Strattis

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Strattis ( Greek Στράττις Stráttis ) from Athens was a Greek playwright of the late Old Comedy . He lived at the end of the 5th and the beginning of the 4th century BC. Chr.

Life

Strattis is the only known Attic bearer of this name that can otherwise be found in Ionia. Since there are contemporary allusions to be found in some fragments of his work, his creative period can be roughly narrowed down. In addition, it was suggested to add the name to the inscribed list of the winners of the Lenaeans in Athens - only the last letter Σ has been preserved , but Strattis would fill the gap according to the number of available letters. In that case a victory around 390 BC would be With a margin of ten years upwards and downwards.

According to Athenaios , it blossomed soon after that of Callias , i.e. around 412 BC. In his comedy Anthroporestes Strattis refers to 408 BC. Performed tragedy Orestes des Euripides and mockingly pokes at the actor Hegelochus, who made a slip of the tongue during the premiere, famous in antiquity and often handed down: he spoke the word γαλήν as γαλῆν and thus made the “calm” a “weasel” ". In the Phoinissai , Strattis even quotes from the eponymous tragedy of Euripides from 410/09 BC. The title hero of his Kallippides was probably the actor of the same name who lived in 418 BC. BC won the musical actor agon with the Lenaeans, but was still active for a long time and was even mentioned by Aristotle to the effect that his fellow actor Mynniskos called him a monkey because of his exalted gestures. Laispodias , whom Strattis mocked in his Kinesias , can only be the Athenian strategist and the member of the Council of Four Hundred of the name, which historically only covers the years from 414 to 411 BC. Is documented and in the 414 BC. The clouds of Aristophanes listed in BC also appear as the target of ridicule. As latest, reasonably datable witness called in a Strattis at Hermippus surviving fragment from the Atalante Lagiska, the concubine ( παλλακίς ) of Isocrates that this has taken only in old age to him. Since Isocrates in 436 BC Was born in the decade 380/70 BC at the earliest. BC have reached an age that one would call advanced. Hence, Strattis' creative period continues until after 380 BC. BC. Although other pieces of the Strattis provide dating clues, the time frame is not extended.

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Comedies

According to the Anonymus de comoedia ( περὶ κωμῳδίας ) Strattis wrote 16 comedies, while the Suda lists only 15, of which the attribution of the Agathoi ( Ἀγαϑοί "The good guys") to Strattis or Pherekrates fluctuated in antiquity. The Macedonians , listed separately in Suda, are drawn together as one piece in Athenaios sometimes with the Pausanias , sometimes with the Kinesias . In addition, there are four pieces that have been handed down by other authors as works by Strattis: The Myrmidons in Pollux , Zopyros in Hesych , The Potamians and the Pytisos .

The following comedies by Strattis are known by name:

  • Antroporestes or Anthroporraistes ( Ἀνθρωπορέστης or Ἀνθρωπορραίστης , "The human Orestes" or "The human ripper ")
  • Atalante ( Ἀταλάντη )
  • Agathoi or Argyriou aphanismos ( Ἀγαθοί ἤτοι Ἀργυρίου ἀφανισμός , "The good" or "The money that has disappeared")
  • Zopyros ( Ζώπυρος περικαιόμενος , "The burnt Zopyros")
  • Iphigeron ( Ἰφιγέρων )
  • Kallipides ( Καλλιπίδης )
  • Kinesias ( Κινησίας )
  • Limnomedon ( Λιμνομέδων )
  • Macedones or Pausanias ( Μακεδόνες ἢ Παυσανίας , "The Macedonians" or "Pausanias")
  • Medeia ( Μήδεια )
  • Myrmidones ( Μυρμιδόνες , "The Myrmidons")
  • Potamioi ( Ποτάμιοι , "The Potamians")
  • Pytisus ( Πύτισος )
  • Troilos ( Τρωΐλος )
  • Phoinissai ( Φοἰνισσαι , "The Phoenician Women")
  • Philoctetes ( Φιλοκτήτης )
  • Chrysippos ( Χρύσιππος )
  • Psychastai ( Ψυχασταί , "The Psychasts")

