Honey grasses
Honey grasses | ||||||||||||
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Woolly honeygrass ( Holcus lanatus ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Holcus | ||||||||||||
L. |
Honey grasses ( Holcus ) are a genus within the sweet grass family (Poaceae). They are mainly characterized by a velvety hair.
description
Honey grasses are annual or perennial , more or less hairy herbaceous plants . The leaves are flat. The inflorescences are more or less dense panicles . The spikelets are compressed and two, rarely three-flowered. The lowest single flower is bisexual, the upper mostly male. The somewhat unequal glumes are paper-like and usually completely surround the lemmas and the entire spikelet. The lower ones are one-nerved, the upper three-nerved. The mostly indistinctly annoyed lemmas are rounded on the back. The upper and / or lower lemmas are awned. The awns stick out more or less far from the male spikelets. The ligules (ligules) are membranous and often fringed.
distribution
The distribution area of the twelve species extends from Europe via Macaronesia, North Africa and South Africa to Southwest Asia .
species
The genus includes about twelve species:
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Holcus annuus
salt m. ex CA Mey. : It occurs in three subspecies:
- Holcus annuus subsp. annuus : It occurs from the Mediterranean to Transcaucasia.
- Holcus annuus subsp. duriensis (P.Silva) Franco & Rocha Afonso : It occurs only in northeastern Portugal and northwestern Spain.
- Holcus annuus subsp. setiglumis (Boiss. & Reut.) M.Seq. & Castrov. (Syn .: Holcus setiglumis Boiss. & Reut. ): It occurs only in the southern Mediterranean region, in Spain, Italy and Greece.
- Holcus azoricus M.Seq. & Castrov. : It occurs in the Azores. It is perhaps a hybrid between Holcus lanatus and Holcus rigidus .
- Holcus caespitosus Boiss. : It occurs in the Sierra Nevada in southern Spain on stony slopes at altitudes between 2900 and 3100 meters.
- Holcus gayanus Boiss. : It occurs in Spain and Portugal.
- Holcus grandiflorus Boiss. & Reut. : It only occurs in Spain.
- Holcus hierrensis (bulls.) Bulls. & M.Seq. (Syn .: Holcus mollis subsp. Hierrensis Stierst. ): It occurs only on the Canary island of El Hierro .
- Woolly honeydew grass ( Holcus lanatus L. ): It occurs from Europe and North Africa to the Caucasus and Macaronesia .
- Soft honeydew grass ( Holcus mollis L. ): It occurs in Europe and northwest Africa and is a neophyte in America, Australia and Macaronesia.
- Holcus notarisii Nyman : It occurs only on the coast of northwestern Italy.
- Holcus pintodasilvae M.Seq. & Castrov. : The species first described in 2013 only occurs in Madeira.
- Holcus rigidus Hochst. : It only occurs in the Azores.
- Holcus setiger Nees : It is native to the Capensis in South Africa.
Also the hybrid:
- Holcus × hybridus wine = Holcus lanatus × Holcus mollis
The following is no longer included in the genus Holcus :
- Holcus saccharatus L. => Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
proof
- Description in Flora of China
- Walter Erhardt among others: The big pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names . Volume 2. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7
- Thomas Gaskell Tutin : Holcus L. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin u. a .: Flora Europaea . Volume 5, pages 230-231. Cambridge University Press 1980. ISBN 0-521-20108-X
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Holcus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ↑ Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al. a .: Flora Europaea . Volume 5, pages 230-231. Cambridge University Press 1980. ISBN 0-521-20108-X