Sten Grillner

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Sten Erik Grillner (born June 14, 1941 in Stockholm ) is a Swedish neuroscientist .

Grillner studied medicine at the University of Gothenburg (candidate title 1962) and received his doctorate there in 1969 in neurophysiology (title of the dissertation: Supraspinal and segmental control of static and dynamic y-motoneurones in the cat ). After that he was a lecturer in Gothenburg until 1975. In 1971 he was a visiting scholar at the Soviet Academy of Sciences in Moscow. He has been Professor of Physiology at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm since 1975 in the Neuroscience Department, which he headed from 1993 to 2000. Since 1987 he has been professor and director of the Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology at the Karolinska Institute.

He explores the cellular neural basis of the basic motor programs that animals are equipped with, e.g. B. to generate locomotion, for posture and orientation or eye movement. The role of individual nerve cells is examined (which are often equipped with individually different ion channels) and their synaptic interconnection in order to explain higher functional properties of the nerve networks. He mainly uses the lamprey as an animal model, but also mammals, for example when examining the question of how the sequence of the individual elementary motor programs is controlled. Using the lamprey model in 1987, he and colleagues succeeded in elucidating the motor mechanisms for movement, posture and control at the cellular level in detail. Later he was able to show that basic elements of the system were also preserved in evolution in higher vertebrates.

In 2008 he and Pasko Rakic and Thomas Jessell received the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience for showing how networks of nerve cells in the spinal cord of mammals generate elementary rhythmic motor movements. In 2003 he received the Neuronal Plasticity Prize , in 1993 the Bristol-Myers Squibb Award in Neuroscience, in 2005 the Ralph W. Gerard Prize of the Society of Neuroscience and in 2006 the Finnish Ragnar Granit Prize.

He has been a member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences since 1993 (member of the Board of Directors and Chairman of the Biology Department since 2004) and of the Norwegian Academy of Sciences since 1997 and of the Academia Europaea since 1990 . He has been a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 2010 and is a member of their Institute of Medicine. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the EMBO .

From 1987 to 1997 he was a member of the Nobel Committee for Physiology and Medicine and from 1995 to 1997 chairman of the Nobel Committee. From 1988 to 2008 he was a member of the Nobel Assembly of the Karolinska Institute and in 2005 its chairman.

In 2009 he was President of the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies.

He has been married since 1963 and has two children.

Fonts

Books:

  • Editor with Gordon M. Shepherd Handbook of Brain Microcircuits , Oxford University Press 2010
  • with GN Orlovsky, TG Deliagina Neuronal control of locomotion: from mollusc to man , Oxford University Press 1999
  • Editor with Avis H. Cohen, Serge Rossignol Neural control of rhythmic movements in vertebrates , Wiley 1988
  • Editor with AM Graybiel Microcircuits: the interface between neurons and global brain functions (Dahlem Workshop), MIT Press 2006

Selected essays:

  • Neural networks for vertebrate locomotion , Scientific American, January 1996
  • with M. Stephenson-Jones, E. Samuelsson, J. Ericsson, B. Robertson: Evolutionary conservation of the basal ganglia as a common vertebrate mechanism for action selection , Current Biology, Volume 21, 2011, pp. 1081-1091
  • with A. Kozlog, M. Huss, A. Lansner, JH Kotaleski JH: Simple cellular and network control principles governs complex patterns of motor behavior , Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA , Volume 106, 2009, p. 20027– 20032
  • Biological pattern generation: The cellular and computational logic of networks in motion , Neuron, Volume 52, 2006, pp. 751-766
  • with J. Hellgren, A. Ménard, K. Saitoh, M. Wikström Mechanisms for selection of basic motor programs - roles for the striatum and pallidum , Trends in Neuroscience, Volume 28, 2005, pp. 364-370
  • The motor infrastructure: From ion channels to neuronal networks , Nature Reviews Neuroscience , Volume 4, 2003, pp. 573-586
  • with T. Matsushima The neural network underlying locomotion in lamprey-synaptic and cellular mechanisms , Neuron, Volume 7, 1991, pp. 1-15.
  • Neurobiological bases of rhythmic motor acts in vertebrates , Science , Volume 228, 1985, pp. 143-149.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Who's Who in Medicine and Healthcare 1999/2000 , Marquis Who's Who 1998
  2. ↑ 2008 Kavli Prize Laureates in Neuroscience. In: kavliprize.org. Retrieved April 27, 2017 (English).
  3. ↑ EMBO enlarges its membership for 50th anniversary. Press release from May 8, 2014 at the Science Information Service (idw-online.de)
personal data
SURNAME Grillner, Sten
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Grillner, Sten Erik (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish neuroscientist
DATE OF BIRTH June 14, 1941
PLACE OF BIRTH Stockholm