Miskolc tram
 |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Basic information | |
| Country | Hungary |
| city | Miskolc |
| opening | July 10, 1897 |
| operator | MVK Zrt. |
| Infrastructure | |
| Route length | 12 km |
| Gauge | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Power system | 600 V DC overhead line |
| Stops | 24 |
| Depots | 1 |
| business | |
| Lines | 2 |
| Line length | 18 km |
| vehicles | 3 Tatra KT8D5 31 Skoda 26THu3 |
| statistics | |
| Passengers | 39,920 per day (2009) |
 |
|
The Miskolc tram is an important part of public transport in the Hungarian city of Miskolc .
The tram network has been in operation since 1897 and is now served by two lines.
history
The need for public transport in Miskolc arose in the second half of the 19th century. At that time, the newly built railway line and its train station were far away from the actual city, and the way from the neighboring city of Diósgyőr and its ironworks was even further . The plans for the first tram route were completed in 1895.
The first tram line was opened on July 10, 1897 and served eleven stations including the terminus. It ran from Tiszai train station to St. Anne's Church. This route is still used by both lines that are in operation today. Freight traffic was also carried out, for which a tram locomotive was available from the start to move rail freight cars in the city area. After Budapest (1887), Pozsony (1895, now Bratislava) and Szombathely (early 1897), Miskolc was the fourth Hungarian city to have an electric tram. Miskolc was also after Budapest, Temesvár , Szeged and Debrecen the fifth city with a standard gauge operation , while the networks in Pozsony and Szombathely were meter gauge .
Because of the success of the east-west route, a north-south line was built between Búza tér (the city's main market) and the Volksgarten (a popular amusement park) before the end of 1897 . This route was extended to the neighboring village of Hejőcsaba in 1910.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the east-west route to Diósgyőr was extended. Traffic on the line between Saint Anne's Church and Diósgyőr started in 1904.
The concession for this route was not awarded as an urban railway, but as a suburban railway, as it crossed the city limits of Miskolc. It was also operated by another company, the Miskolc-Diósgyőri Helyiérdekű Vasút Rt. (MDV, Miskolc-Diósgyőr Municipal Railway Company), while the Tiszai Station - St. Anne's Church line from the Miskolci Városi Villamos Vasút (MVV, Miskolc Municipal Tram) was operated. For this reason, the passengers had to change at the church. This inconvenience was eliminated in 1906 when both lines were merged and the operation of the line to Diósgyőr was taken over by MVV.
Until 1947, the tram company also supplied the city of Miskolc with electrical energy.
After the Second World War , the city limits were moved further outwards. Miskolc became the second largest city in the Hungarian People's Republic . Heavy industry gained in importance and social housing began to be built, adding new passengers to bus and tram lines. Now their main task became the transport of workers to the factories.
In 1954, the MVV was merged with the operating company of the bus routes under the name Miskolc Városi Közlekedési (MVK, Stadtverkehr Miskolc). The north-south line was closed in 1960 because it did not develop the new residential areas in this area. In 1964, the Tiszai station - Diósgyőr line was expanded to two tracks.
Since 1989
After the fall of the Iron Curtain , the MVK began to renew the vehicle fleet. From 1991 used Tatra trams came to Miskolc from Czechoslovakia , from 2002 used trams from Vienna . In this way, the Béngali railcars , which caused heavy wear and tear on the rails, could be taken out of service. After joining the European Union , the decision was made to purchase 31 new low-floor articulated multiple units. In 2010 AnsaldoBreda emerged as the winner of the tender and was supposed to deliver the new trams between the beginning of 2012 and the end of 2012. Since competitors appealed against the decision, this appointment was canceled by the court in 2010. Two new tenders were unsuccessful and it wasn't until February 15, 2012 that the new trams were ordered from Škoda Transportation . The delivery should now take place between February 2014 and February 2015.
On May 3, 2010, work began on the complete renewal of line 1 and its extension beyond the previous Diósgyőr stump end point by 1.5 kilometers to the new Felső-Majláth loop . The route extension includes a total of three stops. It ends at the station of the narrow-gauge railway LÁEV to Lillafüred and Garadna, which is only used for tourist traffic. At the Diósgyőri Gimnázium stop, a sweeping track was laid in the middle between the main tracks, so that there is the possibility of reinforcing trips to end at this stop. Since December 14, 2011, test drives and driving school drives have taken place on the new section. The new line went into operation on January 16, 2012.
Since March 1, 2012, line 2 to the ironworks has only been running Mondays to Fridays. The ironworks, which used to have a lot of traffic and where a large part of the Miskolc citizens worked, has now been almost completely shut down. At the weekend, the ring line 0 between Újgyőr and the ironworks was first used. The tram traffic to the ironworks on Saturdays and Sundays was then completely stopped after a short time.
