Jet black owl

Jet black owl
	Jet black owl ( Amphipyra livida )
Systematics
Order :	Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Superfamily :	Noctuoidea
Family :	Owl butterfly (Noctuidae)
Subfamily :	Amphipyrinae
Genre :	Amphipyra
Type :	Jet black owl
Scientific name
	Amphipyra livida
	( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)

The deep black glossy owl ( Amphipyra livida ), also called glossy owl or black glossy owl, is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of the owl butterflies (Noctuidae).

features

butterfly

The moths reach a wingspan of 39 to 45 millimeters. The forewings are colored shiny black to black-brown. Sometimes they shimmer slightly purple or bluish. The scientific name can be traced back to this phenomenon (Latin: livida = bluish). No drawing is recognizable. The hind wings show an orange-brown or reddish-gray to yellowish color. The hem area is darkened. Male moths have short-toothed antennae . The antennae of the females are thread-shaped.

Egg, caterpillar, pupa

The cone-shaped egg, strongly flattened at the base, is provided with strongly jagged longitudinal ribs. It changes its color from initially light blue to reddish brown to glassy blue.

Adult caterpillars are gray-green or bluish-gray in color with thin white side ridges and distinct white to yellowish side stripes.

The reddish brown doll shows two oppositely curved thorns and a few small bristles on the cremaster .

Similar species

Due to the very distinctive coloring, the moths are unmistakable.

Geographical distribution and habitat

The jet black owl is locally widespread in central and southern Europe. Northern finds are likely to be immigrants. It is also found in Asia Minor and further through Central Asia to Korea and China . In Japan the ssp. corvina native. The species prefers mixed forest areas , alluvial forests and park landscapes. In Austria, the species is mainly found north of the Danube (e.g. Waldhausen in the Mühlviertel) and in Burgenland.

Way of life

The moths are nocturnal and also fly to artificial light sources and baits that are particularly popular . The main flight time is from August to October. The caterpillars live from April to June and feed on low plants e.g. B. of dandelion ( Taraxacum ) or hawkweed ( Hieracium ). The species overwinters as an egg.

Danger

In Germany, the jet-black owl occurs only in very few regions and is listed in category 1 (threatened with extinction) on the red list of endangered species .

swell

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Michael Fibiger, Hermann Hacker: Amphipyrinae, Condicinae, Eriopinae, Xyleninae (part) . In: Michael Fibiger, László Ronkay, Barry Goater, Martin Honey (eds.): Noctuidae Europaeae . tape 9 . Entomological Press, Sorø 2007, ISBN 978-87-89430-11-9 (English).
↑ Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 .
^ Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg . 1st edition. tape 6 . Moth IV. Noctuidae 2nd part. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1997, ISBN 3-8001-3482-9 .
↑ Gerfried Deschka, Josef Wimmer: Ecological valence analysis with large butterflies as indicators in the community of Waldhausen in Upper Austria. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Society for Regional Studies, Linz 1996 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
↑ Manfred Koch : We identify butterflies. Volume 3: Owls. 2nd, expanded edition. Neumann, Leipzig / Radebeul 1972, DNB 760072930 .
↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9 .

literature

Michael Fibiger, Hermann Hacker: Amphipyrinae, Condicinae, Eriopinae, Xyleninae (part) . In: Michael Fibiger, László Ronkay, Barry Goater, Martin Honey (eds.): Noctuidae Europaeae . tape 9 . Entomological Press, Sorø 2007, ISBN 978-87-89430-11-9 (English).
Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg . 1st edition. tape 6 . Moth IV. Noctuidae 2nd part. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1997, ISBN 3-8001-3482-9 .

Web links

Commons : Tiefschwarze Glanzeule - collection of images, videos and audio files

Lepiforum eV photos
www.schmetterlinge-deutschlands.de Endangerment
Amphipyra livida at Fauna Europaea

[Fibiger-1] Michael Fibiger, Hermann Hacker: Amphipyrinae, Condicinae, Eriopinae, Xyleninae (part) . In: Michael Fibiger, László Ronkay, Barry Goater, Martin Honey (eds.): Noctuidae Europaeae . tape 9 . Entomological Press, Sorø 2007, ISBN 978-87-89430-11-9 (English).

[Forster-2] Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 .

[Ebert-3] Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg . 1st edition. tape 6 . Moth IV. Noctuidae 2nd part. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1997, ISBN 3-8001-3482-9 .

[4] Gerfried Deschka, Josef Wimmer: Ecological valence analysis with large butterflies as indicators in the community of Waldhausen in Upper Austria. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Society for Regional Studies, Linz 1996 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).

[Koch-5] Manfred Koch : We identify butterflies. Volume 3: Owls. 2nd, expanded edition. Neumann, Leipzig / Radebeul 1972, DNB 760072930 .

[BuNa-6] Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9 .