Tatar dogwood

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Tatar dogwood
Tatar dogwood (Cornus alba)

Tatar dogwood ( Cornus alba )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Order : Dogwood-like (Cornales)
Family : Dogwood family (Cornaceae)
Genre : Dogwood ( Cornus )
Type : Tatar dogwood
Scientific name
Cornus alba
L.

The Tatar dogwood ( Cornus alba ), also known as the white dogwood , is a species of the dogwood genus ( Cornus ) within the dogwood family (Cornaceae).

description

Bark with lenticels
Foliage leaves in the shoot
Inflorescence with four-fold flowers in detail
Branch with opposite leaves in autumn colors and fruits

Vegetative characteristics

The Tatar dogwood is a deciduous, medium-high shrub that reaches heights of 1 to 4 meters. At first it grows broadly upright, in old age the branches overhang to the ground or arch down. The bark of young twigs is initially hairy, slightly whitish, frosted and purple-red. It later turns red-brown to olive-brown, with isolated gray lenticels . The marrow is wide and white.

The Tatar dogwood has a highly branched root system close to the surface . It forms little or no rooting runners .

The opposite continuously arranged on the branches leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The simple leaf blade is ovate to elliptical with a length of 5 to 9 centimeters and a width of 2 to 6 centimeters with a rounded blade base and a short, pointed upper end. Usually five pairs of leaf veins branch off from the median nerve , and the secondary leaf veins are also visible. The leaf blades are somewhat hairy whitish, sometimes with longer brown hairs in the axils of the leaf veins. The autumn color of the leaves is yellow to orange-red.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to July. The terminal, dense inflorescence has a diameter of 3 to 5 centimeters. The white to yellowish-white flowers are four-fold and have a diameter of 6 to 9 millimeters.

The pea-sized, round, white to light blue fruit has an elliptical stone core. The seeds are longer than they are wide, pointed at both ends and provided with three ribs on each side.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Similar species

The Tatar dogwood is often equated with the silky dogwood ( Cornus sericea ), which is also called the white dogwood and which it looks very similar on the outside. However, the two types can be distinguished by the shape and size of the stone cores. Their origins are also different.

Occurrence

The distribution area of the Tatar dogwood extends from the European part of Russia via Siberia to Manchuria and North Korea .

The Tatar dogwood likes to grow in sunny to partially shaded locations. He also tolerates shade, but then falls apart in habitus . It prefers to grow on moist soils , on which it develops a strong tendency to spread. Cornus alba is very hardy.

The 'Elegantissima' variety
Variegated foliage of the 'Ivory Halo' variety

Systematics

The first publication of Cornus alba was in 1767 by Carl von Linné . Synonyms for Cornus alba L. are Cornus tatarica Mill. , Swida alba (L.) Opiz , Cornus alba var. Sibirica Lodd. ex Loudon , Cornus sibirica Lodd. ex G. Don nom. nud., Thelycrania alba (L.) Pojark . The specific epithet alba means white, tatarica for Tatar.

The closest relatives of Cornus alba are Cornus pumila and the silky dogwood ( Cornus sericea ). This similarity has led to the fact that there are several synonyms that actually belong to the Cornus sericea .

use

The Tatar dogwood is very often used as an ornamental shrub . The colored branches are particularly decorative in winter. Every few years, the old branches should be cut back to just above the ground in order to sprout new ones, as the branches turn brown with increasing age. There are some types available (selection):

  • 'Aurea': leaves light green to yellow-green in color.
  • 'Gouchaultii': leaf margin yellow, also pink or white when shoots
  • 'Elegantissima' (Syn .: 'Argenteomarginata'): The leaves have a cream-colored border.
  • 'Kesselringii': This variety has stiffly upright branches that are not very branched. The bark is black-brown.
  • 'Sibirica': Medium high, stiffly upright growing when young, later wider and looser structure, about 3 meters high and wide. The bright red color of the bark is particularly noticeable in winter.
  • 'Sibirica Variegata': With an irregular white leaf margin.

The seeds contain up to 30% oil.

swell

  • Andreas Roloff, Andreas Bärtels: Woods. Purpose, origin and areas of life, properties and use (=  garden flora . Volume 1 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2006, ISBN 3-8001-3479-9 .
  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .
  • Qiu-Yun Xiang, David E. Boufford: Cornaceae. : Cornus alba , p. 210 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 14: Apiaceae through Ericaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2005, ISBN 1-930723-41-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  725 .
  2. ↑ Carl von Linné : Mantissa Plantarum , 1, 1767, p. 40.
  3. ↑ Q.-Y. Xiang, DT Thomas, W. Zhang, SR Manchester, Z. Murrell, 2006: Species level phylogeny of the Dogwood genus Cornus (Cornaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence. In: Taxon , Volume 55, pp. 9-30.

Web links

Commons : Tatar Dogwood ( Cornus alba )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files