Systemic structure constellation

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Systemic structure constellations (SySt) is a school in the field of systemic constellations . In contrast to system constellations, it is assumed with systemic structure constellations that no systems, but only structures (including systems) can be set up. This is why the work is based on formats that refer to typical structures, e.g. B. Belief polarity constellation , tetralemma (structure constellation)etc. In systemic structural constellations, abstract system elements (e.g. goals, obstacles, ideas) are taken into account in addition to human elements. People (representatives) take on the role of the individual parts and are set up in such a way as they correspond to the position in the inner picture for the set up topic from the point of view of the person setting up the person. An understanding of possible solutions can arise through the feelings of the people presented. Through changes in the constellation (positional work, process work or tests), solutions to problem situations can be tried out and worked out. Areas of application for systemic structure constellations are family topics (family structure constellations) as well as organizational topics (e.g. via team-internal team constellations or team structure constellations). For each of these areas of application there are different formats and grammars. In addition to people as representatives for elements, symbols or anchors can be placed on the floor, on a monitor or on theSystem board is used.

Overview

The systemic structure constellation was developed by Matthias Varga von Kibéd and Insa Sparrer . Aspects of internal systems (e.g. body systems, inner parts) as well as external systems (e.g. families, organizations, projects) can be set up. Systemic structural constellations can e.g. B. be used by companies to find and try out improvements in the organizational structure. Due to the transparency of the systemic relationships, they enable solution strategies that can be implemented in day-to-day business. Systemic structure constellations not only open a view to discrepancies in formal areas, but also show informal aspects of an organization. In the personal area you can u. a. show new solutions to decision-making problems, conflicts or family problems.

In the constellations , the internal images of the person bringing concerns or clients are externalized (shifted outward) through the provision of the representatives. The changes in the established system can cause changes in the inner images of the clients. This is now a common practice in psychotherapy and systemic counseling .

procedure

The “host” of the constellation (in the family constellation he is called the “constellation leader”) conducts a preliminary talk in order to find out exactly what the client is about and to conclude a contract with him. Then he selects a suitable form of systemic structure constellation. The person making the request now selects the individual representatives (persons) and sets them up in the room, as it is right from his or her intuitive perception. As a result, the people symbolically become part of the established system.

Problem areas in the “system”, which they symbolically embody, can now be recognized through the sensations of the people standing up (phenomenon of the so-called “ representative perception ” ). The effects of changes in the system can be tested through “positional work” (changing the arrangement of people). Further changes can be achieved through “process work” (e.g. by saying sentences or performing rituals).

After completing the constellation work, a follow-up discussion will be held. If necessary, the structure can be continued or repeated in one of the following meetings.

particularities

Constellation procedures became known in large parts of the public primarily through family constellations and the work of Bert Hellinger , whose method developed from the origins of family therapy achieved great popularity but is very controversial. In the meantime, various schools of constellation have emerged, which differ significantly in their principles and in their working methods and clearly distance themselves from Hellinger's approach. The systemic structure constellation - as one of these schools - has the following special features:

  • The management of a systemic structural constellation means not knowing what is happening - with foresight or interpretation - but rather, as a host , shaping the process for the client. An interpretation on the part of the ladder is largely dispensed with.
  • The results of the work are created in cooperation with those who raise concerns, who can also bring in their own ideas, perspectives and questions during the constellation work.
  • Structural constellations are solution-oriented. The basis for this is the solution-focused short therapy method , which was developed in the 1970s by Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg .
  • The work in the systemic structure constellation is shaped by the appreciative and supportive attitude of the therapist or leader, which Virginia Satir in particular took and advocated towards the clients. Stronger provocations have no place in it, nor is a process authoritatively ended by the leader.
  • Abstract elements can also be set up, for example “what is still missing” or “what would then be there”.

Proof of effectiveness

There are now scientific studies that prove the effectiveness and validity of the systemic constellation. The first empirical study was delivered by Peter Schlötter in 2004/2005 with his dissertation “Empirical Study on Semantics in Systemic Constellations” , published by Verlag für Systemische Forschung (Carl-Auer-Verlag) under the title “Familiar language and its discovery - system constellations are no coincidence - the empirical evidence " . At the Institute for Medical Psychology, Heidelberg University Medical Center, the interdisciplinary collaborative research center “Ritual Dynamics” (SFB 619) investigated from 2002 to 2013 a. a. the “Effectiveness and ritual dynamics of system constellations” , see: Schweitzer, J., Bornhäuser, A., Hunger, C., Weinhold, J. (2012). “How effective are system constellations? Report on an ongoing research project. ” . The Heidelberg study shows “statistically small and medium effects that show up after two weeks as well as after four months.” Further scientific efficacy studies were carried out under “ Effectiveness of system constellations: Exploratory results of the Heidelberg RCT study.” , “ Three things effectiveness: research on Systemic constellations. " and" mid- and long-term effects of family constellation seminars in a general population sample. 8- and 12-month follow-up " published. Evaluated studies on the effectiveness of systemic constellation are now also available in the area of ​​organizational consulting and conflict management. The psychotherapeutic treatment of adults was rated positively by the Federal Joint Committee , so that - subject to the non-objection by the Federal Ministry of Health - systemic therapy should be available as a service of the statutory health insurance (GKV).

