Suppiluliuma (cow)

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Suppiluliuma ( Assyrian Ušpilulume, hieroglyphic Luwish PURUS.FONS. MI-sa ) was a neo-Hittite king of Kummuh who lived for the years 805-773 BC. Is documented in various sources. He carried the title of ruler .

Dynastic placement

It is not known who ruled between Suppiluliuma's last known predecessor, Kundašpu (around 856 BC) and Suppiluliuma, but the mere fact that Suppiluliuma ruled from 805 BC. BC ruled for 32 years, makes the existence of at least one unknown king in the period between Kundašpu and Suppiluliuma likely. It may be that Suppiluliuma was a late descendant of the Hittite great kings though. In any case, he bears the name of two Hittite great kings .

government

Pazarcık stele in the Kahramanmaraş Archaeological Museum

Suppiluliuma appears in Assyrian sources on the Pazarcık stele. On this stele, a landmark dating from 805 BC On the orders of the Assyrian king Adad-nīrārī III. was set up on the border between the neo-Hittite states of Kummuh and Gurgum , he is named as King of Kummuh as an Assyrian vassal state. The boundary stone was set up because Kummuh was given territory that had previously belonged to Gurgum. Suppiluliuma had previously called the Assyrian king for help because he was from Halparuntiya III. had been threatened by Gurgum over territorial issues. He was also threatened by an alliance under Attar-šumki I of Arpad .

During a campaign against Kummuh and other states, the stele of Bar-Hadad II of Damascus was stolen. The Assyrian commander-in-chief Šamši-ilu won in 773 BC. Back the stele and put it back in its old place. He noted that Suppiluliuma was still on the throne of Kummuh. The borders were confirmed again by the current King Shalmaneser IV .

Suppiluliuma was also mentioned in local hieroglyphic Luwian sources. One of them is the dedicatory inscription of his wife Panamuwati, who consecrated a throne and a table to the goddess Kubaba . Three others name him together with his son Hattusili, the designated heir to the throne, including the inscriptions Ancoz 5 and Ancoz 7 . The inscription from Boybeypınarı and probably also the stele Adıyaman 1 are ascribed to him. Suppiluliuma's son ruled in the middle 8th century BC. BC as Hattusili II in Kummuh and, like his father, bore the title of ruler.

literature

  • Trevor Bryce: The World of the Neo-Hittite Kingdoms: A Political and Military History . Oxford University Press: Oxford, New York 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-921872-1
  • Karen Radner: The Assyrian King and his scholars: The Syro-Anatolian and the Egyptian schools . In: Studia Orientalia 106 (2009), pp. 221-238.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Trevor Bryce: The World of the Neo-Hittite Kingdoms: A Political and Military History . Oxford, New York 2012, p. 112 f.
  2. ^ A b c Trevor Bryce: The World of the Neo-Hittite Kingdoms: A Political and Military History . Oxford, New York 2012, p. 113.
  3. ^ Trevor Bryce: The World of the Neo-Hittite Kingdoms: A Political and Military History . Oxford, New York 2012, p. 245.
  4. ^ A b Karen Radner: The Assyrian King and his scholars: The Syro-Anatolian and the Egyptian schools . In: Studia Orientalia 106, p. 232.
predecessor Office successor
Kundašpu King of Kummuh
805-773 BC Chr. 		Hattusili II
personal data
SURNAME Suppiluliuma
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Šuppiluliuma; Suppiluliumas; Uspilulume; Ushpilulume; Uschpilulume; Uspilulume
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Kummuh
DATE OF BIRTH 9th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 8th century BC Chr.