Taubenblauer Täubling
| Taubenblauer Täubling | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Russula columbicolor | ||||||||||||
| Jurkeit & Herches |
The pigeon-blue blubber ( Russula columbicolor ) is a fungus from the family of pigeon relatives . The recently described (2007) and still relatively unknown deafbling is medium-sized, tastes mild and has a pale cream-colored spore powder. The hat is pale blue-gray to pale purple-gray and often has a yellowish discolored center. The deaf blue is particularly similar to the parrot deaf and the blue-green mature deaf. The fruiting bodies appear between July and September.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is usually 5–7.5 (9.5) cm wide, at first hemispherical, then arched to spread out and soon deepened in the middle of a funnel shape. It is circular, regularly shaped and rarely lobed or bent. The surface is smooth, dry, glossy and not frosted. The edge of the hat is only slightly grooved to a length of 0.5-1 cm. The edge zone can be indicated radially veined. The hat skin can be peeled off 1–2 cm, underneath the flesh is grayish to pinkish in color. Young the hat is uniformly blue-gray, then pale blue-gray or sometimes pale greenish or lilac-gray in color, but rarely shows reddish tones, as are typical of the meat-red edible blubber . The middle of the hat is lightly pastel-colored, gray, pale pink or ocher-purple and rarely dark blue-gray, but is never olive. The center of the hat funnel is often creamy-ocher or yellow in color and tends to fade.
The densely arranged more or less brittle fins are rare forked or slat tablets mingled. In the vicinity of the stem they are more often connected across veins. The lamellar cutting edges are usually arched, 6–8 mm wide and straight attached to the stem. They are whitish when young and remain pale even when ripe. The spore powder is pale cream-colored (after Romagnesi IIa– (IIb)).
The relatively thick, solid, and cylindrical stem is 3.5-5.5 (7) cm long and 1.3-1.8 (2.2) cm wide. The surface is sometimes a little uneven and the stem is often thickened towards the top or a little bulbous. Usually the stem is more or less whitish and invariable in color, but occasionally it can be tinged with purple. The stem base is rounded and only very rarely pointed. In old and large fruit bodies, the stem is stuffed inside and surrounded by a thin bark. As a rule, the stems are always shorter than the diameter of the hat.
The meat is firm and up to 10 mm thick in the middle of the hat, but quickly thins towards the edge. It tastes mild, but with young mushrooms, especially in the lamellas, it can taste clearly spicy. The odor is weak and inconspicuous or absent entirely. The stalk bark turns pale orange to pink with iron sulfate, and with guaiac it slowly turns green and takes a while to turn blue-green.
Microscopic features
The rather small, broadly elliptical, laterally somewhat bean-shaped curved spores vary relatively greatly in size. They are between 5.6–6.4 (7.2) µm long and 4.8–5.6 (6.4) µm wide. The Q value (quotient of spore length and width) is 1.1–1.3. The hillock is inamyloid . The appendix ( hilum ) is hyaline, barely visible and slightly frustoconical and measures 1.2–1.5 × 0.6–1 µm. The spore ornament consists of pimple, dotted or hemispherical low, 0.3-0.6 µm high warts, which can be connected by short, up to 0.6 µm thick, often angled, partly pearl-chain-shaped ridges and additional, thin lines. This sometimes creates an almost network-like structure. Deviating from this, however, one can also observe significantly higher, isolated, only partially colored, conical, 0.8 (1.2) µm high warts with many spores, which in some collections are even in the majority. If the connections between the warts decrease at the same time, the spore ornament works completely differently.
The slender, four-pore basidia are 35–50 µm long and 8–10 µm wide. The cystids are numerous and more or less spindle-shaped on the cutting edge and the surface of the lamellae. Only rarely are they more club-shaped to cylindrical. They are 55–90 µm long and 9–14 µm wide and rounded at the end. They often have a thin appendage or are somewhat crystalline head-shaped. With sulfovanillin, they turn dark gray to gray-red from the center to the tip.