Lines
| Miskolc tram | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
f.svg){kind=small}
| line | Line route | length | Hold | Travel time | vehicles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tiszai train station ↔ Felső-Majláth | 11 km | 23 | 35 min | Skoda 26Thu3 |
| 2 | Tiszai train station ↔ Vasgyár (ironworks) | 7 km | 16 | 25 min | Tatra KT8D5 , Skoda 26Thu3 |
| line 1 | Line 2 |
|---|---|
|
|
Development of the line network
In the course of history the following tram lines operated in Miskolc:
- Line 1 Tiszai ↔ Diósgyőr station (1897 to today)
- Line 1A station Tiszai ↔ Eszperantó tér (1958) (today: Szent Anna tér )
- Line 2 Búza tér ↔ Hejőcsaba (1897 to 1960)
- Line 2 Tiszai station ↔ Vasgyár (ironworks) (1964 to today)
- Line 3 Diósgyőr ↔ Vasgyár (1951 to 1991)
- Line 4 Bulgárföld ↔ Tatárdomb (1964 to 1976)
- Line 0 Vasgyár ↔ Marx tér / Újgyőri főtér (1970 to 1989, Feb.-Apr. 2012 and 2014 to 2015)
Fleet
.JPG)
Tatra KT8D5
Between 1991 and 1997 the Miskolc tram took over ten used KT8D5 bi-directional articulated multiple units from the Most – Litvínov tram from the manufacturer ČKD Tatra . In addition, eight cars came from the Košice tram to Miskolc. The cars used in Miskolc were manufactured between 1986 and 1991 and were given car numbers 200 to 217. They can reach a top speed of 65 kilometers per hour. The Tatra wagons ran on line 1 until 2014, and were then used on both lines 1 and 2.
After the Škoda 26 T was commissioned, it was taken out of service in 2015. 15 vehicles were handed over to interested transport companies as used vehicles. Three are kept roadworthy as reserve vehicles, while the vehicle is to be preserved as a museum piece. In the course of 2016, a total of 7 vehicles were handed over to the Prague transport company . There they are to be converted into the KT8D5.RN2P with a low-floor middle section. The remaining 8 multiple units were also delivered to Prague from May 2019. The vehicles with the vehicle numbers 202, 203 and 209 remain in Miskolc. They all come from the Košicer delivery.
Škoda 26 T
On February 15, 2012 the Czech manufacturer Škoda Transportation signed a contract for the delivery of 31 type 26 T low-floor trams to Miskolc. The contract is worth 74 million euros and includes a ten-year maintenance contract. The five-part bidirectional cars are 32 meters long and 2.65 meters wide. It is driven by four three-phase asynchronous motors with a drive power of 100 kilowatts each. The capacity is 56 seats and 244 standing places (maximum). The cars are completely low-floor with an entry height of 33 centimeters and air-conditioned. The delivery is planned for the period 2013 to 2015. The first car with the number 601 already completed test drives in Miskolc in July 2013. Škoda cars have been in passenger service since 2014.
The Škoda cars are used on lines 1 and 2.
The Miskolc tram also has a snow plow from 1910 with the car number M 5.
Museum car
FVV CsM – 2
This 3-door setup -Gelenktriebwagen were from 1962 to 1966 in the company workshop of Trams in Budapest built. A total of eleven cars were used in Miskolc. Because of their poor running properties due to the rigid axles and their low drive power, they were shut down between 1982 and 1989. Only car 100 (built in 1962) was preserved in working order, renovated and operated as a museum train. It received the original Budapest paintwork. Especially during the Miskolc Opera Festival there are regular missions.
FVV CsM – 4
These 10-door, bi- directional articulated multiple units were manufactured between 1970 and 1978 as the successor to the CsM-2 and could be used more freely in tram networks without turning loops. A total of 35 cars were delivered to Miskolc; production had been moved to the main workshop of the Debrecen tram . Since this model had the same design drawbacks as the CsM-2, all cars except number 151 (built in 1973) were parked between 1991 and 2005. Carriage 151 is still used occasionally when carriage 100 cannot be used due to a stump end point . However, unlike car 100, it was not renovated.
SGP E 1
Between 2002 and 2004, a total of 25 used SGP E 1 one -way articulated multiple units came from the Vienna tram to Miskolc. These cars are licensed builds of the Duewag standard cars . The cars used in Miskolc were manufactured between 1967 and 1969. Only 17 wagons are kept in working order, and in Miskolc they have wagon numbers 180 to 186 and 188 to 197. The remaining cars serve as spare parts donors. The Viennese cars are used on lines 0 and 2.
They were finally turned off on March 14, 2015.
Lohner c 3 sidecar
Together with the aforementioned railcars, six Lohner c 3 sidecars came from Vienna to Miskolc as well as four more as spare parts donors. They were built between 1959 and 1962. The sidecars are no longer in use for passengers. They were finally turned off on May 3, 2010.
literature
- Dezső Bekes, László Veres (ed.): Fejezetek Miskolc történetéből . Miskolc 1984, ISBN 963-03-1973-X , pp. 94 (Hungarian).
Web links
- MVK Zrt. Operator's website MVK (Hungarian)
- Trams in Miskolc (German, English)
- List of vehicles for the Miskolc tram on transphoto.ru
- Database and picture gallery Miskolc on transphoto.ru
Individual evidence
- ↑ Working group Blickpunkt Straßenbahn e. V. (Ed.): Focus on the tram . No. 2 , 2012, ISSN 0173-0290 , p. 135 .
- ↑ [1] československý dopravák from May 17, 2019 (Czech), accessed on July 31, 2019
- ↑ M. Šrámek: Miskolc buys 31 Škoda low-floor trams . In: City traffic . No. 4 , 2012, ISSN 0038-9013 , p. 48 .
- ↑ The SGP trams were finally shut down on March 14, 2015. (Hungarian)
