Swithin

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Swithun, Bishop of Winchester. Modern sculpture in Stavanger in Norway.

Swithin von Winchester , also Swithun or Svithun (* around 800 in Hampshire ; † July 2, 862 in Winchester ) is the name of an English saint of the Roman Catholic Church (July 2) and the Anglican Church (July 15).

biography

Under the reign of King Egbert of Wessex , Swithun was one of the two reliable councilors ( Lord High Chancellor ) alongside Ealstan of Sherborne and helped him in church affairs. He was entrusted with the training ( tutor ) of the future King Ethelwulf .

Modern remembrance of Swithun's reliquary in Winchester Cathedral.

He was ordained Bishop of Winchester on October 30, 852 by Ceolnoth , Archbishop of Canterbury .

Swithin died on July 2, 862. He was buried in the churchyard of Old Minster of Winchester, the predecessor of today's cathedral . There, according to his wish, passers-by could pass over his grave and the sweet rain of the sky could fall on it. In the 10th century, the cathedral was expanded under Bishop Æthelwald I († 984). He founded a Benedictine monastery in 964 and named Swithin its patron saint.

On July 15, 971, Swithin's bones were exhumed and placed in a shrine inside the church. Miracles are said to have happened, which is considered to be the beginning of the worship of Swithin. Those who were healed by him are said to have hung their crutches on the walls around his grave.

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In the course of the Reformation , Henry VIII had the valuables removed from the shrine in 1538 and three years later the veneration of saints was also discontinued.

Adoration

Outside of England, Swithun was venerated in the Stavanger diocese in Norway until the Reformation . The worship of Swithun can be traced back to the first Bishop of Stavanger, Reinald von Winchester, who was in Stavanger at the time of its founding in the early 12th century. Swithun was first mentioned in writing in Stavanger in 1204. Until the Reformation, he was the most important of the saints venerated there. His shrine was melted down after the Reformation.

In the Faroe Islands , which belonged to Norway from the end of the Viking Age in the Middle Ages to the beginning of the 19th century, July 2nd, the anniversary of Swithun's death, is still called " syftunsøkudagur ". The name was retained after the Reformation, as the Arctic Lund (puffin) was hunted every year on this day . The diocese of the Faroe Islands was affiliated to the Archdiocese of Nidaros (based in Nidaros , today Trondheim ) in the middle of the 12th century . The diocese of Stavanger also belonged to this archdiocese. The shrine of Olav the Saint , who was also venerated in the Faroe Islands, was located in Nidaros .

Swithun's feast day is also mentioned in a copy of a document made in Tórshavn in July 1407 .

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Swithin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Douglas Raymund Webster:  SWITHUN . In: Catholic Encyclopedia , Volume 14, Robert Appleton Company, New York 1912 (The year 931 must be a printing error.).
  2. ↑ a b Britta Dörre: Swithun von Winchester (around 800-2 July 863). In: de.zenit.org. July 2, 2016, accessed March 8, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Our history. In: winchester-cathedral.org.uk. Retrieved March 8, 2017 .
  4. ↑ Swithun of Winchester (ca.800-2 July 863) , zenit.org
  5. ↑ In 1517 the last Catholic bishop of Stavanger, Hoskold Hoskoldssön (1513–1537), examined the contents of the Swithun reliquary shrine ("St. Svithuns skrin") in the cathedral church there and recorded it in a directory: " spwrdhe wii tha effther oc granlighe ransagade sancte Swytwns skrin oc aall anner helgedome kar paasar oc pwnghar som helghe manne beyn i wore. " Diplomatarium Norvegicum (volumes I-XXI) , uio.no
  6. ↑ Folk og kirke i middelalderen: studier til Norges historie , Edvard Bull, Oslo (Kristiania) 1912
  7. ^ GVC Young: From the Vikings to the Reformation - A Chronicle of the Faroe Islands Up to 1538 , Shearwater Press, Douglas, Isle of Man 1979
predecessor Office successor
Helmstan Bishop of Winchester
852–862 		Ealhferth
personal data
SURNAME Swithin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Swithun, Svithun
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English saint of the Roman Catholic Church (July 2nd) and the Anglican Church (July 15th)
DATE OF BIRTH around 800
PLACE OF BIRTH Hampshire
DATE OF DEATH July 2, 862
Place of death Winchester