The cap skin ( epicutis ) is very thin and is formed by clearly branched hyphae . In addition to some hair-like hyphae, 3–5-fold septate hyphae that are slightly constricted at the separation points predominate. The first links are 7–25 (40) µm long and approx. 2.5–6 (8) µm wide, the following, long and pointed end section is about 20–40 (60) µm long and rounded at the end. Only rarely do the short limbs of the epicutis hyphae narrow continuously to the conical terminal limb and are hardly constricted. The unseptate, 50–75 µm long and 7–12 (16) µm wide, mostly club- shaped Pileocystiden are predominantly obtuse or conical above. If they arise in deeper layers, they can also be made slimmer and reach a length of 100 µm. With sulvovanilline, they turn distinctly dark gray to slightly reddish, but never black.
Species delimitation
The Taubenblue Täubling differs from the other species of the (sub) section Griseinae by the clearly paler, gray-purple to gray-blue hat color. It is particularly similar to the parrot deafblings ( R. ionochlora ) and the blue-green ripe deafblings ( R. parazurea ).
The parrot pigeon can be easily distinguished by the larger, isolated warty ornamented spores. It is more difficult to distinguish the bluish-green rime-bladed, which also has a more reticulate spore ornament and a similar hat skin anatomy. The pigeon blue pigeon differs, however, in the predominantly blunt-clubbed Pileocystiden, which are more clearly cylindrical to clearly spindle-shaped or have an appendage tapering towards the tip. The spore ornament of the blue-green frost blot usually consists of thin connecting lines, the dove blue blot, on the other hand, has an ornament consisting of predominantly angled ridges and isolated meshes. In addition, its spore size is on average smaller and the spore dust is slightly lighter than that of the blue-green frost-bled. Macroscopically, it differs in its always pale pastel-colored and never frosted or scabbed hat.
Ecology and diffusion
So far, not much can be said about the ecology and distribution of the pigeon. The collections found so far came from a park with an extensive, well-tended lawn without a herbaceous layer and a loosened, older stock of trees, mainly red beeches or a park-like oak grove. European beeches, hornbeams, oaks and linden trees come into question as mycorrhizal partners. The fruiting bodies appear between July and September.
Finds from the Bayreuth Hofgarten (Bavaria) and Heidenau (Lower Saxony) suggest that the Täubling is widespread throughout Germany, but further details cannot yet be given.
Systematics
The Täubling was described in 2007 by W. Jurkeit and E. Herches and placed by the authors in the (sub) section Griseinae due to the pale cream-colored spore powder and its unmistakable similarity to the parrot-deaf and the blue-green ripe-deaf .
The scientific species attribute ( epithet ) is derived from the Latin words " columba " (pigeon) and " color " (color) and, like the German species name, is an allusion to the pigeon blue hat of younger fruiting bodies.
meaning
The deafblings are edible like all the deafblings from the Griseinae subsection .
literature
- Werner Jurkeit & Eduard Herches: Russula columbicolor spec. nov. (Basidiomycetes, Russulales) - a new Russula species from the Hofgarten in Bayreuth . In: German Society for Mykology (Hrsg.): Journal for Mykology . tape 73 , no. 2 , 2007, p. 251-258 .
- Felix Hampe & Robin Dost: Over four pigeons from the Griseinae section . In: Karin Montag (Ed.): The Tintling . tape 15 , no. 6 , 2010, p. 34-42 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Karl Ernst Georges: Columba . Detailed concise Latin-German dictionary. tape 1 . Hanover 1913, Sp. 3108 ( zeno.org ).
- ↑ Karl Ernst Georges: color . Detailed concise Latin-German dictionary. tape 1 . Hanover 1913, Sp. 3108 ( zeno.org ).
Web links
- Russula columbicolor. In: Russulales News / mtsn.tn.it. Archived from the original on February 18, 2013 ; Retrieved June 20, 2011 (English, original Latin diagnosis).
