Diocese of Nidaros

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Nidaros Cathedral
Map of the Lutheran dioceses in Norway (Diocese of Nidaros in purple)

The diocese of Nidaros (formerly also the Diocese of Trondhjem , Norwegian Nidaros bispedømme ) is one of the eleven dioceses of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Norway . Until the Reformation it was an archbishopric and seat of the ecclesiastical province encompassing all of Norway . It includes the province ( fylke ) Trøndelag and is based in Trondheim ; Cathedral is the Nidaros Cathedral . Herborg Finnset has been Bishop of Nidaros since 2017 . Since 2011, the chairperson of the Bishops' Conference of the Norwegian Church has also resided at Nidaros Cathedral ( Helga Haugland Byfuglien until 2020 ).

history

As early as 997, King Olav I Tryggvason founded the city of Nidaros (later Trondhjem or Trondheim) and had the first church built there to promote the Christianization of the Norwegians . King Olav the Saint , who finally enforced Christianization, appointed the monk Grimkjell as bishop around 1015 . After Olav's death in 1030, a church was built over his grave, making Nidaros a place of pilgrimage. The Norwegian bishoprics (initially only Oslo and Bjørgvin [Bergen] besides Nidaros ) were subordinate to the Hamburg-Bremen metropolitan area until 1104 , then to the church province of Lund , which encompasses all of Scandinavia . The diocese covered the entire northern half of Norway.

In 1152 or 1153 the diocese was raised to an archbishopric by the papal legate Cardinal Nicholas Breakspear (confirmed in 1154 by Pope Anastasius IV ). His ecclesiastical province now included the four other Norwegian bishoprics (Oslo and Bjørgvin also included the diocese of Stavanger and the diocese of Hamar ) also the dioceses in the North Atlantic: Skálholt and Hólar on Iceland, the diocese of Faroe Islands , the diocese of Orkney (until 1472), the diocese of Sodor and Man (until 1266) and the diocese of Garðar on Greenland (until 1378). Jon Birgisson became the first archbishop ; his successor Øystein Erlendsson built a still existing castle in Trondheim, the Erkebispegården . After lengthy disputes , the archbishops succeeded in the 13th century in asserting independence from the Norwegian kings, who mostly also resided in Trondheim. Up until the Reformation in Denmark-Norway , they were among the most powerful men in the country and largest landowners and were temporarily recognized as Jarle in the High Middle Ages .

Olav Engelbrektsson , who served as archbishop from 1523, was the most important opponent of the Reformation movement. His attempt to achieve extensive independence for Norway from the Lutheran-minded King Frederick I seemed to be successful in 1533. Christian III's victory In the civil war of 1536, however, Norway lost its independence, which was now part of the Kingdom of Denmark until 1814. The archbishop escaped capture, but fled to the Netherlands at Easter 1537. King Christian III claimed the sovereign church regiment and installed Lutheran superintendents in place of the bishops , initially only for Bjørgvin, then for Oslo. It was not until 1546 that the Trondhjem diocese received its first superintendent, Torbjørn Bratt ; it was not until the 17th century that the superintendents reassumed the title of bishop.

The area of ​​the diocese, which had its greatest extent in the 16th century, was reduced in several steps. First part of Østerdalen was given to the diocese of Oslo, then the Sunnmøre region in 1622 to the diocese of Bjørgvin. With the loss of Jämtland (which only came to the diocese in 1570) and Härjedalen to Sweden, these landscapes fell to the Archdiocese of Uppsala in 1645 . 1804 a separate bishop was installed for the provinces of Nordland , Troms and Finnmark ; In 1844 the Diocese of Hålogaland (until 1918 Diocese of Tromsø ) was officially separated. In 1983 the northern part of the province of Møre og Romsdal was spun off to form the new diocese of Møre together with Sunnmøre .

Ever since the Bishops 'Conference was founded, one of the diocesan bishops (mostly the one from Oslo) has also served as President of the Bishops' Conference and thus the highest ranking of the bishops in the Church of Norway. In 2011 the additional office of a presiding bishop was created, who also resides at Nidaros Cathedral and has the cathedral provost there as its own supervisory district. Helga Haugland Byfuglien , who until then had exercised this role as Bishop of Borg , changed to the additional twelfth episcopate.

statistics

The diocese has (as of 2018) 355,905 members, which corresponds to 76.5% of the population. It is in nine deaneries and 128 parishes divided, in which 103 pastors work.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Diocese of Nidaros  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Table of the Statistisk sentralbyrå .
  2. ↑ Årsrapport Nidaros bispedømme 2018 , p. 7.
  3. ↑ Årsrapport Nidaros bispedømme 2018 , p. 4.