Examples

Problem statement

This form of listing can be used for a wide variety of problem solutions. The following system elements are set up:

  • Focus - carrier of the problem (e.g. a person or a group),
  • Goal - that which (currently) cannot be achieved,
  • Obstacles - that which stands in the way of achieving the goal,
  • Resources - what it takes to reach a solution
  • Profit - the benefit that results if the problem persists (e.g. as long as the problem is there, nothing needs to be changed),
  • Future task - what to do when the goal is achieved.

Tetralemma statement

This form of constellation can be used to solve dilemmas . A dilemma is characterized by the fact that no decision can be made between two options. These two options are set up in the tetralemma (structure constellation) as “the one” and “the other”. This is extended by the additional elements "None of both" and "Both". There is also a fifth element, the so-called “non-position”. The element “focus” is set up as a representative for the client.

During the constellation, the perspective on the decision problem (between the elements “the one” and “the other”) is expanded by including the two further elements (“neither of the two” and “both”). This extends the initial “either-or” perspective. A pattern interruption is reached when the focus can take a completely new position through a so-called “creative step” - the “non-position”.

The Indian form of argumentation of the tetralemma forms the basis for the tetralemma . This was used in court to clarify the positions of the plaintiff and the defendant. In addition to the possibility that one of the two is right, it was also considered that either both or neither of the two is right. This structure of reasoning was expanded to include a fifth position by Nagarjuna , a Buddhist scholar. In Buddhist logic, this is referred to as a fourfold negation (it corresponds to the element “non-position” in the tetralemma constellation).

Body structure constellation

Representatives for body elements (e.g. body parts or internal organs) are set up. The list can be expanded to include external influences and aids (e.g. medication, treatments). Relationships and influences can thus be better recognized during the constellation work. A constellation is not a substitute for medical treatment, but it can support it.

Belief polarity constellation

The elements "knowledge", "love" and "order" are set up in the form of a triangle. The aim of the constellation is to use these elements as a source of strength for the client for whom the element “focus” is set up. " Beliefs " that burden the client are expressed through the focus at the beginning of the constellation. During the constellation work, the focus is often asked about these beliefs. The client can observe in which situations and in which rituals these beliefs are particularly strong and how they change.

Syllogistic constellation

This form of constellation can be used to check prejudices and frozen attitudes. For example, the elements “always”, “never”, “sometimes” and “sometimes not” are set up. The basis is the syllogical square of the Aristotelian logic , which gave this list its name. Another example: "All", "None", "Some", "Some not".

Value square structure listing

Derived from the syllogical constellation, Varga von Kibéd also shows the ethical side of Aristotelian logic in the so-called square of values. There are two values ​​(e.g. "respectful interaction" and "direct, personal feedback") that are in a positive tension, two exaggerations (in this example "peaceful politeness" and "ardor / destructive criticism").

Compare: Square of values from Nicolai Hartmann , Paul Hellwig and Friedemann Schulz von Thun

Script structure constellation

This list is used to develop and revise scripts . In contrast to other constellations, the quick resolution of conflicts and problems is not the primary goal here. In scripts, hidden problems and deep conflicts are often particularly interesting and of great importance for the plot. The method of "spontaneous change" of the representatives is used especially in this constellation. At the same time, the representatives change their position slightly in the direction that seems appropriate to them. Then the change in the overall system is analyzed.

Meta-list

One speaks of a meta-listing when one listing format takes place within another listing format. For example, as part of a tetralemma constellation, a context can be opened in which (e.g. a family structure constellation ) takes place.

swell

The work on systemic structure constellations has various sources:

In addition, central thoughts of the philosophers and linguists Ludwig Wittgenstein , Charles Sanders Peirce , Alfred Korzybski and Gregory Bateson , but also canonical forms of the psychotherapy form of psychodrama according to Jacob Levy Moreno , flow into the work.

