Stone box in the Rijsterbos

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Stone box in the Rijsterbos Hunebed F1
Reconstruction of the Rijs stone box

Reconstruction of the Rijs stone box
Stone box in Rijsterbos (Netherlands)
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 52 ° 51 '19.8 "  N , 5 ° 29' 18.5"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 51 '19.8 "  N , 5 ° 29' 18.5"  E
place De Fryske Marren , OT Rijs , Friesland , The Netherlands
Emergence 3500 to 2800 BC Chr.
van Giffen no. F1

The stone box in Rijsterbos was a stone box grave of the Neolithic funnel cup culture near Rijs , a district of the municipality of De Fryske Marren in the Dutch province of Friesland . The facility was discovered in 1849 and probably destroyed a little later. The grave and its remains have been archaeologically examined several times. It bears the van Giffen number F1. The facility was originally classified as a large stone grave by Albert Egges van Giffen , while Jan N. Lanting classified it as a stone box in 1996.

location

The grave was located south of Rijs in the Rijsterbos forest and can be reached via a forest path.

Research history

The facility was discovered in March 1849 while digging drainage ditches. Shortly afterwards, Leonhardt Johannes Friedrich Janssen , curator at the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden , carried out an investigation. A little later the stones of the grave were completely removed. As was customary at the time, they were smashed and used for building roads and dykes. The remains of the facility were re-examined by Albert Egges van Giffen in 1922. In 1958, van Giffen reconstructed the grave, which was then no longer visible above ground, by filling the stand holes in the wall stones with concrete . In 1996 another investigation was carried out by Jan N. Lanting .

description

The complex had an almost east-west oriented burial chamber sunk into the ground , which originally probably had a flat mound. The chamber was 4.5 m long and 1.2 m wide. During his examination, Janssen found seven wall stones on the long sides and one end stone on one narrow side, but no cap stones. Van Giffen was able to make out the standing holes in the stones and thus establish that the chamber originally had five pairs of wall stones on the long sides and one end stone each on the narrow sides. The stones each had a diameter of about 50 cm. After his investigation in 1996, Lanting came to the conclusion that the facility should not be viewed as a large stone grave, but as a stone box. Lanting justified this with the relatively small size of the facility and the stones used, the lack of cap stones and the location of the burial chamber below instead of above the ground.

Finds

During the excavation of Janssen, fragments of ceramic vessels of the funnel beaker culture were found. They ended up in the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden. Van Giffen found other broken pieces and flint objects . The fragments could be reconstructed into 15-25 vessels, including some pots with ladder tape patterns . Typologically, the pottery belongs to the oldest stage of the funnel cup culture in the Netherlands. The flint tools also included four sharpened axes, including one of the Lindø type.

According to Jan Albert Bakker , the number of ceramic finds and flint axes , which is relatively high for a stone box grave, suggests that the complex was not used for a one-off burial, but, similar to a large stone grave, as a collective grave for a longer period of time .

See also

literature

  • Jan Albert Bakker : A list of the extant and formerly present hunebedden in the Netherlands. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 30, 1988, pp. 63-72 ( online ).
  • Jan Albert Bakker: The Dutch Hunebedden. Megalithic Tombs of the Funnel Beaker Culture. International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor 1992, ISBN 1-87962-102-9 .
  • Jan Albert Bakker: Megalithic Research in the Netherlands, 1547-1911. From 'Giant's Beds' and 'Pillars of Hercules' to accurate investigations. Sidestone Press, Leiden 2010, ISBN 9789088900341 , p. 202 ( online version ).
  • Albert Egges van Giffen : De Hunebedden in Nederland , 3 volumes. Oosthoek, Utrecht 1925.
  • Evert van Ginkel , Sake Jager, Wijnand van der Sanden: Hunebedden. Monuments van een steentijdcultuur. Uniepers, Abcoude 1999, ISBN 978-9068252026 , p. 193.
  • Jan N. Lanting: Het zogenaamde hunebed van Rijs (Fr.). In: Paleo-Aktueel. Volume 8, 1997, pp. 47-50.

Web links

Commons : Rijs stone chest  - collection of images, videos and audio files