Termitomyces heimii
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Termitomyces heimii |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
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| Natarajan |
Termitomyces heimii is with termites socialized agaric the genus Termitomyces (termites fungi) from the family of Raslingsverwandten .
features
Macroscopic features
The hat has a diameter of 8 to 12.5 centimeters with a smooth, silky white surface. It is gray in the middle, brownish over time. It is arched convex to flat arched (plano-convex) with a distinct hump. Its edge is curved. The lamellas , up to 8 millimeters wide, are free, white, later pink with a sawn edge. Lamellettes are available.
The stem is up to 19 inches long and up to 2 inches thick, white, smooth, cylindrical, not hollow with a pronounced ring . It is extended like a root (pseudorhiza).
Microscopic features
The hyphae in the pulp are interwoven, thick-walled and up to 18 micrometers wide. The top layer of the hat consists of radially arranged hyphae up to 5 micrometers thick. The basidia are club-shaped, 19.5 to 21 micrometers long and 5.5 to 7 micrometers wide and have 2 to 4 sterigms . Pleurocystidia are rare, when present they are club-shaped, 46 by 18 micrometers in size. The spores are elliptical, smooth, translucent , inamyloid, and grow to 7 to 8.4 by 4.2 to 5.6 micrometers. There are no buckles . The spore powder print is pink.
ecology
Like other Termitomyces species, the fungus lives in and on termite nests. It can be found on cocoa, oil palm and rubber tree plantations, but also in gardens, orchards and pastures where termites of the Odontotermes genus occur. It grows in groups, often with more than 300 specimens, which are rooted in a single termite nest that can accommodate up to 40 or more mushroom chambers. The termites literally breed the fungus, plant mushroom gardens and use it as food. The gardens are laid out in special chambers using excrement pills containing spores. The mycelium grows through the substrate (the accumulations of excrement) and after a few weeks the fungus begins to form vegetative nodules that serve as food for the termites.
distribution
Termitomyces heimii is common in South Asia.
meaning
Termitomyces heimii is considered to be one of the most sought-after wild mushrooms. It is mainly collected and sold in China, India, Malaysia and Nepal.
Systematics and taxonomy
Termitomyces heimii was first described by K. Natarajan in 1979 . He was found on the Madras University campus . The specific epithet honors the French mycologist Roger Heim . The generic name refers to the close association of the fungus with termites.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Natarajan K .: South Indian Agaricales V: Termitomyces heimii . In: Mycologia . tape 71 , 1979, pp. 853-855 , doi : 10.2307 / 3759201 , JSTOR : 3759201 .
- ↑ a b c d Pegler, DN, Vanhaecke, M .: Termitomyces of Southeast Asia . In: Kew Bulletin . tape 49 , 1994, pp. 717-736 , doi : 10.2307 / 4118066 , JSTOR : 4118066 .
- ^ Ulrich G. Mueller, Nicole M. Gerardo, Duur K. Aanen, Diana L. Six, Ted R. Schultz: The Evolution of Agriculture in Insects . In: Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. tape 36 , 2005, pp. 563-595 , doi : 10.1146 / annurev.ecolsys.36.102003.152626 .
- ↑ Christensen, M., Bhattarai, S., Devkota, S., Larsen, HO: Collection and Use of Wild Edible Fungi in Nepal . In: Economic Botany . tape 62 , 2008, p. 12-23 , doi : 10.1007 / s12231-007-9000-9 .
