Templars coming to Oschersleben

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The Templar Coming Oschersleben was a branch of the Templar Order in Oschersleben (Bode) . The story is poorly documented.

location

The position of the comedian within the city of Oschersleben is no longer known. Whether the seat was in Emmeringen, as many authors assumed on the basis of a document from 1721, remains to be seen.

history

The history of the Templars coming to Oschersleben is only very poorly documented. Documents that directly concern the Kommende Oschersleben have not been preserved. The first evidence of the coming comes from 1306. Therefore nothing can be said about the origins of the coming.

A little hint could be in the ownership history of Klein Wulferstedt (fallen desolate southwest of Wulferstedt or Oschersleben). In 1277 Count Heinrich von Regenstein donated 2½ Hufen in Klein-Wulferstedt to the Servite Convent in Hasselfelde , which the brothers from the Josaphat valley had previously held and who had given up again. The Templar estate around Oschersleben was probably the result of a donation made by a local nobleman who had visited the Holy Land either as a pilgrim or as a participant in the crusade.

An indication of the location of at least part of the Templars' holdings around Oschersleben is provided by an inheritance loan letter from 1721, which the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm I issued to the von Bennigsen family. It says about the village of Emmeringen (just under 3 km northeast of downtown Oschersleben): the Tempelhof with four-half hooves of land there. A sheet of wood, called the Temple Mount. There was also a corridor in Emmeringen called the Tempelborth, popularly known as Tempelworth. Most authors concluded from this that the Tempelhof was in Emmeringen.

On April 26, 1306, Friedrich von Alvensleben , Master of the Templar Order in Alemannia and Slavia, sold the Tempelhof in Halberstadt with all accessories to four Brothers von Freckleben for the sum of 950 Stendal silver marks due to the heavy debt burden ( cum ordo noster esset gravi onere debitorum ) . Bishop Albert / Albrecht I. von Halberstadt and the commendators of the Templar comers in Tempelachim ( Achim ) (Brother Thiderich), Oschersleben (Brother Ulrich) and Müchi (Brother Thiderich) are named among the witnesses in the sales deed. Gustav Schmidt assumes that the Templars sold all the property in the Halberstadt diocese before they were expropriated and dissolved. However, this is not covered by this document, especially as further Templar ownership in the Diocese of Halberstadt was later mentioned, which is not listed in this document.

In the course of the first persecution of the Templars, which began in October 1307 and culminated in the ban on the Templars in 1312, Archbishop Burchard III. von Magdeburg arrested some Knights Templar from the Templar settlements in Wichmannsdorf , Bollstedt and Gehringsdorf as early as May 1308 . The process sparked a dispute between Archbishop Burchard of Magdeburg and Bishop Albrecht von Halberstadt, because Gehringsdorf belonged to the Diocese of Halberstadt. Archbishop Burchard of Magdeburg had to release the Knights Templar again, but they had to swear to him a primal feud, ie that they would not do anything against him after their release. Later, Bishop Albrecht von Halberstadt banned his colleague from church because of the desecration of the churches in Beyer-Naumburg and Gehringsdorf, which took place in the course of the Templar persecution, from which only Pope Clemens V released him .

But also Bishop Albrecht von Halberstadt had probably already confiscated the Templar estates in his diocese in the years 1308/09, because on November 11, 1309, Bishop Albrecht von Halberstadt gave the knight Dietrich Kage 3 hooves in Oschersleben for 60 Marks of silver and he paid only for 2 years guarantee against claims of the Pope and the Templars. The only two year guarantee for the property clearly shows that it was confiscated Templar property and not former Templar property that had been sold before the persecution of the Templars. The Templar Coming Tempelachim was also transferred to the Halberstadt Monastery without any demonstrable sale.

In 1327 canon and cantor Ulrich von Brockleben zu Naumburg sold the tithe of 20 hooves in Neindorf near Oschersleben. It is mentioned that this property originally belonged to the Templars and that the sale took place before they were damned. Despite its proximity to Oschersleben, the 20 Hufen zu Neindorf did not belong to the Kommende Oschersleben, but to the Templerkommende Halberstadt , which had already been sold in 1306.

In 1362, Bishop Ludwig von Halberstadt transferred half a hoof to the Count of Asseburg in the Oschersleben field, including 6 acres behind the Tempelhof, 6 acres on the Wuhne and 4 acres on the way to Seehausen.

Thereafter, the documents remain silent until the already mentioned letter of inheritance loan from 1721, which the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm I issued to the von Bennigsen family. The von Bennigsen family had to hand over the estate to the bailiff Johann Ludwig Diederichs in 1727. He sold the property to the War and Domain Chamber in 1737. Since then it has been a royal domain.

