Stenodema holsata
| Stenodema holsata | ||||||||||||
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Stenodema holsata |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Stenodema holsata | ||||||||||||
| ( Fabricius , 1787) |
Stenodema holsata is a species of bug from the family of soft bugs (Miridae).
features
The bugs are 5.4 to 4.6 millimeters long. The species of the genus Stenodema have an elongated body and have a longitudinal pit between the compound eyes . The roughly and densely dotted pronotum is characteristic . Stenodema holsata is similar to Stenodema laevigata , but is much shorter and has a broader physique, which bears some resemblance to Acertropis gimmerthalii . The long, dense hairs on the first part of the antennae are shorter than in the other species of the genus Stenodema . The pronotum is thickest in the middle and shorter than the head and the pronotum are wide. The sides of the hemielytras are light and turn brown in autumn, green again in spring. The basic color before overwintering is yellow-brown in the females and darker brown in the males. After wintering, the females turn green. In both sexes the wings are shortened, but there are rarely individuals in which the wings are fully developed (macropter).
Occurrence and habitat
The species is widespread in Northern and Central Europe, south to north of the Mediterranean area, where it occurs only montane. In the east, the distribution extends to Siberia and across Asia Minor and Central Asia to China. The species occurs everywhere in Germany and Austria, but is relatively rare in northwestern Germany, but very common in the low mountain ranges and the Alps, where it rises well above 2000 meters above sea level. More humid meadow biotopes such as hay meadows, pastures, forest meadows and open and partially shaded habitats and forests are populated. The species is less moisture-bound than Stenodema calcarata . It is not uncommon to find them in the lowlands on nutrient-rich, agricultural meadows.
Way of life
Stenodema holsata lives at various grasses (Poaceae), such as timothy grass ( Phleum ), whistling grasses ( Molinia ) Rispengräsern ( Poa ), honey grasses ( Holcus ), riding grasses ( Calamagrostis ), deschampsia ( Deschampsia ) or bunch grasses ( Agrostis ) and also bins plants (Juncaceae), such as grove ( Luzula ) and rushes ( Juncus ).
Only one generation develops each year. The overwintering adults reappear from May and mate. The eggs are laid until June, the adults of the new generation appear from the end of July. The eggs are laid in the ears and also in the leaves and leaf sheaths of the food plants. These new generation bugs are initially gray-yellow in color and darken towards winter. Overwintering takes place in the litter or in tufts of grass near trees. Occasionally, they can also be actively observed in winter.
supporting documents
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Ekkehard Wachmann , Albert Melber, Jürgen Deckert: Bugs. Volume 2: Cimicomorpha: Microphysidae (lichen bugs), Miridae (soft bugs) (= The animal world of Germany and the adjacent parts of the sea according to their characteristics and their way of life . 75th part). Goecke & Evers, Keltern 2006, ISBN 3-931374-57-2 , p. 143 f .
- ↑ Stenodema holsata. British Bugs, accessed July 4, 2015 .
- ↑ Frieder Sauer: Sauer's nature guide recognized bugs and cicadas from color photos . Fauna, Keltern 1996, ISBN 3-923010-12-5 , p. 146 .
literature
- Frieder Sauer: Sauer's nature guide recognized bugs and cicadas from color photos . Fauna, Keltern 1996, ISBN 3-923010-12-5 .
- Ekkehard Wachmann , Albert Melber, Jürgen Deckert: Bugs. Volume 2: Cimicomorpha: Microphysidae (lichen bugs), Miridae (soft bugs) (= The animal world of Germany and the adjacent parts of the sea according to their characteristics and their way of life . 75th part). Goecke & Evers, Keltern 2006, ISBN 3-931374-57-2 .
Web links
- Stenodema holsata in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved July 4, 2015