literature

  • Matthias Varga von Kibéd and Insa Sparrer : On the contrary: Tetralemma work and other basic forms of systemic structural constellations - for lateral thinkers and those who want to become one . 6th, revised edition, Carl-Auer-Verlag, Heidelberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-89670-686-7 .
  • Insa Sparrer : miracle, solution and system . 4th edition, Carl-Auer-Verlag, Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 978-3-89670-458-0 .
  • Insa Sparrer : Systemic structural constellations. Theory and practice . Carl-Auer-Verlag, Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 978-3-89670-533-4 .
  • Renate Daimler, Insa Sparrer , Matthias Varga von Kibéd : The invisible network. Success at work through systemic knowledge. Constellation stories . Kösel-Verlag, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-466-30624-8 .
  • Helmut J. Wresnik: From picture to picture ... Working with systemic structure constellations . Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2006, ISBN 3-8334-6190-X .
  • Renate Daimler: Basics of the systemic structure constellations. Instructions for beginners and advanced users . With contributions by Insa Sparrer and Matthias Varga von Kibéd. Kösel-Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-466-30787-6 .
  • Gunthard Weber, Gunther Schmidt, Fritz B. Simon: Constellation work revisited: ... after Hellinger? Carl Auer Systems Verlag, Heidelberg, Edition: 3rd ISBN 3-8497-0137-9 .
  • Christa Kolodej: Structural constellations for conflicts, bullying and mediation: From the visible invisible. Springer Verlag, Berlin. ISBN 3-658-11427-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Insa Sparrer: Systemic structure constellations. Theory and practice . Carl-Auer-Verlag, Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 978-3-89670-533-4 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Matthias Varga von Kibéd and Insa Sparrer: On the contrary: Tetralemma work and other basic forms of systemic structural constellations - for lateral thinkers and those who want to become one . 6th, revised edition, Carl-Auer-Verlag, Heidelberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-89670-686-7 .
  3. ↑ a b Kristine Alex: My body remembers: constellations of symptoms let feelings speak. VA Verlag; Edition: 3, ISBN 3-942840-00-6 .
  4. ↑ Katharina Fischer-Ledenice, Renate Daimler: Systemic structure constellations in practice. Journal for Organizational Development ZOE from April 1, 2010, issue 02/2010, pages 67–73, ZOE-0349703. Specialized publisher of the Handelsblatt Fachmedien GmbH publishing group, Düsseldorf. ISSN  0724-6110 .
  5. ^ Siegfried Rosner: Systems staged: Organizational and structural constellations as a management tool and simulation process (Rosenberger Edition). Springer Verlag, Berlin. ISBN 3-658-07805-7 .
  6. ↑ Gunthard Weber: Practice of organizational constellations. Basics, principles, areas of application. Carl Auer Systems Verlag, Heidelberg, Edition: 2nd ISBN 3-89670-229-7 .
  7. ↑ a b Christa Kolodej: Structural constellations for conflicts, bullying and mediation: From the visible invisible. Springer Verlag, Berlin. ISBN 3-658-11427-4 .
  8. ^ A b Wolfgang Kallus, Janin Schröder, Christa Kolodej, Konrad Group: Evaluation of systemic structure constellations in the organizational context. Interaction. Organization. Journal of Applied Organizational Psychology (GIO). Springer International Publishing AG. June 2016, Volume 47, Issue 1, pp. 61-71. ISSN  1618-7849 .
  9. ↑ Helmut J. Wresnik: From picture to picture… Working with systemic structure constellations . Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2006, ISBN 3-8334-6190-X .
  10. ^ Renate Daimler: Basics of the systemic structure constellations. Instructions for beginners and advanced users . Kösel-Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-466-30787-6 .
  11. ↑ Insa Sparrer: Systemic structure constellations. Theory and practice . Carl-Auer-Verlag, Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 978-3-89670-533-4 .
  12. ↑ Gunthard Weber, Gunther Schmidt, Fritz B. Simon: Constellation work revisited: ... after Hellinger? Carl Auer Systems Verlag, Heidelberg, Edition: 3rd ISBN 3-8497-0137-9 .
  13. ↑ Insa Sparrer: Miracle, Solution and System . 4th edition, Carl-Auer-Verlag, Heidelberg 2006, ISBN 978-3-89670-458-0 .
  14. ↑ Peter Schlötter: Familiar language and its discovery - system constellations are no coincidence - empirical evidence. Carl-Auer Verlag; 3rd edition, June 1, 2016, ISBN 3-8497-9002-9 .
  15. ↑ J. Schweitzer, A. Bornhäuser, C. Hunger, J. Weinhold: How effective are system constellations? Report on an ongoing research project. System Constellation Practice 2012 (1): Pages: 66–69.
  16. ^ Jan Weinhold: Research Project System Constellations - Summary of the first results of the 'Heidelberg Study'.
  17. ↑ J. Weinhold, C. Hunger, A. Bornhäuser, J. Schweitzer: Effectiveness of system constellations: Exploratory results of the Heidelberg RCT study. Family dynamics, Klett-Cotta Verlag, JG Cotta´sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Nachhaben GmbH (2013), Volume 38, Issue 1, Pages 42–51.
  18. ^ Jan Weinhold, Annette Bornhäuser, Christina Hunger and Jochen Schweitzer: Three kinds of effectiveness: Research on system constellations. Carl-Auer Verlag, Heidelberg, September 12, 2014, ISBN 3-8497-0047-X .
  19. ↑ C. Hunger, J. Weinhold, A. Bornhäuser, L. Link, J. Schweitzer: Mid- and long-term effects of family constellation seminars in a general population sample: 8- and 12-month follow-up. Fam. Process. 2015 June 54 (2): 344-358. doi: 10.1111 / famp.12102 Epub 2014 Sep 29.
  20. ↑ Systemic therapy for adults added as a further guideline procedure. In: g-ba.de. Federal Joint Committee, November 22, 2019, accessed on January 26, 2020 .
  21. ^ Matthias Varga von Kibéd, Insa Sparrer: Quite the contrary, Carl Auer Systems Verlag, Heidelberg, page 18, 224