Synagogue (Landau in the Palatinate)
| synagogue | |
|---|---|
 Postcard with the synagogue in Landau in the Palatinate (around 1900) |
|
| Data | |
| place | Landau in the Palatinate |
| architect | Heinrich Staudinger |
| Architectural style | Middle Ages, Renaissance |
| Construction year | 1882-1884 |
| demolition | 1938 |
| Floor space | 390 m² |
The synagogue in Landau in der Pfalz , a town in Rhineland-Palatinate , was a synagogue that was built in 1882/84 and destroyed during the November pogroms in 1938 . The synagogue was located in the former Kaiserstraße 3, today the corner of Friedrich-Ebert-Straße and Reiterstraße.
history
A synagogue in Landau is mentioned as early as 1435. The Jewish community in Landau had been planning a new building since the end of the 18th century because the old synagogue had become too small. Ultimately, it emerged that the city of Landau donated 2500 m² of land to the Jewish community through the planning of the city expansion. The plans were drawn up by Heinrich Staudinger, who based his designs on the synagogue in Heilbronn , built in 1877 by Adolf Wolff . The total cost was around 200,000 marks, more than three times as much as the construction of the new Landau main station had cost. On September 5 and 6, 1884, the synagogue was inaugurated, and Rabbi Elias Grünebaum gave the festive sermon.
architecture
The synagogue had a floor area of 390 m² and a height of 16 m. The shapes took up motifs from medieval churches in Italy: the arched windows , the arched friezes , the rosettes, etc. am The domes were inspired by the Italian Renaissance style.
time of the nationalsocialism
The synagogue in Landau was burned down on November 10, 1938 and blown up by the technical emergency aid team from November 12 to 15, 1938 . The stones of the synagogue, which were won after the demolition, are still built into the retaining wall at the Savoyenpark along Xylanderstrasse. Officers' apartments were built on the square of the synagogue from 1959.
Commemoration
Since 1968 a memorial and a plaque commemorate the synagogue and the Jewish community in Landau. You are in the small park on the corner of Friedrich-Ebert-Straße and Reiterstraße. The memorial plaque is embedded in the ground. A warning plaque with the following inscription is attached to the retaining wall at the Savoyen Park:
“This wall was built with stones from the Landau synagogue. Built in 1884 - destroyed in 1938 ”.
See also
literature
- Hermann Arnold: Jewish life in the city of Landau and in the southern Palatinate (1780–1933) . Landau 2000.
- Jews in Landau. Contributions to the history of a minority . Edited by the Landau City Archives, Landau 2004
- Hans Hess: The Landau Jewish Community . 2nd edition, Landau 1983.
- "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Edited by Stefan Fischbach u. a., ed. from the State Office for Monument Preservation Rhineland-Palatinate u. a., Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , pp. 226–229 (Memorial Book of Synagogues in Germany, Vol. 2).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Synagogues KL |. Accessed January 7, 2018 (German).
Coordinates: 49 ° 11 ′ 41.4 " N , 8 ° 6 ′ 57.3" E