Tänikon Monastery
The Tänikon monastery in today's political community of Aadorf , Canton Thurgau was founded around 1249 by the Lords of Bichelsee as a Cistercian monastery and dissolved in 1848. Today it is the seat of the Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station (ART).
history
Foundation of the women's monastery
The Tänikon convent, which belongs to the Cistercian order , was founded around 1249. With the year 789 Tänikon ("Tanninchova") is the earliest mentioned place in the political community of Aadorf , Canton Thurgau . The church is consecrated to Our Lady (Assumption of Mary into heaven). The church patron is St. Bernard of Clairvaux (church festival on August 20 or the following Sunday). Before the Reformation around 1520 it must have been a stately complex. Building evidence are the church, the roof structure of which goes back to 1363, making the Tänikon monastery church one of the oldest surviving buildings in Thurgau, and the Refental (former refectory ) (1508).
Abolition of the monastery
In the turmoil of the Reformation (1525–1550), monastic life died out. The resurrected monastery experienced a great boom in the 17th century, combined with lively building activity: Prelate's House in 1616, Abbess's House in 1678 and Lilienthal in 1640. The splendid glass panes in the cloister bear testimony to the abbesses' artistic sense . Until the political upheaval of 1798, the monastery heads in the localities of Aadorf , Ettenhausen and Guntershausen near Aadorf exercised lower jurisdiction . The legal relationship between these judicial communities and the monastery is laid down in openings, i.e. village rights.
In the early 19th century, many leading Thurgau politicians were of the opinion that the monasteries were rich and "remained alien to any charitable work". After various measures such as the use of state monastery administrators and the approval or prohibition of the acceptance of novices , the Thurgau Great Council decided in 1848, among other things, to abolish the 600-year-old Cistercian monastery in Tänikon.
List of Abbesses
| abbess | Reign |
|---|---|
| Hemma | until approx. 1270 |
| Elisabeth | approx. from 1270 - 1285 |
| Guta von von Bichelsee | 1285? - 1305 |
| Ite or Idda | 1305-1309 |
| Adelheid | 1309-1335 |
| Katharina Rinwin | 1335-1347 |
| Ita | 1347 - 1360? |
| Clara von Lindenberg | 1360? - 1371 |
| Ita from Schlatt | 1371-1380? |
| Clara von Gachnang | 1380? - 1387 |
| Elisabeth Rüdlinger | 1387 - 1398? |
| Anna von Gachnang | 1398? - 1415 |
| Katharina Schenk from Landegg | 1415-1430? |
| Anna Schlatter | 1430? - 1436 |
| Ursula von Eppenberg | 1436 - 1460? |
| Dorothea von Heudorf | 1460? - 1504 |
| Anna Walter I. von Blidegg | 1504 - 1521? |
| Amalia Gnäpser | 1521? - 1524 |
| Anna Walter II of Blidegg | 1524-1532 |
| Sophia von Grüt | 1548-1579 |
| Barbara von Hertenstein | 1579-1608 |
| Veronika von Grüt | 1608-1617 |
| Anna von Wellenberg | 1617-1623 |
| Magdalena Hoppler | 1623-1639 |
| Marie Salome Schmid | 1639-1677 |
| Maria Victoria von Beroldingen | 1677-1687 |
| Maria Elisabeth Dietrich | 1687-1707 |
| Maria Euphemia Zurlauben | 1707-1737 |
| Euphemia Dorothea Ceberg | 1737-1762 |
| Maria Barbara Rüti | 1762-1773 |
| Maria Katharina Weiss | 1773-1796 |
| Dominika Agatha Seiler | 1796-1827 |
| Maria Johanna Baptista Rutz | 1827-1848 |
New home in Austria
It was not until 1869 that the designated nuns united with the sisters of the Kalchrain and Feldbach monasteries, who had also become homeless, to form the successor monastery of Mariastern-Gwiggen in the community of Hohenweiler , Vorarlberg, which still exists today .
Privately owned monastery
After the abolition of the monastery, the church with the cemetery, the parsonage with change and fund money were transferred to the parish of Tänikon. In 1850 Nina von Planta von Samaden GR bought the monastery property. In addition to the estate, a pottery factory produced bricks and drainage pipes from 1857 to 1918. The cloister was demolished in order to create a goods road across it. The last landowner from 1936 until it was sold to the Swiss Confederation in 1968 was Emma Zuber-Schmid. The Federal Research Institute for Agriculture and Agricultural Engineering FAT started its work on April 1, 1969; Directors were Dr. Paul Faessler (1969–1981) and Prof. Dr. Walter Meier (1981-2004). In 2006 it was merged with the Research Institute for Agroecology and Agriculture Zurich-Reckenholz to form a single institution under the name Research Institute Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon (ART) and has since been headed by Director Paul Steffen.
