City Church Nossen
The Protestant town church Nossen is a baroque hall church in Nossen in the district of Meißen in Saxony . It belongs to the parish of Nossen in the church district of Meißen of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Saxony and contains valuable Romanesque works of art from the Altzella monastery with the portals .
history
The town church is the oldest church in town and was first mentioned in 1254. It was destroyed in a city fire in 1540. For the new building begun in 1565 by Andreas Lorentz, Elector August gave two late Romanesque portals from the Altzella monastery, which was secularized in 1540 , which were used as the west and south portals; Another late Gothic portal, taken over in 1563, was installed in the eastern part of the south facade in 1719. The church was damaged again in further fires in 1577 and 1680. After the fire of 1719, only the surrounding walls and the tower substructure from 1565 and the tower structure from 1680 remained. The reconstruction as a hall church extended to the east was completed under the supervision of the Oberlandbauamt by 1722; The patrons of the Augustusberg manor also took part. The importance of the church in terms of urban development already arose when it was built in 1565 through its position as a mediator between the city and the palace and was emphasized by the new building in 1722. Changes to the exterior and an interior restoration were carried out in 1933/1934, an overall restoration in 1964/1965 and an exterior restoration from 1991–1995. Other minor repairs and work on the equipment were carried out in the years 2008–2012.
architecture
The church is designed as a plastered structure made of broken and brick masonry, which partly comes from the buildings of the Altzella monastery that were demolished in 1565. The aisle church with the choir just closed dates from 1565 in the western part, the eastern part was added from 1719-1722. A hipped gable roof with bat dormers completes the building. The sacristy , which was redesigned in 1933/1934, is built on the east side .
The two large entrance portals are located on the southern and western tower façades, which also dominate the market as an eye-catcher. The late Romanesque south portal made of sandstone from around 1220/1230 was originally located in the cloister of the Altzella monastery as the entrance portal of the summer refectory . Three-quarter columns with profiled posts alternate in a stepped sequence on the portal walls, the former are decorated with so-called bells. The archivolt profiles correspond to the structure of the garments, are closed in a slightly ogival shape and encompass a similar tympanum . In the archivolts there is a rib of a whale , which was restored in 2012 and replaced by a copy. The row of capitals on the right wall is decorated with long-stemmed serrated leaves; the middle one meets an overlying bud that develops from a palmette . In contrast, the left row is decorated with leaf shapes that emerge from bundles of stems and are rolled up under the fighter plate or tilted downwards at their corners and are fully unfolded. In the framed tympanum there is a ring-shaped braided band ornament with eight regularly extending loops, the frame is decorated with a plait and a ring frieze. Such ornaments were mainly attached to doors and windows in the Middle Ages as a magic defense charm . On the portal there are numerous figures carved into the stone to aid in relocation. Above the portal is a relief stone with the year 1565, depicting the crucified Christ and the electoral alliance coat of arms , in front of which a six-step sandstone staircase leads to the entrance.
The late Romanesque west portal, to which nine steps lead up, is made of sandstone and purple porphyry and dates from around 1220/1230. It used to be the entrance from the cloister to the chapter house . The vestments of this stepped portal are each provided with four columns with leaf capitals and fighters, above them are arched archivolts without a tympanum. A simpler, late Gothic sandstone portal is built into the eastern part of the south facade. Eight late Romanesque figure consoles are walled in over the coffin cornice, which also come from Altzella, presumably from the All Saints Chapel, where they served as beginners' vaults.
The windows are arranged in two rows, the lower small circular ones on the south side date from 1934, the upper ones are ogival from 1565 and 1722; their window sills are incorporated into the surrounding coffee cornice. The tower, which is square in plan, is set in the west side of the church and provided with base and coffin cornices. The upper floor merges into an octagon and closes with a shielded helmet.
The interior is closed off with a flat ceiling over a hollow, the stucco frame of the ceiling dates from 1934. Three-storey wooden galleries are arranged on three sides, the lower one from 1722, the upper one from the 19th century. On the south side, the mansion's lodge with an inscription in the gable, which protrudes slightly from the line of the lower gallery, is roofed and glazed, reminds of the patron saint Hans Adolph von Haugwitz († 1714). The coats of arms painted on metal shields on the parapet refer to those of Klengel, von Haugwitz and von Ronow and Bieberstein, the electoral coat of arms can also be found on the galleries and that of the city of Nossen on the council gallery. The swinging organ gallery is provided with baluster parapets. The east end from 1934 is designed with a large round-arched altar niche, a circular window above the gable of the altar and a small round-arched window on each side.
Furnishing
The pulpit altar dates from 1732 and is located in a late Gothic canteen . The slim structure made of wood is gray and marbled, the ornamental decor is gilded and provided with a pair of Corinthian columns on pedestals , the downstream pilasters are provided with ornamental scrolls on the sides, the upper end of the altar structure with gable pieces, in between there is a gilded halo . The pulpit is octagonal, its access from behind is accentuated by a carved drapery , its richly carved sound cover with lambrequins . The baptismal font from 1723 is made of sandstone in a massive baroque octagon shape, on the walls there are painted Bible sayings and the donor's inscription.
The organ prospectus of the late Rococo probably dates from 1796, is painted white and gold and was laterally extended by Eule Orgelbau Bautzen during the new building in 1934 . On each side of the prospectus is a round canvas picture from the 19th century in a gold frame depicting the birth of Christ and the twelve-year-old Christ in the temple by Wilhelm Walther . Today's organ from 1934 has 30 stops on three manuals and a pedal .
Peal
In March 2005, three new bronze bells were cast at the Bachert bell foundry in Karlsruhe, which were consecrated on June 18, 2006 with a large festival and raised on June 20. Since the commissioning on July 3, 2006, the parish of Nossen has had a complete and beautiful bronze bell again. The bell cage is made of oak like the bell yokes and was renewed in 2005. Below is a data overview of the bell:
| No. | Casting date | Caster | material | diameter | Dimensions | Chime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2005 | A. Bachert bell foundry | bronze | 1252 mm | 1196 kg | e ′ |
| 2 | 2005 | A. Bachert bell foundry | bronze | 1088 mm | 880 kg | G' |
| 3 | 2005 | A. Bachert bell foundry | bronze | 877 mm | 450 kg | H' |
literature
- Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Saxony I. District of Dresden. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-422-03043-3 , pp. 646–648.
- Rainer Thümmel : Bells in Saxony . Sound between heaven and earth. Ed .: Evangelical Regional Church Office of Saxony . 2nd, updated and supplemented edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2015, ISBN 978-3-374-02871-9 , p. 338 (With a foreword by Jochen Bohl and photographs by Klaus-Peter Meißner}).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Information about the organ on the website of the municipality. Retrieved March 17, 2019 .
- ^ Friedrich and Helga Möbius: Ecclesia ornata . 1st edition. Union Verlag, Berlin 1974.
- ^ A b Rainer Thümmel : Bells in Saxony . Sound between heaven and earth. Ed .: Evangelical Regional Church Office of Saxony . 2nd, updated and supplemented edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2015, ISBN 978-3-374-02871-9 , pp. 338 (With a foreword by Jochen Bohl and photographs by Klaus-Peter Meißner).
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 30.7 ″ N , 13 ° 18 ′ 0.6 ″ E