Tea locks

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View from the orangery

The Teeschlösschen in Gotha ( Thuringia ) is a neo-Gothic pleasure palace in the form of a chapel in the castle park east of Friedenstein Castle from the last third of the 18th century.

history

Between October 1780 and March 1781, Duke Ernst II of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1745–1804) had a garden house built for his wife Charlotte Amalie (1751–1827) east below the fortifications of Friedenstein Castle in the “Duchess's Garden” . Master builder Carl Christoph Besser (1726–1800) probably took the monastery of Duchess Luise in Weimar Park , built in 1778 based on an idea from Goethe , as a model when he created a building in the neo-Gothic style directly above the orangery , which was initially used as a monastery , chapel or Hermitage was designated.

In Hirschfeld's Garden Calendar for the year 1782 an engraving with a view of the chapel included the Duchess, who is described as "residential buildings in the old-gothic style." The picture shows a simple, single-story, single-nave chapel with a gable roof and a small roof turret, which is adorned with a cross. In 1783 the ducal chamber officially expanded the building, which had quickly become the Duchess' favorite residence, to become Charlotte Amalie's summer apartment . The construction work included a. an extension of the building by 6.5 meters to the west and the extension of the attic. In the years 1799/1800 the building, which is located directly on the Leinakanal , received its cross-shaped floor plan from a two-storey extension to the east and the halls to the north and south. In 1812 the last extension of the building took place with the choir-like annex to the east, which gave it its present form.

In 1821, Duke August von Sachsen-Gotha-Altenburg gave his wife Karoline Amalie the pleasure palace (together with the Winter Palace and Friedrichsthal Palace ), which the Duchess occasionally used until her death in 1848. Under her son-in-law Ernst I of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , the building served as a chapel for the English relatives of the ducal house from 1839 when they were at the Gotha court. During this time it was officially mentioned as the English Chapel .

On the occasion of the Gotha visit by Queen Victoria and her Prince Consort Albert , the younger brother of Duke Ernst II of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , from August 28 to September 3, 1845, several photographs of the city were made to commemorate the royal couple, including also one with the English Chapel. According to research by Martin Eberle, director of the Friedenstein Castle Foundation, Queen Victoria wrote the note "The Schlösschen" under this recording, from which the initially colloquial and now the official name Teeschlösschen became.

With the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, the friendly relations between the Gotha court and the English royal family were torn (since the ruling Duke Carl Eduard von Sachsen-Coburg and Gotha , a native of England, fought on the side of Germany) and there were no visits from the English relatives in Gotha more, so that the tea castle was no longer used as a chapel. In 1917, the Duke allowed the Gotha Women's Aid Association to open a day care center in the building.

When in 1919 the entire property of the ducal house in the former Duchy of Gotha was expropriated by the confiscation law of the now Free State of Saxony-Gotha , the tea castle became state property. In 1920, the so-called Duncker courses of the "Arbeitshochschule" began in the building now owned by the city of Gotha . The courses offered qualification opportunities in spatial theory, bookkeeping, "materialistic conception of history", natural science, religion, church, school, oral and written expression as well as political theory.

After the expropriation of the ducal property was declared unconstitutional and invalid by a ruling by the Reichsgericht on June 18, 1925, the little tea castle again became the property of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha . On January 15, 1933, the last Duke, Carl Eduard, gave the house to Suse Thienemann, who set up a Froebel educational institution for nannies in the Little Tea Castle. After their expropriation in 1945, a municipal children's weekend home was housed in the Teeschlösschen until 1964, followed by a municipal kindergarten. Due to structural damage to the building, it had to be closed in June 1989.

In September 1990, the Teeschlösschen located on Mendelssohnweg 1 in the castle park, named after Moses Mendelssohn , was passed on to the Evangelical Lutheran City Church Community of Gotha, which has been running the Christian children's home "Teeschlösschen" there ever since. The building itself is still owned by the city.

Others

The original Besser building from 1780/81 has been preserved to this day in the structure of the Teeschlösschen. In 2006, the original color version of Besser was in restoration studies chapel are documented behind the southern hall extension.

A beech tree was planted right next to the tea castle in 1845 to commemorate Queen Victoria's visit to Gotha and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Popularly known as Albert's beech , the tree fell victim to a storm around 100 years later.

Directly below (east) of the Teeschlösschens the completed in 1369 flows Leinakanal along the Gotha supplied for centuries with water. Probably for this reason, the old sandstone slab from the mountain mill, which was demolished in 1895, was set into the surrounding wall in 1933, reminding of the construction of the Leinakanal. The Latin inscription on the plaque (left of the entrance to the tea castle ), which is now heavily weathered but still legible, reads: ANNO DOMINI MCCCLXIX LANDGR (AVIUS) BALTHASAR INTRODUXIT AQUAM LINAM IN GOTAM. (In the year of the Lord in 1369, Landgrave Balthasar brought the Leinawasser to Gotha.)

A few steps northwest of the Teeschlösschen stands the Petermann monument , which has been a reminder of the meritorious cartographer since 1909.

literature

  • Hopf, Udo / Lass, Heiko: Merkur-Tempel, Teeschlösschen and the garden architecture in Gothaer Park , in: In the kingdom of the goddess freedom. Gotha's princely gardens in five centuries , Gotha, 2007, ISBN 978-3-89807-106-2

Individual evidence

  1. Garden calendar for the year 1782. Edited by Christian Kay Lorenz Hirschfeld. Kiel and Dessau, 1781. p. 152 and copper plate no. 5.
  2. Conny Möller: More than a million euros in 20 years , in: Gothaer Tagespost / TLZ, May 21, 2016
  3. http://www.kulturstiftung-gotha.de/projekte/2017/2017-fenster-teeschloesschen.html
  4. Documentation of the color analysis at the Teeschlösschen, Barbara Ginskey, 2006/07

Web links

Commons : Teeschlösschen Gotha  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 50 ° 56 ′ 44.9 "  N , 10 ° 42 ′ 29.4"  E