Church renovation
The church was given the classicist appearance during the major renovations in 1829–1831. The early romantic organ from the monastery period is remarkable (built by Franz Anton Kiene? 1835; reconstruction 1975). In the years 2001-2003 the parish carried out a comprehensive renovation of the roof structure and a renovation of the church interior, especially the stucco ceiling, with considerable support from the federal government , the canton , the Catholic regional church and the political community of Aadorf .
The parish built the rectory in 1967 instead of the old building from 1853.
Timetable
- 789: First documentary mention as "villa Tanninchova"
- 1249: Foundation of the Tänikon women's monastery. Monastery coat of arms: three-part white lily on a blue background. Another monastery name since 1614: "Lilienthal".
- 1320: Ettenhausen comes to the Tänikon monastery
- 1362: The church with the roof structure still preserved is built.
- 1413: Aadorf buys the monastery from St. Gallen monastery.
- 1508: Construction of the refental (former refectory )
- 1509: With the purchase of Guntershausen, the monastery has lower jurisdiction in Aadorf, Ettenhausen and Guntershausen.
- 1525–1550: As a result of the turmoil of the Reformation, monastic life almost ceased.
- 1617: The prelate house is built as a guest building for the abbots of the Wettingen monastery.
- 1626: Addition of the altar house
- 1640: Construction of the Lilienthal, until 1961 an inn
- 1663: A vaulted ceiling is introduced instead of the old flat ceiling
- 1668 The roof turret (bell tower) is from the church roof to the Sakristei offset
- 1678: Construction of the abbess's house as a representative building for the head of the monastery
- 1798: The monastery loses jurisdiction over Aadorf, Ettenhausen and Guntershausen.
- 1831: A fundamental renovation gave the church its current classicistic appearance.
- 1840: installation of the Kiene organ; Restored in 1975
- 1838: Construction of the monastery barn as the last building of the monastery
- 1848: The Thurgau Great Council abolishes the Tänikon Cistercian monastery and the church becomes a parish church
- 1850: Mrs. Nina von Planta, Samaden GR, buys the Tänikon estate.
- 1857–1918: Industrial pottery factory (bricks, pipes, etc.)
- 1883: An indoor stable is built across the monastery barn.
- 1930 and 1961–1963: church renovations
- 1936: Emma Zuber-Schmid buys the Tänikon estate.
- 1967: New building of the rectory
- 1968: Acquisition by the Swiss Confederation
- 1969: On April 1, 1969, the Federal Research Institute for Agriculture and Technology (FAT), since 2006 Agroscope , begins its work.
- 1976: Move into the new buildings in the historic zone: office building, staff restaurant and guest wing
- 1981: Official inauguration of the new buildings and restored historic monastery buildings
- 1981: Opening of the agricultural engineering development show Agrotechnorama of the Federal Agricultural Research Institute Tänikon [1]
- 1989: Anniversary year "1200 years of Tänikon"
- 1999–2003: The Tänikon parish decides to renovate the old roof structure. As a main measure, a second supporting structure to absorb the external roof loads has to stabilize and relieve the historic roof structure from 1362. Then the interior of the church will be renovated.
literature
- J. Nater: The foundation of the Tänikon monastery. In: Thurgauer Jahrbuch , Vol. 3, 1927, pp. 22–34 ( e-periodica )
See also
Web links
- Erich Trösch: Tänikon. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Website Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon ART
- Parish St. Bernhard Tänikon on the website of the Catholic parish of Aadorf-Tänikon
- "Cistercian convent Tänikon, Switzerland" (GSN: 4515), in: Germania Sacra, http://klosterdatenbank.germania-sacra.de/gsn/4515
Individual evidence
- ^ Herbert Zehnder: Tänikon . Ed .: Catholic parish Tänikon. 1992, p. 20-35 .
- ↑ www.mariastern-gwiggen.at
- ↑ www.kirchenaadorf.ch ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ organ portrait on the website of Kuhn Organ Builders Ltd , accessed on 30 July 2012 found.
- ↑ www.guntershausen.ch ( Memento of the original from March 29, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 47 ° 28 ′ 46 " N , 8 ° 54 ′ 26" E ; CH1903: seven hundred and ten thousand six hundred and ninety-two / 259,777