Synagogue (Staudernheim)

Staudernheim synagogue
Data
place	Staudernheim
architect	Peter Dietz
Client	Jewish community of Staudernheim
Architectural style	Sandstone block construction on boss block base
Construction year	1896
Floor space	75 m²
Coordinates	49 ° 46 '28 "  N , 7 ° 41' 17.2"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 46 '28 "  N , 7 ° 41' 17.2"  E

The synagogue in Staudernheim was built in 1896 in Oberdorf 79 (today Am Wolfsgang 3). The interior of the synagogue was devastated during the November pogroms in 1938 . During the Second World War it was used by the Wehrmacht and the Flieger-Hitlerjugend . After the war, the former synagogue served as a refugee home and later as a garage and warehouse. In 1995 the building, which is now a listed building, was acquired and renovated by the Museumsverein Synagoge Staudernheim eV. Today the building is used for exhibitions and events.

synagogue

Before the construction of the synagogue, the community had a bed hall in the building at Hauptstrasse 43, which is still preserved today. In early 1896, construction began on a synagogue at 79 Oberdorf Street (today Am Wolfsgang 3), which was inaugurated in July 1896. The Sandsteinquaderbau on Boss square base is traufständig the street. There is a gable in the roof facing the street . The tablet inset there quotes Genesis (28: 7) in Hebrew script:

How holy is this place!
Here is nothing but God's house, and this is the gate of heaven.

Above it is a small stone tablet with the year the synagogue was built. On the south side, facing the street, the synagogue originally had three arched windows. Of these, only one window is completely preserved today. In 1969 two windows except for the upper arches were destroyed when the garage entrance was broken into the wall. The north side facing away from the street has an arched window and a door that leads to the inner courtyard. The east gable is attached directly to the neighboring building. The entrance is on the south corner of the west gable, which is not completely adjacent to the neighboring building. In the arch of the door, Psalm 118.20 is inscribed in Hebrew:

This is the gate to the Eternal, through it the righteous enter.

During the November pogroms in 1938, the interior of the synagogue was devastated and the Star of David on the gable was dismantled. Since it was feared that the flames would spread to neighboring buildings, the synagogue was not set on fire. In 1943 there was a forced sale to the Staudernheim community. Until the end of the war, the building was used by the Wehrmacht and the Flieger-Hitlerjugend. After the restitution proceedings were concluded in 1945, the Staudernheim community acquired the building again in 1953 and converted it into a refugee accommodation. In 1969 the community exchanged the building with a private individual for another building. He converted the synagogue into a garage and warehouse. In 1995 the Museumsverein Synagoge Staudernheim eV acquired the building, which has been a listed building since 1986, from an association member who had bought the building in 1993 as interim financing. In the years that followed, the museum association carried out renovations and repairs. Today the building is used for exhibitions and events.

Jewish community of Staudernheim

Jews settled in the Staudernheim area as early as the 18th century. This is proven by the naming of a Jewish teacher living in Offenbach am Glan who was born in Staudernheim in 1775. On September 15, 1801 there was a robbery on a Jewish resident of Staudernheim by Johannes Bückler (called Schinderhannes). Until the first half of the 19th century, the number of Jewish residents rose steadily and reached its highest level in 1864. The community had a mikveh and a religious school. It is not known whether a separate religion teacher was employed who also performed the religious duties of the prayer leader and the shochet . The deceased were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Staudernheim. In the second half of the 19th century, the number of Jewish residents continued to decline. From 1933, after the seizure of power of Adolf Hitler , the Jewish inhabitants were increasingly disenfranchised. In addition, there were repeated anti-Jewish actions. As a result, more Jewish residents left Staudernheim. After the November pogroms in 1938, other Jewish residents left the place. In July 1942, three of the four Jewish residents still living in Staudernheim were deported. Amalie Ginz, who lived with her husband in a so-called privileged mixed marriage , was not deported and survived the Holocaust . She died in 1968 and was buried in the Jewish cemetery in Staudernheim next to her husband Peter Ginz, who died in 1953. These are the last two burials carried out in the cemetery after the end of the war.

Development of the Jewish population

year	Jews	Jewish families	comment
1808	45
1855	85
1858	71
1864	86
1895	45	10
1924	30th
1933	21st
1939	12
Early 1942	4th
Late 1942	1

Source: alemannia-judaica.de; jewische-gemeinden.de

The memorial book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 and the Central Database of the Names of the Holocaust Victims of Yad Vashem list 15 members of the Staudernheim Jewish community (who were born there or lived there for a while) who were during the time of National Socialism were murdered.

literature

• Stefan Fischbach: To the inventory of the synagogue buildings in Rhineland-Palatinate. A project by the State Office for Monument Preservation on the synagogue memorial book. In: Sachor. Contributions to Jewish history and memorial work in Rhineland-Palatinate. (= Sachor. Contributions to Jewish history and memorial work in Rhineland-Palatinate. 2/98 issue 16). Verlag Matthias Ess, Bad Kreuznach 1995, pp. 5-14. ( online )
• Stefan Fischbach, Ingrid Westerhoff: "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Published by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate , State Conservatory Office of the Saarland, Synagogue Memorial Jerusalem. ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany , 2). Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , pp. 357-359.

Web links

• Museumsverein Synagoge Staudernheim eV

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Staudernheim (VG Stromberg, Bad Kreuznach district) . alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Staudernheim (Rhineland-Palatinate) . jewische-gemeinden.de. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
3. ↑ Informational directory of cultural monuments (Bad Kreuznach) (PDF) General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate. P. 107. Accessed May 21, 2020.
4. ↑ Commemorative Book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Federal Archives. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
5. ^ Central database of the names of Holocaust victims . Yad Vashem - International Holocaust Memorial. Retrieved May 21, 2020.