Task handle
Surrender terms , increasingly also known under the English term submission , are techniques in martial arts which are used to force the opponent to give up or knock off by pressure on joints, bones or vital points ( lever techniques ) or constricting the veins on the neck ( choking techniques ) . Exercise grips are primarily trained in grappling sports such as judo , sambo , Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu or Luta Livre and martial arts such as Aikido and Jiu Jitsu .
Aspect of self-defense
In self-defense , surrender moves are used to incapacitate the attacker as quickly as possible, i. H. to use the technique until the effect is fully effective (e.g. until the opponent is unconscious or a bone is broken).
Task holdings in martial arts
In sporting competitions, for example as part of mixed martial arts or submission wrestling , the surrender handle is released as soon as the opponent knocks off and thus signals his defeat. If the submission is held too long, for example because the tapping is too late, this can result in unconsciousness (in the case of strangulation) or broken bones (in the case of levers). In this case one speaks of a victory through "Technical Submission".
Common tasks
In general, task grips can be divided into chokes , which are based on a choke / throttling effect, and levers that overstretch the joints (up to breaking bones, tearing off tendons or dislocating limbs).
The most important are in martial arts:
Chokes
See also stranglehold
- Rear Naked Choke (stranglehold from behind)
- Triangle Choke , a choking technique using your own legs or arms (Arm Triangle)
- Gogoplata or Locoplata, a choking technique in which the choking area is under the instep and the throttling is done by holding your own foot behind the neck
- Various chokes that are made using Gi , such as the Bow and Arrow Choke , and variations thereof
lever
See also leverage (martial arts)
- Armbar , in which the opponent's elbows are overstretched.
- Knee levers , analogous to arm levers (often prohibited for beginners due to the high risk of injury).
- Straight ankle lock or straight foot lock, a technique in which the opponent's foot is clamped under the armpit and stretched to the point of pain, is permitted for white belts.
- Heelhooks are also often banned for beginners due to the high risk of injury. Here, the opponent's foot is pinched and twisted under the armpits, so that the knee can be damaged.
- Kimura Lock With the Kimura Lock, the opponent's arm is bent down with one hand and a lever is built up with the other. This leads to a painful overstretching of the shoulder.
- Americana Lock The Americana Lock is related to the Kimura Lock; however, the arm is bent upwards
- Omoplata This creates leverage on the opponent's shoulder between the legs. The attacker “sits” next to the opponent lying flat on his stomach and pulls the opponent's shoulder lever up between his legs. The effect on the shoulder is comparable to the " pulling up " of the hands behind the back. If the opponent does not give up, the shoulder is dislocated.
There are also tasks that rely on so-called " pain points ", especially in Aikidō .
There is no real damage here. However, the opponent gives up due to the severe pain that pressure causes at that point.
However, it can get used to it, so that a trained fighter is able to endure the pain and not give up.
- These include B. Wrist locks , in which the opponent's wrist is bent forward, resulting in inability to move and a strong feeling of pain.