Tjuchen

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Tjüchen is a residential area in the Wittmund district of Leerhafe in East Friesland . It is located on Kreisstraße 24 in the Witmund district , which branches off from Lower Saxony state road 11 at Isums and leads to Burmönken .

Surname

The name Tjüchen appears more often in this or a similar spelling as a place name or as part of a place name. According to A. Schöneboom was Tjüch / e (translated: yoke ). "The area [...] that could be plowed in a day with a yoke of oxen" originally a '' country "and said Tjüchen could by Arend Remmers also from Derive old Frisian tiuche , which referred to "individual areas of the Dorfmark that were worked on jointly by working groups". In the East Frisian Dictionary , the note finds that Tjücht was also in use as the name of courtyards and small living quarters, which were near the old spiritual foundations and monasteries and where, under whose administration cattle breeding (= Tjücht ) was operated. The history of the Tjüchen residential area suggests that the last-mentioned meaning of the name applies here. This assumption is also confirmed by the fact that Tjüchen in old documents as Tjüchermönken (translated: Tjüche (s) of the monks ) is called.

history

During the Middle Ages there was a Vorwerk of the Coming Burmönken in the place , which may have been an independent branch of the Order of St. John before it was incorporated into Burmönken . Little is known about the story of the Coming. The archive and library were lost after the Reformation and the desolation of the order settlement has not yet been archaeologically examined. In 1319, Tjüchen was named as an independent commander with the name Thyuchen in comparison between the commander of the Johanniter Hospital in Burgsteinfurt and the Frisian Johanniter comers .

The branch is said to have had its own chapel, which has not yet been discovered. However, there is no further evidence of independence. After 1319 it only appears as a Vorwerk. During the Saxon feud , troops of the “Black Guard” destroyed the Coming Party in 1513. After the Reformation, Tjüchen became a residential area with 14 residents in 1823, spread over three residential buildings.

In 1981 a flint ax from the funnel beaker culture (approx. 3000 to 2500 BC) was found by chance on a field in Tjüchen . According to the East Frisian landscape, the site is not the original location of the 10.7 cm long tool. It got to Tjüchen through a flushing pipe from the edge of the Wittmunder low in 1963/64.

literature

  • Marc Sgonina: Tjüchen - Johanniter . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 3, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3-89534-959-3
  • Enno Schöningh: The Order of St. John in Ostfriesland , vol. LIV in the series of treatises and lectures on the history of East Friesland (published by the East Frisian landscape in connection with the Lower Saxony State Archives Aurich ), Aurich 1973

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See for example Tjüche , part of the community Marienhafe .
  2. ↑ A. Schöneboom: Article Filsum. The corridor and its names , in Ostfriesischer Haus-Kalender or Hausfreund , born in 1955, pp. 47–53
  3. ^ Arend Remmers: From Aaltukerei to Zwischenmooren. The settlement names between Dollart and Jade , Leer 2004, p. 220; 275
  4. ^ Cirk Heinrich Stürenburg: East Frisian Dictionary (reprint of the Aurich 1857 edition), Leer 1996, p. 283; see also Dictionary of the East Frisian Language (Ed. Jan ten Doonkaat Koolman), Norden 1879–1884, Volume III, p. 417
  5. ↑ Ernst Friedländer: Ostfriesischer Urkundenbuch , Volume I: 787 - 1470 , Emden 1878, Sheet 44 (Heidelberg historical holdings digital; viewed May 6, 2013)
  6. ^ Karl-Heinz de Wall (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape ): Leerhafe, Stadt Wittmund, district Wittmund (PDF; 713 kB), accessed on November 22, 2012.
  7. ^ Ostfriesische Landschaft: Fundchronik 1981 , viewed on February 12, 2016.


Coordinates: 53 ° 33 ′ 7.6 ″  N , 7 ° 48 ′ 3.6 ″  E