Stumpffia

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Stumpffia
A previously undescribed species of the genus Stumpffia

A previously undescribed species of the genus Stumpffia

Systematics
without rank: Amphibians (Lissamphibia)
Order : Frog (anura)
Subordination : Neobatrachia
Family : Narrow-mouth frogs (Microhylidae)
Subfamily : Madagascar narrow -mouth frogs (Cophylinae)
Genre : Stumpffia
Scientific name
Stumpffia
Boettger , 1881

Stumpffia is a genus from the family of mouthed (Microhylidae). It occurs exclusively in Madagascar .

features

The species of the genus Stumpffia are among the smallest vertebrates in the world. They reach a head-torso length of 10 to 28 millimeters. For example, a pregnant female of Stumpffia pygmaea was 11 millimeters long and weighed 0.2 grams. There are no teeth on either the jaw or the palate.

Occurrence and distribution

The species of the genus Stumpffia are endemic to Madagascar and the neighboring islands . There they often live in a very small area of ​​distribution ( micro-endism ), but show a great diversity of species . Many species have not yet been described.

In contrast to various tree-dwelling genera of the Madagascar narrow-mouth frogs , the species live on the ground in the leaf litter . Some species inhabit karst caves and are adapted to this habitat .

Systematics and taxonomy

The genus Stumpffia was first described by Oskar Boettger in 1881 and named in honor of its discoverer Antonio Stumpff . The common name stump-toed frog is sometimes used in English and refers to the shape of the toes, which usually do not have adhesive discs.

Molecular genetic work on the systematics of the genus Stumpffia revealed problems with the group's monophyly . Stumpffia helenae does not seem to fit into this clade . Morphologically , this species differs from the other species of the genus by well-developed adhesive discs on the tips of the fingers and toes. After work by Pedro Peloso, Darrel Frost and others, the reference database “Amphibian Species of the World” merged the genus Stumpffia in the second quarter of 2015 with the genus Rhombophryne , which was previously regarded as a sister group. Until March 2019, Stumpffia was therefore only a synonym for the genus Rhombophryne, also described by Oskar Boettger in 1880, in this online reference . Other authors, however, separated the problematic species Stumpffia helenae as Anilany helenae into its own monotypic genus, so that the genus Stumpffia appears monophyletic again.

species

Up to 2015, 16 species had been described, which some authors then merged with the genus Rhombophryne . Stumpffia helenae was later spun off into its own genus as Anilany helenae .

As of February 26, 2015

26 new species were described in 2017. Together with the above, there are 41 species (excluding Stumpffia helenae ):

Another Stumpffia species was described in 2020 :

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Frank Glaw, Denis Vallan , Franco Andreone, Devin Edmonds, Rainer Dolch & Miguel Vences: Beautiful bright belly: A distinctive new microhylid frog (Amphibia: Stumpffia) from eastern Madagascar. Zootaxa, 3925, 1, pp. 120–128, February 2015 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3925.1.8
  2. ↑ Stumpffia pygmaea at Amphibiaweb, accessed on February 26, 2015
  3. ↑ Oskar Boettger : Diagnoses Reptilium et batrachiorum novorum from ill. Antonio Stumpff, in Insula Nossi-Bé Madagascariensis lectorum. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 4, pp. 358-361, 1881
  4. ^ Edge of Existence: S. Helenae
  5. ↑ Pedro LV Peloso, Darrel R. Frost, Stephen J. Richards, Miguel T. Rodrigues, Stephen Donnellan, Masafumi Matsui, Cristopher J. Raxworthy, SD Biju, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Alan R. Lemmon & Ward C. Wheeler: The impact of anchored phylogenomics and taxon sampling on phylogenetic inference in narrow-mouthed frogs (Anura, Microhylidae). Cladistics, 3, 1-28, March 2015 doi : 10.1111 / cla.12118 .
  6. ↑ a b Darrel R. Frost: Rhombophryne . In: Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York, 1998-2015, accessed July 29, 2015
  7. ↑ Mark D. Scherz, Carl R. Hutter, Andolalao Rakotoarison, Jana C. Riemann, Mark-Oliver Rödel, Serge H. Ndriantsoa, ​​Julian Glos, Sam Hyde Roberts, Angelica Crottini, Miguel Vences, Frank Glaw: Morphological and ecological convergence at the lower size limit for vertebrates highlighted by five new miniaturized microhylid frog species from three different Madagascan genera. PLoSONE 14, 3, e0213314, March 2019 10.1371 / journal.pone.0213314 .
  8. ↑ Narrow-mouth frogs at Amphibiaweb, with a list of species of the genus Stumpffia , accessed on July 29, 2015
  9. ↑ Johannes Klages, Frank Glaw, Jörn Köhler, Johannes Müller, Christy A. Hipsley & Miguel Vences: Molecular, morphological and osteological differentiation of a new species of microhylid frog of the genus Stumpffia from northwestern Madagascar. Zootaxa, 3717, 2, pp. 280-300, 2013 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3717.2.8
  10. ↑ SH Ndriantsoa et al .: A new Stumpffia (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from the Ranomafana region, south-eastern Madagascar. Zootaxa, 3636, 4, pp. 575-589, 2013 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3636.4.5
  11. ↑ Andolalao Rakotoarison, Mark D. Scherz, Frank Glaw, Jörn Köhler, Franco Andreone, Michael Franzen, Julian Glos, Oliver Hawlitschek, Teppei Jono, Akira Mori, Serge H. Ndriantsoa, ​​Noromalala Rasoamam-pionona Raminosoa, Jana C. Riemann, Mark -Oliver Rödel, Gonçalo M. Rosa, David R. Vieites, Angelica Crottini, Miguel Vences: Describing the smaller majority: integrative taxonomy reveals twenty-six new species of tiny microhylid frogs (genus Stumpffia) from Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Zoology, 67, 3, 271–398, October 2017 ( PDF ).
  12. ↑ A. Crottini, GM Pink, SG Penny, W. Cocca, MW Holderied & F. Andreone: A new stump-toed frog from the transitional forests of northwest Madagascar (Anura, Microhylidae, Cophylinae, Stumpffia). ZooKeys, 933, pp. 139-164, 2020 doi : 10.3897 / zookeys.933.47619 .

literature

  • Oskar Boettger : Diagnoses reptilium et batrachiorum novorum from ill. Antonio Stumpff, in Insula Nossi-Bé Madagascariensis lectorum. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 4, pp. 358-361, 1881

Web links

Commons : Stumpffia  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Darrel R. Frost: Rhombophryne . In: Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York, 1998-2015, accessed July 29, 2015
  • Narrow-mouth frogs from Amphibiaweb, with a list of species of the genus Stumpffia , accessed on July 29, 2015