Gorse (genus)

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Gorse
Ulex parviflorus

Ulex parviflorus

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Tribe : Genisteae
Genre : Gorse
Scientific name
Ulex
L.

Gorse ( Ulex ) is a genus of plants from the legume family (Fabaceae).

features

They are strong and densely branched bushes that are armed with thorns . The twigs are grooved or grooved when young. All branches end in a thorn. The leaves are alternate. In seedlings, the first leaves are threefold. The subsequent leaves are simple at first, later they are reduced to needle-shaped, often piercing phyllodes . There are more thorns in the axils of the leaves. Stipules are missing.

Ulex cantabricus

The flowers stand individually up to three in axils on long or short shoots. Sometimes they are heaped at the ends of the shoots. Below the calyx there are two small prophylls. The calyx is yellow, thin-skinned and remains until the fruit is ripe. It is divided into two lips almost to the bottom. The upper lip is two-toothed, the lower lip three-toothed. The crown is yellow, the boat has woolly hair on the keel. The stamens are all fused into a tube. The ovary is sessile and hairy. The flowers are pollen butterfly flowers with a quick release mechanism.

The pods are egg-shaped to short linear. Most of them tower above the calyx and are hairy. A pod contains one to six seeds with an umbilical bulge.

distribution

The genus is mainly found in Western Europe, to a lesser extent in North Africa. Most of the species are found on the Iberian Peninsula. In Central Europe only the kind of gorse ( Ulex europaeus ) occurs.

Systematics

Within the subfamily Faboideae , the genus is placed in the tribe Genisteae . The genus includes around 20 species. The only Central European species is:

  • Gorse ( Ulex europaeus )
Ulex borgiae
Ulex gallii
Ulex parviflorus

Here are the recognized scientific names of the 11 species and 13 subspecies:

  • Ulex argenteus Webb : With the subspecies:
    • Ulex argenteus subsp. argenteus : It occurs in Portugal.
    • Ulex argenteus subsp. erinaceus (Webb) DA Webb : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
    • Ulex argenteus subsp. subsericeus (Cout.) Rothm. : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
  • Ulex boivinii Webb : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Portugal and Spain.
  • Ulex borgiae Rivas Mart. : It occurs in Spain.
  • Ulex cantabricus Álv. Mart. & al. : It is originally found in Spain.
  • Ulex densus Webb : It occurs in Portugal.
  • Ulex europaeus L .: With the subspecies:
    • Ulex europaeus subsp. borealis Rothm.
    • Ulex europaeus subsp. europaeus
    • Ulex europaeus subsp. latebracteatus (Mariz) Rothm.
  • Ulex gallii Planch. : It occurs in Spain, France, Ireland and Great Britain.
  • Ulex genistoid bread. : With the subspecies:
    • Ulex genistoides subsp. genistoides : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
    • Ulex genistoides subsp. spectabilis (Webb) C. Vicioso : It occurs in Morocco and Portugal.
  • Ulex micranthus Lange : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
  • Ulex minor Roth : It occurs in Portugal, Spain, France and Great Britain.
  • Ulex parviflorus Pourr. : With the subspecies:
    • Ulex parviflorus subsp. africanus (Webb) Greuter : It occurs in Morocco and Algeria.
    • Ulex parviflorus subsp. eriocladus (C. Vicioso) DA Webb : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
    • Ulex parviflorus subsp. funkii (Webb) Guinea : It occurs in Morocco and Spain.
    • Ulex parviflorus subsp. jussiaei (Webb) DA Webb : It occurs in Portugal and Spain.
    • Ulex parviflorus subsp. parviflorus : It occurs in Portugal, Spain, France and the Balearic Islands .

literature

  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Peter Schütt , Hans J. Schuck, Bernhard Stimm (ed.): Lexicon of tree and shrub species. Special edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-53-8 .
  2. ↑ Flora of Chile (PDF; 149 kB)
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q data sheet Ulex In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Gorse ( Ulex )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files