, among other things, church tower and altar designs. The latter were particularly necessary because of the liturgical reform decided by the Second Vatican Council and the structural changes in church rooms that this triggered.

A long-term focus of her activity was the administration of Rudolf Schwarz's estate. After the architect's death, she began looking for an archive that, on the one hand, could provide sufficient financial resources for the scientific processing of the legacy and, on the other hand, would enable her to actively participate in it. In 1988, the selection finally fell on the Historical Archives of the Archdiocese of Cologne , which set up a special position for the cataloging of the estate.

Since 1992, Schwarz has been working in a shared office with two other independent architects. Since then, the focus of her work has been on redesigning and renovating churches and designing a number of organ prospectuses .

In 1995, Professor Friedrich Kurrent appointed Schwarz to the chair for design, interior design and sacred architecture at the Technical University of Munich for the diploma thesis “Cathedral of Our Time”. From 1996 to 2008, he took over the subject of sacred architecture as a lecturer at the Technical University of Munich.

Maria Schwarz was for many years a member of the then honorary board of directors of the Social Service of Catholic Men (SKM) in Cologne and the first woman to take on such an office there. She advised the SKM on all construction matters.

Maria Schwarz died at the age of 96 and was buried on February 27, 2018 in the Cologne-Müngersdorf cemetery (hall 12 no. 6/7). In June of that year she and her husband Rudolf Schwarz were posthumously appointed citizens of the city of Cologne. The common burial site is preserved as an honor grave .

Buildings (selection)

• 1946–1954: Competition and reconstruction of the parish church of St. Mechtern in Cologne-Ehrenfeld (collaboration)
• 1949–1955: Festhaus Gürzenich and St. Alban in Cologne (collaboration)
• 1950–1952: St. Marien parish church in Cologne-Kalk (collaboration)
• 1950–1953: Interior construction of the Liebfrauenkirche in Trier (collaboration)
• 1952–1954: Parish Church of St. Albertus Magnus in Andernach (collaboration)
• 1951–1956: Parish church St. Anna with community center in Düren (collaboration)
• 1952–1956: St. Michael parish church with rectory in Frankfurt am Main (collaboration), since 2007 center for funeral pastoral care of the Diocese of Limburg
• 1952–1954: Parish church St. Maria-Königin with community center in Frechen (collaboration)
• 1957–1959: Maria Königin Community Center in Saarbrücken (collaboration)
• 1952–1953: Interior of the cathedral in Münster (collaboration)
• 1954–1957: Parish Church of St. Franziskus in Essen-Bedingrade (partner)
• 1954–1956: Schwarz single-family home with office in Cologne-Müngersdorf (partner)
• 1954–1965: Parish church of St. Christophorus with community center (completion)
• 1956–1963: Keferfeld parish church with community center in Linz-Keferfeld (partner, completion)
• 1956–1963: Parish Church of St. Florian in Vienna-Margareten (completion)
• 1956–1966: Christ König parish church in Weinbach-Gräveneck (partner, completion)
• 1957–1963: Parish Church of St. Pius X. with community center in Wuppertal-Barmen (completion)
• 1958–1962: Parish church of St. Pius with community center in Hausen (Obertshausen) (implementation)
• 1959–1964: Parish church St. Bonifatius with community center in Aachen-Forst (partner, implementation)
• 1959–1965: Parish Church of St. Raphael in Berlin-Gatow (implementation) (demolished in 2005)
• 1959–1964: Parish church St. Bonifatius with community center in Wetzlar (implementation)
• 1959–1965: Parish Church of St. Ludger in Wuppertal-Vohwinkel (implementation)
• 1960–1967: Parish Church of the Holy Cross in Soest (implementation)
• 1970s: Redesign and renovation of the choir of the parish church of St. Mechtern in Cologne-Ehrenfeld
• 1986–1988: Redesign of the Paulskirche in Frankfurt (artistic director)

Awards

• 2000: Plaques of honor from the Cologne Architects and Engineers Association
• 2008: Honorary membership of the Architecture Forum Rhineland

Fonts

Editing

• (with Rudolf Schwarz, Josef Rüenauver , Albert Gerhards): Church building. World before the threshold.
• Rudolf Schwarz: Wegweisung der Technik and other writings on New Building 1926–1961, ed. by Maria Schwarz and Ulrich Conrads (= Bauwelt Fundamente , 51st) Braunschweig / Wiesbaden 1979.
• Rudolf Schwarz. ed. by Manfred Sundermann, Claudia Lang, Maria Schwarz (= Architecture and Monument Preservation , Volume 17.) Bonn 1981.

literature

• Annette Krapp: The architect Maria Schwarz: A life for church building (=  studies on church and art, 14 SKK-14 ). Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-7954-2879-2 .
• Wolfgang Pehnt , Hilde Strohl: Rudolf Schwarz 1897–1961. Architect of another modern age. Gerd Hatje, Ostfildern-Ruit 1997, ISBN 3-7757-0642-9 .

Web links

Commons : Maria Schwarz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Annette Krapp: Maria Schwarz. Passionate architect. (PDF; 9.2 MB) Information boards from an exhibition in the House of Architecture. (No longer available online.) Museum of Architecture and Engineering NRW, 2008, formerly in the original ; accessed on February 16, 2018 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  
• Annette Krapp: The church builder - The architect and sculptor Maria Schwarz on her 95th birthday in bauwelt.de
• Uta Winterhager: Our buildings were our children. Conversation with Annette Krapp about her dissertation “The Architect Maria Schwarz”. koelnarchitektur.de, April 18, 2016

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Shaping the legacy. On the death of Maria Schwarz . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , February 16, 2018, page 12
2. ↑ Agatha Buslei-Wuppermann: Streitbare architect and preserver . In: Chamber of Architects NRW (Ed.): DAB / Regional . No. 04-2018 . planet c GmbH, Düsseldorf, p. 14-15 .
3. ↑ On the death of Maria Schwarz. Faculty of Architecture - Technical University of Munich, March 6, 2018, accessed on May 8, 2018 . 
4. ^ Wolfgang Pehnt, Hilde Strohl: Rudolf Schwarz, Architect of Another Modernism. Gerd Hatje, Ostfildern-Ruit 1997, ISBN 3-7757-0642-9 , p. 179.
5. ↑ ^{a b c} Annette Krapp: Maria Schwarz. Passionate architect. (PDF; 9.2 MB) Information boards from an exhibition in the House of Architecture. (No longer available online.) Museum of Architecture and Engineering NRW, 2008, formerly in the original ; accessed on February 16, 2018 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  
6. ^ Lecture by Maria Schwarz and Ulrich Helbach in the Historical Archives of the Archdiocese of Cologne , June 6, 2011.
7. ↑ Obituary notice of the SKM Cologne in the Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger No. 53 Saturday / Sunday, 3rd / 4th March 2018
8. ↑ Cologne Council Decision of June 25, 2018. Accessed December 16, 2018 . 
9. ↑ The woman at his side: Awarding of the AIV plaques of honor in Cologne . BauNetz.de, December 1, 2000, accessed on February 16, 2018.
10. ↑ Christian Wendling: Awarding of AFR honorary membership to Prof. Maria Schwarz. Haus der Architektur Cologne, September 4, 2008, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on February 16, 2018 .