Striga asiatica
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Striga asiatica |
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| ( L. ) Kuntze |
Striga asiatica is a plant from the genus Striga in the family of broomrape plants (Orobanchaceae). The host plants of this hemiparasitic plant include crops such as sorghum , corn , millet and rice , among others.
description
Striga asiatica is a parasitic , annual plant achieved the stature heights of up to 40 centimeters. It is rigidly upright, scaly and curly haired and is usually branched from the middle. The stem is indistinctly square. The oppositely arranged, green leaves have a length of (rarely 10 to) 20 to 50 mm and a width of 1 to 3 mm and are therefore longer than the internodes . They are linear or narrowly elliptical in shape, have entire margins, and have indistinct veins.
The flowers are loose and arranged opposite in a racemose inflorescence . The inflorescence is longer than the stem. The flowers are accompanied by two bracts . These are 15 to 35 (rarely up to 50) × 1 to 3 mm in size on the lower flowers and are like leaves; the bracts on the upper flowers are lanceolate in shape. All bracts are longer than the calyx .
The zygomorphic flowers are less than 1.5 cm in size. The calyx is ten ribs and 7 to 9 mm long. The calyx tube is 5 to 7 mm long and has five identically shaped or six to eight unevenly shaped calyx lobes. These are narrowly lanceolate and less than half as long as the calyx tube. The crown is two-lipped, red in color and has a yellow throat, occasionally it is completely yellow. The corolla-tube is 11 to 14 mm long, curved, widened above the calyx and densely hairy. The lobes of the lower lip are 3 to 5 × 2 to 3 mm in size, inversely ovate and protruding. The upper lip is 3 × 3 to 4 (rarely up to 7) mm in size, notched and always wider than it is long. Self-fertilization occurs before the flowers open.
The capsule fruit is egg-shaped and pentagonal; it contains an average of 550 (up to 1100) seeds. The very small seeds are brown and about 0.2 mm long.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24 or 40.
distribution
Striga asiatica has its natural home in semi- arid and tropical savannas in Africa and Asia (for example in West , South and Central Africa , on Madagascar ). It is introduced, for example, in the Nile Delta and in the United States .
swell
- Kamal I. Mohamed, Lytton John Musselman and Charles R. Riches: The Genus Striga (Scrophulariaceae) in Africa . In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 88, Number 1, Winter 2001. Pages 60-103.
- Lots of information on the species at the Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG). (engl.)
- Striga asiatica in Brunken, U., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Janssen, T., Thombiano, A. & Zizka, G. 2008. West African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt / Main.
Individual evidence
- ^ Striga asiatica at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Species data sheet at Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG). (engl.)
