Stepan Chmara

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Stepan Chmara 2008

Stepan Ilkowytsch Chmara ( Ukrainian Степан Ількович Хмара ; born October 12, 1937 in Bobjatyn , Lviv Voivodeship , Poland ) is a Ukrainian politician, human rights activist and Soviet dissident .

Life

In 1964, Stepan Chmara graduated from the Medical Institute in Lviv with a degree in dentistry and then worked as a dentist in Hirnyk near Tscherwonohrad . In the 1960s he joined the Ukrainian dissident movement. He translated Sakharov's essay “Thoughts on Progress, Peaceful Coexistence and Spiritual Freedom” and published it as samizdat . In 1980 Chmara was arrested by the KGB and sentenced to 7 years of strict detention in the labor camp and 5 years of exile for “anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda”. He spent his detention in camps (number 35 and 36) in the Urals, including 306 days in solitary confinement. He was "pardoned" on December 12, 1987, six weeks before his end of detention.

Between March 1990 and April 1998 and between April 2002 and April 2006 Stepan Chmara was a member of the Verkhovna Rada , the Ukrainian parliament. He was also actively involved in the Orange Revolution and repeatedly tried to draw attention to grievances he had recognized by going on hunger strikes. Since 2001 he has been chairman of the All-Ukrainian Committee for the Protection of Political Prisoners.

Chmara is the author of numerous articles including:

  • 1975 Ethnocide of the Ukrainians in the USSR ( Етноцид українців в СРСР )
  • 1993 Today, about the past ( Сьогодні про минуле )
  • 1999 For a fair Ukraine ( За справедливу Україну )
  • 2002 Ten years of the nomenklatura of independence ( Десять років номенклатурної незалежності )

Honors

Web links

Commons : Stepan Chmara  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biography Stepan Chmara on 112ua; accessed on August 1, 2016 (Russian)
  2. ↑ a b biography of Stepan Chmara ; in the Virtual Museum of the Dissident Movement of Ukraine; accessed on July 31, 2016
  3. ↑ a b c d biography of Stepan Chmara on the website of the Ukrainian Legal Association; accessed on July 31, 2016 (Ukrainian)
  4. ↑ Biography Stepan Chmara on Heroes; accessed on August 1, 2016 (Ukrainian)
  5. ↑ Decree No. 961/2007 of the President of Ukraine of October 11, 2007 , accessed on July 31, 2016 (Ukrainian)
  6. ↑ Order number 1076/2008 of the President of Ukraine of November 25, 2008 , accessed on July 31, 2016 (Ukrainian)
personal data
SURNAME Chmara, Stepan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Хмара, Степан Ількович (Ukrainian); Chmara, Stepan Ilkowytsch (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian politician, human rights activist and Soviet dissident
DATE OF BIRTH October 12, 1937
PLACE OF BIRTH Bobjatyn , Lviv Voivodeship , Poland