Stolzenberg (Prussia)

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The Royal Prussian Immediatstadt Stolzenberg was an Immediatstadt in West Prussia , which was directly under the King of Prussia. It existed from 1772 to 1814 and was also known as the United Suburbs .

history

Old Scotland, Church

From 1666 to 1673 the Franciscans built a monastery and church on the Stolzenberg, which no longer exist today. The Jesuits owned a church and college in Old Scotland at the time. In 1671 the merciful brothers built a new monastery right in front of the Petershagener Tor.

After the first partition of Poland in 1772, all areas that belonged to the Oliva Monastery or the Bishop of Kujawien and Pomerania were annexed by Prussia up to the city gates of Danzig . Of Polish Prussia, only the cities of Danzig and Toruń remained under Polish rule. In order to weaken the position of the city of Danzig even further, the Prussian city of Stolzenberg was founded in the south of the city and given market rights.

The foundation was announced in November 1772. The city included the places Stolzenberg, Old Scottland, Schidlitz and St. Albrecht. Since 1773 the postal route from Berlin to Königsberg was no longer routed via Danzig, but via Stolzenberg. The post office was set up there in the Untertor. The city administration was occupied by royal officials.

A Protestant church was set up on the upper floor of the town hall. There were Catholic churches in Old Scotland. After 1773 Stolzenberg received a synagogue. There were denominational schools and an institution for the military, as well as a hospital. In 1783 King Friedrich II had a church built on the Stolzenberg for the united cities of Stolzenberg, Old Scotland, Schidlitz and St. Albrecht. Today (1991) it disappeared without a trace. Since 1775 attempts have been made in Old Scotland to compete with the Gdańsk Fair with little success . Thanks to tax reductions, the company was more successful in promoting trade, with 448 workers processing wool in 1792.

During the second partition of Poland in 1793, the city of Danzig came to Prussia . For Stolzenberg this meant losses. In 1807 the united suburbs came to the Free City of Danzig and were controlled by two Danzig Senators.

During the ten-month Russian siege of Danzig in 1813 , Stolzenberg was completely destroyed. At the end of the year, only around 500 people lived in the city. On February 3, 1814, Danzig returned under Prussian rule. The united suburbs were incorporated into the city of Gdansk on February 14th.

The Jews retained their strong position in the south of the city, the Old Scotland synagogue was inaugurated in 1818, a second followed in 1845. The Jewish cemetery in Stolzenberg , which was destroyed in 1813 , was restored in 1815 and is the most important in the city.

population

In 1773 after it was founded, Stolzenberg was inhabited by 10,951 people, including 500 Mennonites. Since no Jews were admitted to Danzig until 1793, their proportion in the former suburbs was relatively high. In 1808 the Jewish population was 15%. During the siege of Danzig in 1807, the suburbs suffered population losses. In 1808 the population had dropped to 8,213.

garrison

The Old Prussian Garrison Regiment No. II was stationed in Schidlitz in 1772. Colonels and heads of regiments were:

structure

  • Stolzenberg , 3267 inhabitants in 531 houses
  • Old Scotland, 2657 inhabitants in 220 houses
  • Schidlitz , 1,438 inhabitants in 195 houses
  • St. Albrecht, 851 inhabitants in 96 houses

(Data from 1808)

coat of arms

The coat of arms was divided into four parts with emblems for each part of the community under the Prussian eagle as a shield holder. In 1807 the Danzig coat of arms was added.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b The St. Trinity Church in Danzig past and present , P. Schmidt, Commissionsverlag der Evangelischen Vereinsbuchhandlung, Danzig, 1901.

Coordinates: 54 ° 21 '  N , 18 ° 38'  E