Terebella
Terebella | ||||||||||||
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![]() Terebella sp., From: The genera vermium exemplified by various specimens of the animals contained in the orders of the Intestina et Mollusca Linnaei , circa 1860 |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Terebella | ||||||||||||
Linnaeus , 1767 |
Terebella ( Latin tere bella "Bohrerchen" of terebra , "drill") is the name of a genus of marine annelid worms from the polychaete - Family of Terebellidae known as detritus with many thin tentacles in small caves on the seabed or beach, often in crevices and holes of Rocks live.
features
In the polybristles of the genus Terebella , the transverse prostomium is connected to the dorsal surface of the upper lip, the lower part like a thick crest, the distal part like a base. Often the prostomium also has eye spots . Numerous uniformly cylindrical buccal tentacles with an eyelash groove and a compact tentacle membrane are located near the mouth . The peristomium is reduced to enlarged lips, a comparatively short, hood-like upper lip and a large, button-shaped to pillow-shaped lower lip. The noticeable 1st segment is narrow at the top and widened below, often with a low flap in the middle of the abdomen at the edge of the mouth, while such flaps are absent on the other anterior segments. The ventral side of the anterior segments is highly glandular with inconspicuous, smooth to finely notched, rectangular to trapezoidal shields in the middle of the abdomen. On the 2nd, 3rd and 4th segment there are two branched gills . The parapodia are missing side lobes. From the 4th segment on there are conical notopodia with bristles that are sawn distally along an edge. From the 5th segment, i.e. the 2nd bristle-bearing segment, there are neuropodia in the form of low, sitting combs with hook-shaped bristles, which sit in simple rows on the first 7 such segments, then in double rows and on the abdomen again in simple rows. From the 3rd segment on there are nephridial papillae, and from the 6th segment on, there are also genital papillae between the parapodial lobes, which extend over a varying number of segments. The pygidium is smooth to finely notched.
In nature, only the tentacles of the annelid worms of the genus Terebella can be seen that they stick out of their burrows. That is why some species of this genus are called "spaghetti worms ", while the term crested worms is used for the entire family of the Terebellidae.
Distribution, habitat and way of life
The poly-bristles of the genus Terebella are common in seas around the world. Many species such as Terebella lapidaria live in crevices and holes in the rock. They feed on detritus and microorganisms that they collect with their tentacles.
Development cycle
The Terebella are, as far as known, separate sexes. Females and males release their gametes into the open sea water, where fertilization takes place. Free-swimming trochophora larvae develop from the zygotes and, after a pelagic phase lasting around two months in the case of Terebella lapidaria, sink down and metamophore to form crawling worms .
species
The following 42 species belong to the genus Terebella :
- Terebella aberrans Fauvel, 1949
- Terebella alata pit, 1858
- Terebella annulifilis pit, 1872
- Terebella atricapilla pit, 1870
- Terebella bilineata Baird, 1865
- Terebella biseta Lamarck, 1801
- Terebella cancellata Bather, 1911
- Terebella chilensis Hartmann-Schröder, 1962
- Terebella copia Hutchings, 1990
- Terebella Ehlersi Engraving , 1907
- Terebella ehrenbergi engraving, 1906
- Terebella frondosa pit, 1859
- Terebella fulgida Agassiz, 1851
- Terebella gigantea Montagu, 1819
- Terebella gorgonae Monro, 1933
- Terebella haplochaeta (Ehlers, 1904)
- Terebella hesslei Annenkova-Chlopina, 1924
- Terebella inversa (Willey, 1905)
- Terebella jinhuensis Yu & Wang, 1981 †
- Terebella lapidaria Linnaeus, 1767
- Terebella leslieae Santos, Nogueira, Fukuda & Christoffersen, 2010
- Terebella lewesiensis Davies, 1879 †
- Terebella littoralis Dalyell, 1853
- Terebella lutensis Bather, 1911
- Terebella muliarrus Hutchings, 1993
- Terebella ochroleuca pit, 1870
- Terebella orotavae (Langerhans, 1881)
- Terebella panamena Chamberlin, 1919
- Terebella pappus Hutchings & Murray, 1984
- Terebella parvabranchiata Treadwell, 1906
- Terebella plagiostoma Schmarda, 1861
- Terebella pterochaeta Schmarda, 1861
- Terebella punctata Hessle, 1917
- Terebella quinqueseta Lamarck, 1801
- Terebella sarsii pit, 1878
- Terebella Schmardai Day, 1934
- Terebella stenotaenia pit, 1872
- Terebella subcirrata pit, 1872
- Terebella tantabiddycreekensis Hartmann-Schröder, 1979
- Terebella tilosaula Schmarda, 1861
- Terebella verrilli Holthe, 1986
- Terebella virescens pit, 1870
literature
- Carolus Linnaeus: Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Ed. January 12, Regnum Animale. 1 et 2. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm] 1767. p. 1092, no. 291. Terebella, T. lapidaria.
- Georg Heinrich Borowski: Non-profit natural history of the animal kingdom with illustrations, volumes 9-10. Gottlieb August Lange, Berlin and Stralsund 1788. P. 71. Steinbohrer. Terebella.
- Wilfried Westheide , Günter Purschke: Handbook of Zoology (Handbuch der Zoologie). A Natural History of the Phyla of the Animal Kingdom. Annelida: Polychaetes. Terebella Linnaeus, 1767, p. 54. In: Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa, Rolf G. v. Beutel, Niels Peder Kristensen, Richard Leschen, Günter Purschke, Wilfried Westheide, Frank Zachos: Handbook of Zoology Online. Walter de Gruyter, 2017.
Web links
- G. Read: Terebella of Family Terebellidae. Annelida.net, December 9, 2003.
Individual evidence
- ^ Terebella Linnaeus, 1767. WoRMS , 2018. Retrieved January 18, 2019.