Content

None of the comedies has survived, but there are 87 complete verses, 39 fragments of verses and 33 individual quotations from the work of Strattis , mostly by Scholiasts as evidence for the occurrence of certain word forms. The titles and fragments show that, with Atalante, Medeia, Troilos, Phoinissai, Philoctetes and Chrysippus, six of the pieces were based on mythological themes or their processing in tragedy. Since several of these titles are often also pieces from several tragedies, it is usually not possible to decide whether they are parodies and, if so, of which specific work. However, some pieces can be dated so many years after a known tragedy that a direct parody is unlikely. This applies, for example, to the Troilos of Sophocles or Medeia and Chrysippus of Euripides. The Antroporestes and the Kallipides aim at actors, the others - with the exception of Pytisos - deal with contemporary political and social issues, but mostly aim at cultural phenomena and cultural decay. The Psychastai were probably about the indulgence and laziness of the Athenians, the Potamioi probably aimed at the inhabitants of one of the demes of the same name in the Phyle Leontis , who were known for improving their lists of citizens. It is noticeable that with Kinesias a prominent contemporary, the dithyram poet and representative of the New Music Kinesias , which was widely rejected at the time , is the title hero. The fact that this piece was also about a political dimension is shown not only in the simultaneously mocked Thrasybulus and Laispodias, but also from the designation of Kinesias as a chorus killer ( χοροκτόνος ): At the instigation of the Kinesias, the expenses for the comic choral parts were limited.

literature

Overview representations

comment

  • Christian Orth: Strattis. The fragments. A commentary (= Studia comica. Volume 2). Verlag Antike, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-938032-32-9 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ As Athenian referred to in Suda , keyword Στράττις , Adler number: sigma 1178 , Suda-Online .
  2. ↑ Paul Geissler: Chronology of the Altatti Comedy. In: Philological Studies. Volume 30, 1925, p. 12.
  3. ^ Athenaios, Deipnosophistai 10 (453C).
  4. ↑ See for example sources Niall W. Slater: Spectator Politics. Metatheatre and Performance in Aristophanes. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia 2002, p. 37 f.
  5. ↑ Aristotle, Poetics 1461b.
  6. ↑ Athenaios, Deipnosophistai 13,592D.
  7. ↑ Pseudo-Plutarch , vitae X oratorum 839b, probably going back to Hermippus himself; Harpocration sv Λαγίσκα .
  8. ↑ So already Georg Heinrich Bode : History of Hellenic Poetry. Volume 3. Part 2. 1840, p. 384 note 6; Christian Orth: Strattis. The fragments. A commentary (= Studia comica. Volume 2). Verlag Antike, Berlin 2009, p. 18.
  9. ↑ Anonymous, de comoedia 541.20.
  10. ↑ Suda , keyword Στράττις , Adler number: sigma 1178 , Suda-Online .
  11. ↑ In Athenaios, Deipnosophistai 6,248C; 10,415C; 15,685B and in Sudas sv Στράττις attributed to Strattis.
  12. ↑ Pollux 9.78, but it could be an alternative title to Kinesias, see Christian Orth: Strattis. The fragments. A commentary (= Studia comica. Volume 2). Verlag Antike, Berlin 2009, p. 23.
  13. ↑ Hesych sv οὐ μάλα κικκάς .
  14. ↑ Scholion zu Aristophanes, Der Reichtum 1195, Photios , lexicon 224,23, Athenaios, Deipnosophistai 7,299B.
  15. ↑ Scholion to Aristophanes, The Wasps 1337.
  16. ↑ Harpokration sv Ποταμός ; Suda sv δρυαχαρνεῦ .
personal data
SURNAME Strattis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Στράττις (Greek)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ancient comedy Greek playwright
DATE OF BIRTH 5th century BC Chr.
PLACE OF BIRTH Athens
DATE OF DEATH 4th century BC Chr.