Sverrefjellet
| Sverrefjellet | ||
|---|---|---|
 View from Bockfjord to Sverrefjellet (left) and the Adolfbreen glacier |
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| height | 506 moh. | |
| location | Haakon VII Land , Svalbard | |
| Mountains | Chydeniusfjella | |
| Coordinates | 79 ° 25 '54 " N , 13 ° 18' 18" E | |
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| Type | Stratovolcano | |
| rock | basalt | |
| Age of the rock | Pleistocene | |
| First ascent | August 8, 1910, Adolf Hoel | |
The Sverrefjellet is an extinct volcano on the island of Spitsbergen . It is located on the Bockfjord in Haakon VII Land .
geography
Sverrefjellet is a conical mountain on the west side of the Bockfjord. Its summit is 506 meters above sea level. Its eastern flank drops steeply to Bockfjord and should during the cold periods of the Pleistocene have been ground down by up reaching into the fjord bed Glacier Karlsbreen. Up to a height of 60 m you will find several upscale sea terraces that are cut through by the small river valley Vulkanbekken, which drains the Sverrefjellet towards the fjord. The north flank of the mountain lies parallel to Adolfbreen, which has eroded part of the original volcano. The south side slopes down relatively gently to a plain north of Nygaardbreen.
Sverrefjellet, with the 836 m high basalt needle Halvdanpiggen, the remainder of a volcanic vent that stands vertically and is inhabited by a colony of gulls, and the 1162 m high Sigurdfjellet, form part of a volcanic complex that runs parallel to a fault zone in extension of the Bockfjord to Woodfjord . The Jotunkjeldene in the vicinity of Sverrefjellet are the northernmost known thermal springs in the world. Its constant temperature is 23.0 ° C. About a million years ago, the Sverrefjellet produced ultra-basic alkali basalts in which very large olivine inclusions are embedded. The mountain has its for stratovolcanoes thus preserves typical cone shape over several ice ages of time.
history
The mountain was named after Sverre Sigurdsson , a Norwegian king of the 12th century. The first ascent took place on August 8, 1910 by the Norwegian geologist Adolf Hoel as a participant in a polar expedition led by Gunnar Isachsen . On the same day, other members of this expedition boarded Sverrefjellet.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Allan H. Treiman: Eruption age of the Sverrefjellet volcano, Spitsbergen Island, Norway . In: Polar Research 31, 2012, 17320, doi : 10.3402 / polar.v31i0.17320 .
- ↑ Winfried K. Dallmann: Lithostratigraphic Lexicon of Svalbard , Chapter 5: Quaternary Volcanic snd Subvolcanic Rocks .
- ↑ Synnøve Elvevold, Winfried Dallmann, Dierk Blomeier: The Geology of Svalbard (PDF; 4.2 MB), Norsk Polarinstitutt, Polarmiljøsenteret, Tromsø 2007, ISBN 978-82-7666-241-2 , p. 25.
- ↑ David Banks, Ronald S. Sletten, Sylvi Haldorsen, Barrie Dale, Michael Heim, Berit Swensen: The world's northernmost thermal springs? Trollkildene and Jotunkildene, Bockfjord, Svalbard . In: NGU Bulletin 433, 1997, pp. 60-61.
- ↑ Ingo Möller: Studies on the vegetation of Northwest Spitzbergen (PDF; 8.0 MB). Dissertation, University of Hamburg 1999, p. 25.
- ↑ Sverrefjellet . In: The Place Names of Svalbard (first edition 1942). Norsk Polarinstitutt , Oslo 2001, ISBN 82-90307-82-9 (English, Norwegian).