Subtilisin

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Subtilisin Carlsberg, Alcalase®
Subtilisin Carlsberg, Alcalase®
according to PDB  1AF4

Existing structural data : 1af4 , 1av7 , 1avt , 1be6 , 1be8 , 1bfk , 1bfu , 1c3l , 1cse , 1oyv , 1r0r , 1sbc , 1sca , 1scb , 1scd , 1scn , 1sel , 1vsb , 1yu6 , 1sec , 3vsb

Mass / length primary structure 274 amino acids; 24.3 kDa
Cofactor 2 Ca 2+
Precursor (379 aa, 38.9 kDa)
Identifier
External IDs
Enzyme classification
EC, category 3.4.21.62 ,  serine protease
MEROPS S08.001
Response type Protein hydrolysis
Substrate Protein, peptide amine
Products Fission products, amino acids
Occurrence
Homology family Subtilase
Parent taxon Bacillus

safety instructions
CAS number

9014-01-1

GHS labeling of hazardous substances
05 - Corrosive 07 - Warning 08 - Dangerous to health 09 - Dangerous for the environment

danger

H and P phrases H: 302-315-318-334-335-410
P: 261-273-280-305 + 351 + 338-342 + 311
Toxicological data

2000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )

Subtilisin is the name of a group of enzymes that belongs to the broader group of serine proteases and whose catalyzed reaction is therefore the cleavage of protein chains . They occur mainly in bacteria of the genus Bacillus and have been used industrially for decades. a. Used in cleaning and laundry detergents or to extract protein from inaccessible or inedible animal parts or to make them crumbly.

Occurrence

A large number of different subtilisins and similar enzymes have been isolated from bacteria of the genus Bacillus , in particular the species B. subtilis (subtilisin E), B. lentus , B. licheniformis (subtilisin Carlsberg, Alcalase®), B. amyloliquefaciens , but also from the Molds Tritirachium album , Thermoactinomyces vulgaris . All of these microorganisms occur naturally in the soil and the subtilisins serve them to break down proteins outside the cell.

use

Subtilisins are u. a. Used as a remover of protein-containing stains in detergents in a concentration of one to five milligrams per liter of washing liquid and therefore several hundred tons per year were produced industrially. Newer artificial variants allow a reduction in the amount used with the same efficiency.

Subtilisins are approved as additives (so-called digestibility enhancers) for feed for laying hens.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c data sheet Protease, from Bacillus licheniformis at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on July 29, 2017 ( PDF ).
  2. ↑ a b c European Patent EP1321513 .
  3. ^ Martin Chaplin: Applications of proteases in the food industry. September 26, 2008. URL . Accessed: September 26, 2008. (Archived by WebCite®) ( Memento from September 26, 2008 on WebCite ).
  4. ↑ Umwelt-online.de database and implementation regulation (EU) No. 389/2011 of the Commission of April 19, 2011 for the approval of an enzyme preparation made from endo-1,4-beta-xylanase, subtilisin and alpha-amylase as a feed additive for laying hens (approval holder : Danisco Animal Nutrition).

Web links