Prickly dwarf catfish
| Prickly dwarf catfish | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Scoloplacidae | ||||||||||||
| Bailey & Baskin , 1976 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Scoloplax | ||||||||||||
| Bailey & Baskin, 1976 |
The prickly dwarf catfish are a genus ( Scoloplax ) and family (Scoloplacidae) from the order of the catfish-like (Siluriformes). It occurs with six species in South America in the Amazon , Rio Tocantins , Río Paraná and Río Paraguay .
features
Prickly dwarf catfish are small fish that are no more than 20 millimeters long. The head is flat and broad with the eyes on top and a small, slightly underneath mouth . Barbells are on the upper and lower jaw and the temple. Between the nostrils there is a rostral plate with numerous skin teeth bent backwards, which distinguishes the prickly dwarf catfish from all other catfish. The body is elongated and relatively slender with double rows of cuticle-bearing bone plates from the dorsal and anal fin to the caudal fin and a fifth such row from the anus to the anal fin. Skin teeth can also appear on the rest of the body and are also located on the hard rays of the pectoral and dorsal fin. The males are smaller than the females and have a fleshy flap on the gill cover . The females have a large, sac-like sexual papilla .
The dorsal fin has a strong, smooth hard ray and three to five branched soft rays, the short anal fin has a thickened, unbranched and four or five branched soft rays. The pectoral fins have a strong hard ray and three to four branched soft rays. The caudal fin has ten to twelve primary rays. An adipose fin is missing.
Way of life
Prickly dwarf catfish are nocturnal and hide during the day in leaf remains or between aquatic plants at the bottom of lakes, ponds and rivers rich in vegetation. The serrated rostral plate may help hold the position. An air breathing through the modified digestive tract is probably possible and might to survive in oxygen-poor be useful shallow water areas.
Systematics
Six species of the prickly dwarf catfish have been described:
- Scoloplax baileyi Rocha et al., 2012
- Scoloplax baskini Rocha, de Oliviera, Py-Daniel, 2008
- Scoloplax dicra Bailey, Baskin, 1976
- Scoloplax distolothrix Schaefer, Weitzman, Britski, 1989
- Scoloplax dolicholophia Schaefer, Weitzman, Britski, 1989
- Scoloplax empousa Schaefer, Weitzman, Britski, 1989
swell
- Roberto E. Reis, Sven O. Kullander, Carl J. Ferraris (Eds.): Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America . Edipucrs, Porto Alegre 2003, ISBN 85-7430-361-5 , pp. 310-311 .
- Tim M. Berra: Freshwater Fish Distribution . The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2007, ISBN 978-0-226-04442-2 , pp. 226-228 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marcelo Salles Rocha, Renildo Ribeiro de Oliveira, Lúcia H. Rapp Py-Daniel: Scoloplax baskini: a new spiny dwarf catfish from rio Aripuanã, Amazonas, Brazil (Loricarioidei: Scoloplacidae) . In: Neotropical ichthyology . tape 6 , no. 3 , 2008, p. 323–328 (English, scielo.br [PDF]).
- ↑ Entry of the genre at ITIS
- ↑ Rocha, R., Lazzarotto, H. & Rapp Py-Daniel, L. (2012): A New Species of Scoloplax with a Remarkable New Tooth Morphology within Loricarioidea (Siluriformes: Scoloplacidae). Copeia , 2012 (4): 670-677.
Web links
- Prickly dwarf catfish on Fishbase.org (English)