Commander / Commander

1306 Brother Ulrich

literature

  • Joe Labonde: The Templars in Germany. An investigation into the historically inherited legacy of the Knights Templar in Germany. 451 S., Bernardus, Mainz 2010. ISBN 978-3-8107-0088-9 (in the following abbreviated Labonde, Templer in Germany with corresponding page number)
  • Leopold von Ledebur: The Templars and their possessions in the Prussian State, A contribution to the history and statistics of the order. III. The province of Saxony. General Archive for the History of the Prussian State, Volume 16, 242–268, Berlin, Posen, Bromberg, 1835 Online at archive.org (hereinafter abbreviated to Ledebur, Templars with corresponding page number)
  • Gunther Lehmann, Christian Patzner: The Templars in Central Germany. 2nd revised and changed edition, 142 pp., LePa-Bücher, Erfurt 2014 ISBN 978-3-9808859-4-2 , pp. 74/75, 158/59
  • Michael Schüpferling: The Templar Order in Germany. 264 S., J. Kirsch, Bamberg 1915 (PhD thesis philos. Faculty of the University of Friborg in Switzerland), pp. 98–99
  • Gustav Schmidt: Document book of the Hochstift Halberstadt and its bishops 3rd volume. Publications from the Prussian State Archives, Volume 27, 710 pp., Verlag von S. Hirzel, Leipzig, 1887 (in the following abbreviated to Schmidt, Urkundenbuch Vol. 3 with corresponding page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gustav Schmidt: Document book of the city of Halberstadt. First part. Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, Halle, 1878 (historical sources of the province of Saxony and neighboring areas, 7th volume) Online at archive.org , p. 126, document number 147.
  2. ^ Richard Setzepfandt: Documents from the city of Groß-Oschersleben. History sheets for the city and state of Magdeburg: Announcements of the Association for History and Archeology of the Duchy and Archbishopric Magdeburg 34: 1-71, Magdeburg 1899. Online at archive.org S.51 / 52.
  3. ↑ Templar Encyclopedia: Oschersleben
  4. ^ A b Friedrich Schlemm: History of Freemasonry in Halberstadt. 134 pp., Dölle, Halberstadt 1846. Online at Google Books p. 14
  5. ^ Schmidt, Urkundenbuch, vol. 3, p. 30, document no. 1787 of April 26, 1306
  6. ^ Gustav Schmidt: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the province of Saxony in the district of Oschersleben. Printed and published by Otto Hendel, Halle ad p. 1891, p. 188.
  7. ^ Schmidt, Urkundenbuch, vol. 3, p. 72, document no. 1858 of December 4, 1310
  8. ^ Schmidt, Urkundenbuch, vol. 3, p. 81, document no. 1879 from January 23, 1312
  9. ^ Schmidt, Urkundenbuch, vol. 3, p. 89, document no. 1891 of July 25, 1312
  10. ^ Schmidt, Urkundenbuch, vol. 3, p. 62, document no. 1844 from November 11, 1309 snippets on Google Books
  11. ↑ Stephan Kunze: History, statistics and topography of all localities of the district of Oschersleben, Volume 1. 492 S., CH Hänicke, Oschersleben, 1842. Online at Google Books (p. 483)
  12. ↑ Labonde, Templer in Deutschland, p. 157.
  13. ^ Gustav Schmidt: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the district of Oschersleben. Verlag von Otto Hendel, Halle ad S., 1891, pp. 68/69.

annotation

  1. ↑ That the Templars had possessions in the place should be sufficiently proven by the document, but it is not certain whether the seat of the committees was actually in Emmeringen. Why should commendator Ulrich be named in the 1306 document from Oschersleben when the commander's seat was (supposedly?) In Emmeringen. The other two commendators named in the certificate of 1306 are also named after the commendation seat. In a document from 1310, for example, a temple courtyard is also mentioned in Groß Quenstedt , which belonged to the Kommende Halberstadt. There was no commander in Groß Quenstedt, and the Templar property had already been sold by this time. The Templar holdings of the Kommende Oschersleben may also have included more than the 3½ Hufen and the sheet of wood in Emmeringen; Compare, for example, the possession of the Tempelhof in Halberstadt, which was sold in 1306, or the Wichmannsdorf, who was coming to the Templars . The documents from 1309 and 1362 show that the Templars not only owned Emmeringen. Unfortunately, in Oschersleben there are no references to a Templar settlement, for example in the form of street or house names.

Coordinates: 52 ° 1 ′ 36 ″  N , 11 ° 13 ′ 36 ″  E